Low Vocational Outcome Among People Diagnosed With Borderline Personality Disorder During First Admission to Mental Health Services in Denmark: A Nationwide 9-Year Register-Based Study
Abstract
Earlier studies report that although people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience symptom reduction in the long term, they continue to have difficulties in work recovery. This nationwide 9-year register-based study (N = 67,075) investigated the long-term labor-market attachment of all individuals diagnosed with BPD during first admission to Danish mental health services in comparison with other psychiatric disorders. Controlling for baseline characteristics and co-occurring secondary psychiatric diagnoses, the BPD group had 32% lower odds (OR = 0.68; 95% CI [0.61, 0.76]) of being in work/under education after 9 years. Individuals diagnosed with BPD also showed more impairment in long-term vocational outcome than other personality disorders, and lower labor-market attachment than other psychiatric disorders except for schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders, and mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use. Intervention programs addressing social psychiatric aspects of BPD in terms of work functioning is henceforth an important area for future research.
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Over half of the individuals with BPD are unemployed.
“Community studies show that over half of the individuals with BPD are unemployed [6].”
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Understanding personality functioning and its impairments in adolescents
Gaudiešiūtė, E. (2026) · doi:10.15388/vu.thesis.927
- Authors
- Hastrup, L. H., Kongerslev, M. T., & Simonsen, E.
- Affiliations
- Region Zealand (DK)
- University of Southern Denmark (DK)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality Disorders
- Publisher
- Guilford Publications
- Published
- 2019-06
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 326-340
- ISSN
- 0885-579X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2760577889
- Cited by
- 44
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 4.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Disability Education and Employment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- borderline personality disorder, career outcomes, labour market attachment, employment, educational attainment, long-term follow-up, personality disorders, mental illness, work recovery
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Borderline Personality Disorder, Denmark, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Occupations, Personality Disorders, Registries, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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