Synaptic reorganization in scaled networks of controlled size.
Open accessAbstract
Neurons in plastic regions of the brain undergo fundamental changes in the number of cells connecting to them as a result of development, plasticity and disease. Across these same time periods, functional changes in cellular and synaptic physiology are known to occur and are often characterized as developmental features of these periods. However, it remains possible that many such changes are direct consequences of the modified degree of partnering, and that neurons intrinsically scale their physiological parameters with network size. To systematically vary a recurrent network's number of neurons while measuring its synaptic properties, we used microfabricated extracellular matrix adhesive islands created with soft lithography to culture neuronal clusters of precise sizes, and assessed their intrinsic connectivity using intracellular recordings and confocal microscopy. Both large and small clusters supported constant densities of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. However, neurons that were provided with more potential partners (larger clusters) formed more connections per cell via an expanded dendritic surface than cocultured smaller clusters. Electrophysiologically, firing rate was preserved across clusters even as size and synapse number increased, due in part to synapses in larger networks having reduced unitary strengths, and sparser paired connectivity. Larger networks also featured a particular increase in the number of excitatory connections onto inhibitory dendrites. We suggest that these specific homeostatic mechanisms, which match the number, strength, and architecture of connections to the number of total available cellular partners in the network, could account for several known phenomena implicated in the formation, organization and degeneration of neuronal circuits.
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Larger neurons with larger numbers of synapses in culture have sparser connectivity and reduced unitary synapse strength, such that firing rate is preserved across clusters of different sizes.
“Indeed, larger neurons with larger numbers of synapses in culture have recently been found to have sparser connectivity and reduced unitary synapse strength, such that firing rate was preserved across clusters of different sizes [61].”
From Scaling of Brain Metabolism with a Fixed Energy Budget per Neuron: Implications for Neuronal Activity, Plasticity and Evolution (2011) · cites this paper as [61]
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- Authors
- Wilson, N. R., Ty, M. T., Ingber, D. E., Sur, M., & Liu, G.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2007-12-12
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 50
- Pages
- 13581-13589
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6673632
- OpenAlex
- W2030914859
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (30630026)
- National Institutes of Health
- National Key Research and Development Program of China
- National Eye Institute (EY15068, R01EY015068)
- National Cancer Institute (CA55833, R01CA055833)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Keywords
- synaptic remodeling, network size scaling, neuroplasticity, excitatory-inhibitory connectivity, firing rate, soft lithography, neuronal clusters
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Dendrites, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Hippocampus, Nerve Net, Neural Inhibition, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Synapses, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Cell Culture Techniques, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Rats, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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