The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Magnitude and Composition of the Energy Surplus for Maximizing Muscle Hypertrophy: Implications for Bodybuilding and Physique Athletes
Abstract
This review aimed to explore the nature of energy consumption for optimizing muscle growth in the presence of a resistance training program with a specific focus on implications for bodybuilders and physique athletes. Although gains in muscle mass can be achieved when resistance training is performed under hypocaloric conditions, research indicates that maximizing exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy requires an energy surplus. Herein, we discuss the interplay between total dietary energy intake and macronutrient ratios, and provide evidence-based guidelines as to how they should be manipulated to optimize muscular adaptations.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Additionally, in order to support muscle hypertrophy, strength athletes typically consume excess calories, which may have also inadvertently influenced fat mass accrual especially in more experienced athletes (38).”
From Body composition in male lifelong trained strength, sprint and endurance athletes and healthy age-matched controls (2023) · cites this paper as [38]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Morton, R. W., Murphy, K. T., McKellar, S. R., Schoenfeld, B. J., Henselmans, M., Helms, E., Aragon, A. A., Devries, M. C., Banfield, L., Krieger, J. W., et al. (2018) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608 · Cited by 1,269
Self-citationRole of Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis in Resistance to Fat Gain in Humans
Levine, J. A., Eberhardt, N. L., & Jensen, M. D. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5399.212 · Cited by 997
Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss
Cava, E., Yeat, N. C., & Mittendorfer, B. (2017) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.3945/an.116.014506 · Cited by 452
The Glycogen-Binding Domain on the AMPK β Subunit Allows the Kinase to Act as a Glycogen Sensor
McBride, A., Ghilagaber, S., Nikolaev, A., & Hardie, D. G. (2009) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.11.008 · Cited by 432
Bray, G. A., Smith, S. R., de Jonge, L., Xie, H., Rood, J., Martin, C. K., Most, M., Brock, C., Mancuso, S., & Redman, L. M. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1918 · Cited by 285
Longland, T. M., Oikawa, S. Y., Mitchell, C. J., Devries, M. C., & Phillips, S. M. (2016) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.119339 · Cited by 271
Garthe, I., Raastad, T., Refsnes, P. E., Koivisto, A., & Sundgot-Borgen, J. (2011) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.21.2.97 · Cited by 209
The effect of protein timing on muscle strength and hypertrophy: a meta-analysis
Schoenfeld, B. J., Aragon, A. A., & Krieger, J. W. (2013) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/1550-2783-10-53 · Cited by 201
Self-citationMacnaughton, L. S., Wardle, S. L., Witard, O. C., McGlory, C., Hamilton, D. L., Jeromson, S., Lawrence, C. E., Wallis, G. A., & Tipton, K. D. (2016) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.12893 · Cited by 191
Pasiakos, S. M., Vislocky, L. M., Carbone, J. W., Altieri, N., Konopelski, K., Freake, H. C., Anderson, J. M., Ferrando, A. A., Wolfe, R. R., & Rodriguez, N. R. (2010) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.109.118372 · Cited by 176
Research works printed but not linked: 29
- Antonio, 2018, The effect of peanut butter overfeeding in trained men and women: A pilot trial, J Exerc Nutr, 1
- Antonio, 2016, A high protein diet has No harmful effects: A one-year crossover study in resistance-trained males, J Nutr Metab, 2016, 9104792, 10.1155/2016/9104792 · DOI · Paper page
- Boirie, 2001, Energetic cost of protein turnover in healthy elderly humans, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 25, 601, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801608 · DOI
- Buckinx, 2018, Pitfalls in the measurement of muscle mass: A need for a reference standard, J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 9, 269, 10.1002/jcsm.12268 · DOI · Paper page
- Campbell, 2018, Effects of high versus low protein intake on body composition and maximal strength in aspiring female physique athletes engaging in an 8-week resistance training program, Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 28, 580, 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0389 · DOI
- Carbone, 2012, Skeletal muscle responses to negative energy balance: Effects of dietary protein, Adv Nutr, 3, 119, 10.3945/an.111.001792 · DOI · Paper page
- Chappell, 2018, Nutritional strategies of high level natural bodybuilders during competition preparation, J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 15, 4, 10.1186/s12970-018-0209-z · DOI
- Crewther, 2016, The effects of two equal-volume training protocols upon strength, body composition and salivary hormones in male rugby union players, Biol Sport, 33, 111, 10.5604/20831862.1196511 · DOI
- Donnelly, 1993, Muscle hypertrophy with large-scale weight loss and resistance training, Am J Clin Nutr, 58, 561, 10.1093/ajcn/58.4.561 · DOI · Paper page
- Garthe, 2013, Effect of nutritional intervention on body composition and performance in elite athletes, Eur J Sport Sci, 13, 295, 10.1080/17461391.2011.643923 · DOI
- Glynn, 2010, Muscle protein breakdown has a minor role in the protein anabolic response to essential amino acid and carbohydrate intake following resistance exercise, Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 299, R533, 10.1152/ajpregu.00077.2010 · DOI
- Grgic, 2019, Does aerobic training promote the same skeletal muscle hypertrophy as resistance training? A systematic review and meta-analysis, Sports Med, 49, 233, 10.1007/s40279-018-1008-z · DOI
- Haun, 2018, Effects of graded whey supplementation during extreme-volume resistance training, Front Nutr, 5, 84, 10.3389/fnut.2018.00084 · DOI
- Jequier, 2002, Pathways to obesity, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 26, S12, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802123 · DOI
- Kim, 2016, The anabolic response to a meal containing different amounts of protein is not limited by the maximal stimulation of protein synthesis in healthy young adults, Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 310, E73, 10.1152/ajpendo.00365.2015 · DOI · Paper page
- Kim, 2018, Update on maximal anabolic response to dietary protein, Clin Nutr, 37, 411, 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.05.029 · DOI
- Malowany, 2019, Protein to maximize whole-body anabolism in resistance-trained females after exercise, Med Sci Sports Exerc, 51, 798, 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001832 · DOI
- Margolis, 2016, Prolonged calorie restriction downregulates skeletal muscle mTORC1 signaling independent of dietary protein intake and associated microRNA expression, Front Physiol, 7, 445, 10.3389/fphys.2016.00445 · DOI
- McClave, 2001, Dissecting the energy needs of the body, Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 4, 143, 10.1097/00075197-200103000-00011 · DOI · Paper page
- Miller, 2018, Resistance training combined with diet decreases body fat while preserving lean mass independent of resting metabolic rate: A randomized trial, Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 28, 46, 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0221 · DOI · Paper page
- Ribeiro, 2019, Effects of different dietary energy intake following resistance training on muscle mass and body fat in bodybuilders: A pilot study, J Hum Kinet, 70, 125, 10.2478/hukin-2019-0038 · DOI
- Ribeiro, 2019, Should competitive bodybuilders ingest more protein than current evidence-based recommendations?, Sports Med, 49, 1481, 10.1007/s40279-019-01111-y · DOI
- Rozenek, 2002, Effects of high-calorie supplements on body composition and muscular strength following resistance training, J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 42, 340
- Scafoglieri, 2018, Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: Gold standard for muscle mass?, J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 9, 786, 10.1002/jcsm.12308 · DOI
- Schoenfeld, 2017, Pre- versus post-exercise protein intake has similar effects on muscular adaptations, PeerJ, 5, e2825, 10.7717/peerj.2825 · DOI · Paper page
- Schoenfeld, 2018, Is there a postworkout anabolic window of opportunity for nutrient consumption? Clearing up controversies, J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 48, 911, 10.2519/jospt.2018.0615 · DOI
- Schutz, 2011, Protein turnover, ureagenesis and gluconeogenesis, Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 81, 101, 10.1024/0300-9831/a000064 · DOI
- Spendlove, 2015, Dietary intake of competitive bodybuilders, Sports Med, 45, 1041, 10.1007/s40279-015-0329-4 · DOI
- Spillane, 2016, Daily overfeeding from protein and/or carbohydrate supplementation for eight weeks in conjunction with resistance training does not improve body composition and muscle strength or increase markers indicative of muscle protein synthesis and myogenesis in resistance-trained males, J Sports Sci Med, 15, 17
Cited by
The Role of Strength on Punch Impact Force in Boxing
Beattie, K., & Ruddock, A. D. (2022) · Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000004252 · Cited by 40
Walker, S., von Bonsdorff, M., Cheng, S., Häkkinen, K., Bondarev, D., Heinonen, A., & Korhonen, M. T. (2023) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2023.1295906 · Cited by 29
Metadata
- Authors
- Aragon, A. A., & Schoenfeld, B. J.
- Affiliations
- California State University, Northridge, California; and
- Department of Health Science, Lehman College, Bronx, New York
- Venue
- Strength & Conditioning Journal
- Published
- 2020-02-27
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 79-86
- ISSN
- 1524-1602
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 19
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
