Cited by 264Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation StudiesNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchDeep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 66 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Dose-Dependent Effects of Theta Burst rTMS on Cortical Excitability and Resting-State Connectivity of the Human Motor System

Open access

Nettekoven, Charlotte, Volz, Lukas J., Kutscha, Martha, Pool, Eva-Maria, Rehme, Anne K., Eickhoff, Simon B., Fink, Gereon R., Grefkes, Christian·2014·The Journal of Neuroscience

DOI 10.1523/jneurosci.4993-13.2014PMC PMC4019799

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Theta burst stimulation (TBS), a specific protocol of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), induces changes in cortical excitability that last beyond stimulation. TBS-induced aftereffects, however, vary between subjects, and the mechanisms underlying these aftereffects to date remain poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether increasing the number of pulses of intermittent TBS (iTBS) (1) increases cortical excitability as measured by motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and (2) alters functional connectivity measured using resting-state fMRI, in a dose-dependent manner. Sixteen healthy, human subjects received three serially applied iTBS blocks of 600 pulses over the primary motor cortex (M1 stimulation) and the parieto-occipital vertex (sham stimulation) to test for dose-dependent iTBS effects on cortical excitability and functional connectivity (four sessions in total). iTBS over M1 increased MEP amplitudes compared with sham stimulation after each stimulation block. Although the increase in MEP amplitudes did not differ between the first and second block of M1 stimulation, we observed a significant increase after three blocks (1800 pulses). Furthermore, iTBS enhanced resting-state functional connectivity between the stimulated M1 and premotor regions in both hemispheres. Functional connectivity between M1 and ipsilateral dorsal premotor cortex further increased dose-dependently after 1800 pulses of iTBS over M1. However, no correlation between changes in MEP amplitudes and functional connectivity was detected. In summary, our data show that increasing the number of iTBS stimulation blocks results in dose-dependent effects at the local level (cortical excitability) as well as at a systems level (functional connectivity) with a dose-dependent enhancement of dorsal premotor cortex-M1 connectivity.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1523/jneurosci.4993-13.2014

Cites

65 of 65 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figure 1 Experimental design. A , Main experiment. Subjects took part in two MEP sessions (M1-iTBS_MEPs, sham-iTBS_MEPs) and two resting-state fMRI sessions (M1-iTBS_rs-fMRI, sham-iTBS_rs-fMRI) on four separate days. Using a withinsubject design, each subject received three serially applied iTBS blocks over M1 (M1 stimulation) and over the parieto-occipital vertex (sham stimulation), each followed by the assessment of MEPs or resting-state fMRI. B , Supplemental control experiment. In a secondexperiment,asubgroupof6subjectsadditionallyreceivedonestimulationoverM1followedbytwostimulationsovertheparietooccipital vertex (supplemental control stimulation) to test for the specificity of additive aftereffects after serial iTBS over M1.CC-BY-NC-SA · From the PDF

Figure 5 Changes in rsFC. M1 compared with sham stimulation, normalized to baseline values. Color bar represents t values. Onlyclusters surviving a cluster level FWE correction ( p ≤ 0.05) are shown. A , Main experiment. M1-iTBS led to significantly higher changesinrsFCofM1withbilateralpremotorareas(dPMC,SMA)afteralldosesaswellaswithsomatosensoryandsuperiorparietal cortex. B , Supplemental control experiment. iTBS1800 over M1 led to significantly higher correlations in the time courses between M1and premotor areas (dPMC, SMA) as well as somatosensory/superior parietal cortex compared with a single M1-iTBS application followed by two sham stimulations over the vertex (supplemental control stimulation).CC-BY-NC-SA · From the PDF

Figure 6 ROI analysis. Dose-dependent changes in rsFC. Contrasts between the increase in rsFC compared with baseline between iTBS1800 and ( A ) iTBS600 or ( B ) iTBS1200. Color bar represents t values. The cross indicates the coordinate where dose-dependent increases were found for ipsilateral dPMC-M1 rsFC. p ≤ 0.05, small-volume FWE-corrected at the voxel level.CC-BY-NC-SA · From the PDF

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory
Oldfield, R. C. (1971) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 · Cited by 35,900
Unified segmentation
Ashburner, J., & Friston, K. J. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.02.018 · Cited by 7,507
A mechanism for cognitive dynamics: neuronal communication through neuronal coherence.
Fries, P. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.08.011 · Cited by 4,284
Theta Burst Stimulation of the Human Motor Cortex
Huang, Y.-Z., Edwards, M. J., Rounis, E., Bhatia, K. P., & Rothwell, J. C. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.12.033 · Cited by 4,158
A new SPM toolbox for combining probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps and functional imaging data
Eickhoff, S. B., Stephan, K. E., Mohlberg, H., Grefkes, C., Fink, G. R., Amunts, K., & Zilles, K. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.12.034 · Cited by 4,033
Self-citation
Corticocortical inhibition in human motor cortex.
Kujirai, T., Caramia, M. D., Rothwell, J. C., Day, B. L., Thompson, P. D., Ferbert, A., Wroe, S. J., Asselman, P., & MARSDEN, C. D. (1993) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019912 · Cited by 3,132
Theory for the development of neuron selectivity: orientation specificity and binocular interaction in visual cortex
Bienenstock, E., Cooper, L., & Munro, P. (1982) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.02-01-00032.1982 · Cited by 2,896
Risk and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: report and suggested guidelines from the International Workshop on the Safety of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, June 5–7, 1996
Wassermann, E. M. (1998) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials Section · doi:10.1016/s0168-5597(97)00096-8 · Cited by 2,337
An improved framework for confound regression and filtering for control of motion artifact in the preprocessing of resting-state functional connectivity data
Satterthwaite, T. D., Elliott, M. A., Gerraty, R. T., Ruparel, K., Loughead, J., Calkins, M. E., Eickhoff, S. B., Hakonarson, H. H., Gur, R. C., Gur, R. E., et al. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.08.052 · Cited by 1,982
Self-citation
The plastic human brain cortex
Pascual-Leone, A., Amedi, A., Fregni, F., & Merabet, L. B. (2005) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144216 · Cited by 1,929

Show all 66 references

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 263

The effect of pulse shape in theta-burst stimulation: Monophasic vs biphasic TMS
Wendt, K., Sorkhabi, M. M., Stagg, C. J., Fleming, M. K., Denison, T., & O’Shea, J. (2023) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2023.08.001 · Cited by 26
Interhemispheric Cortical Inhibition Is Reduced in Young Adults With Developmental Coordination Disorder
He, J. L., Fuelscher, I. T., Enticott, P. G., Teo, W., Barhoun, P., & Hyde, C. E. (2018) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00179 · Cited by 26
Theta-burst direct electrical stimulation remodels human brain networks
Huang, Y., Zelmann, R., Hadar, P., Peralta, J. D., Richardson, R. M., Williams, Z. M., Cash, S. S., Keller, C. J., & Paulk, A. C. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-51443-1 · Cited by 34
Does non-invasive brain stimulation reduce essential tremor? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Kang, N., & Cauraugh, J. H. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185462 · Cited by 25
The efficacy of semax in the tretament of patients at different stages of ischemic stroke
Gusev, E. I., Martynov, M. Y., Kostenko, E. V., Petrova, L. V., & Bobyreva, S. N. (2018) · Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova · doi:10.17116/jnevro20181183261-68 · Cited by 24
Efficacy and safety of high-dose and personalized TBS on post-stroke cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial
Ren, J., Su, W., Zhou, Y. C., Han, K., Pan, R., Duan, X., Liu, J., Lu, H., Zhang, P., Zhang, W., et al. (2025) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2025.02.009 · Cited by 25
Efficacy and safety of intermittent theta-burst stimulation in patients with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized sham-controlled trials
Goh, K. K., Chen, C.-H., Wu, T., Chiu, Y.-H., & Lu, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.944437 · Cited by 24
Reward improves response inhibition by enhancing attentional capture
Wang, Y., Braver, T. S., Yin, S., Hu, X., Wang, X., & Chen, A. (2018) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsy111 · Cited by 27
The effects of D-Cycloserine on corticospinal excitability after repeated spaced intermittent theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation: A randomized controlled trial in healthy individuals
Wrightson, J. G., Cole, J., Sohn, M. N., & McGirr, A. (2023) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-023-01575-7 · Cited by 23
Immediate Effects of Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation on Primary Motor Cortex in Stroke Patients: A Concurrent TMS-EEG Study
Bai, Z., Zhang, J., & Fong, K. N. K. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2023.3282659 · Cited by 23
Finger Tapping Task Activation vs. TMS Hotspot: Different Locations and Networks
Wang, J., Meng, H., Ji, G., Jing, Y., Wang, H.-X., Deng, X., Feng, Z., Zhao, N., Zang, Y., & Zhang, J. (2019) · Brain Topography · doi:10.1007/s10548-019-00741-9 · Cited by 25
Subthreshold repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation induces cortical layer–, brain region–, and protocol-dependent neural plasticity
Ong, R. C. S., & Tang, A. D. (2025) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.ado6705 · Cited by 22
Theta burst stimulation: Technical aspects about TMS devices
Gutiérrez-Muto, A. M., Castilla, J., Freire, M. J., Oliviero, A., & Tornero, J. (2020) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2020.01.002 · Cited by 22
Modulation of motor cortical excitability by continuous theta-burst stimulation in adults with autism spectrum disorder
Jannati, A., Ryan, M. A., Block, G., Kayarian, F. B., Oberman, L. M., Rotenberg, A., & Pascual‐Leone, Á. (2021) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2021.03.021 · Cited by 23
The effect of coupled inhibitory-facilitatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on shaping early reorganization of the motor network after stroke
Chen, Q., Shen, W., Sun, H., Zhang, H., Liu, C., Chen, Z., Yu, L., Cai, X., Ke, J., Li, L., et al. (2022) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147959 · Cited by 22
Efficacy and safety of non-invasive brain stimulation on cognitive function for cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Li, X., Dai, J., Liu, Q., Zhao, Z., & Zhang, X. (2023) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.12.003 · Cited by 23
Non-invasive neuromodulation of the right temporoparietal junction using theta-burst stimulation in functional neurological disorder
Bühler, J., Weber, S., Loukas, S., Walther, S., & Aybek, S. (2024) · BMJ Neurology Open · doi:10.1136/bmjno-2023-000525 · Cited by 23
Intermittent theta burst stimulation applied during early rehabilitation after stroke: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Hensel, L., Grefkes, C., Tscherpel, C., Ringmaier, C., Kraus, D., Hamacher, S., Volz, L. J., & Fink, G. R. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034088 · Cited by 22
Self-citation
Enhancing cognition with theta burst stimulation
Demeter, E. (2016) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-016-0072-7 · Cited by 21
Differential analgesic effects of high-frequency or accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation of M1 on experimental tonic pain: Correlations with cortical activity changes assessed by TMS-EEG
Tan, B., Chen, J., Liu, Y., Lin, Q.-Y., Wang, Y., Shi, S., Yang, Y., & Che, X. (2024) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00451 · Cited by 22
Continuous and intermittent theta burst stimulation to the visual cortex do not alter GABA and glutamate concentrations measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Stoby, K. S., Rafique, S. A., Oeltzschner, G., & Steeves, J. K. E. (2022) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.2478 · Cited by 21
Combined rTMS/fMRI Studies: An Overlooked Resource in Animal Models
Seewoo, B. J., Etherington, S. J., Feindel, K. W., & Rodger, J. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00180 · Cited by 19
What is the effect of bodily illusions on corticomotoneuronal excitability? A systematic review
Dilena, A., Todd, G., Berryman, C. F., Rio, E., & Stanton, T. R. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0219754 · Cited by 20
Repeated motor cortex theta-burst stimulation produces persistent strengthening of corticospinal motor output and durable spinal cord structural changes in the rat
Amer, A., & Martin, J. H. (2022) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2022.07.005 · Cited by 21
Effect of 30 Hz theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation on the primary motor cortex in children and adolescents
Pedapati, E. V., Gilbert, D. L., Horn, P. S., Huddleston, D. A., Laue, C. S., Shahana, N., & Wu, S. W. (2015) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00091 · Cited by 21
Age affects the contribution of ipsilateral brain regions to movement kinematics
Tscherpel, C., Hensel, L., Lemberg, K., Freytag, J., Michely, J., Volz, L. J., Fink, G. R., & Grefkes, C. (2019) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.24829 · Cited by 21
Self-citation
Cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation improves motor function in Parkinson's disease
Grobe‐Einsler, M., Baljasnikowa, V., Faikus, A., Schaprian, T., & Kaut, O. (2024) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.52183 · Cited by 20
Low-intensity contralesional electrical theta burst stimulation modulates ipsilesional excitability and enhances stroke recovery
Boddington, L. J., Gray, J. P., Schulz, J. M., & Reynolds, J. N. J. (2019) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113071 · Cited by 19
Cognitive Enhancement via Neuromodulation and Video Games: Synergistic Effects?
Palaus, M., Viejo-Sobera, R., Redolar-Ripoll, E., & Marrón, E. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00235 · Cited by 18
Low- and High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Effects on Resting-State Functional Connectivity Between the Postcentral Gyrus and the Insula
Addicott, M. A., Luber, B. M., Nguyên, D. T., Palmer, H., Lisanby, S. H., & Appelbaum, L. G. (2019) · Brain Connectivity · doi:10.1089/brain.2018.0652 · Cited by 18
Accelerated Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation in Late-Life Depression: A Possible Option for Older Depressed Adults in Need of ECT During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Konstantinou, G., Downar, J. H., Daskalakis, Z. J., & Blumberger, D. M. (2020) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2020.07.007 · Cited by 18
Fronto-temporal interactions are functionally relevant for semantic control in language processing
Wawrzyniak, M., Hoffstaedter, F., Klingbeil, J., Stockert, A., Wrede, K., Hartwigsen, G., Eickhoff, S. B., Claßen, J., & Saur, D. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177753 · Cited by 18
Self-citation
Aftereffect and Reproducibility of Three Excitatory Repetitive TMS Protocols for a Response Inhibition Task
Ji, G., Wei, J., Liu, T., Li, D., Zhu, C., Yu, F., Tian, Y., Wang, K., Zhang, L., & Hu, P. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01155 · Cited by 17
Increased Accuracy of Emotion Recognition in Individuals with Autism-Like Traits after Five Days of Magnetic Stimulations
Liu, P., Xiao, G., He, K., Zhang, L., Wu, X., Li, D., Zhu, C., Tian, Y., Hu, P., Qiu, B., et al. (2020) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2020/9857987 · Cited by 17
Continuous theta-burst stimulation to the sensorimotor cortex affects contralateral gamma-aminobutyric acid level and resting-state networks
Matsuta, H., Shimomura, T., Kouchiyama, T., & Fujiki, M. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0272268 · Cited by 16
Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation alone or in combination with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in poststroke rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Wang, Y., Fong, T. K. H., Sui, Y., Bai, Z., & Zhang, J. (2024) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-024-01486-8 · Cited by 16
Predictive Role of Executive Function in the Efficacy of Intermittent Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Modalities for Treating Methamphetamine Use Disorder—A Randomized Clinical Trial
Wang, L., Mu, L., Ren, Z., Tang, H.-J., Wei, Y.-D., Wang, W.-J., Song, P.-P., Zhu, L. L., Ling, Q., Gao, H., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.774192 · Cited by 15
The effects of bilateral theta-burst stimulation on executive functions and affective symptoms in major depressive disorder
Holczer, A., Németh, V. L., Vékony, T., Kocsis, K., Király, A., Kincses, Z. T., Vécsei, L., Klivényi, P., & Must, A. (2021) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.03.001 · Cited by 15
Psychological Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Individuals With Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Tang, Z., Zhu, Z. A., & Xu, J. (2022) · Biological Research For Nursing · doi:10.1177/10998004221122522 · Cited by 16
Can neurophysiologic measures serve as biomarkers for the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment of major depressive disorder?
Kobayashi, B., Cook, I. A., Hunter, A. M., Minzenberg, M., Krantz, D. E., & Leuchter, A. F. (2017) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540261.2017.1297697 · Cited by 14
Better modulation for risk decision‐making after optimized magnetic stimulation
Wang, L., Wu, X., Ji, G., Xiao, G., Xu, F., Yan, Y., Wu, Y. F., Xi, C., Chen, X., & Wang, K. (2021) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.24772 · Cited by 14
Non-invasive Central and Peripheral Stimulation: New Hope for Essential Tremor?
Chalah, M. A., Lefaucheur, J., & Ayache, S. S. (2015) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00440 · Cited by 16
Transcranial magnetic stimulation cortical oscillations and improve cognition in obstructive sleep apnea patients
Han, X., Cai, S., Gui, H., & Chen, R. (2023) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.2958 · Cited by 13
Interhemispheric Facilitatory Effect of High-Frequency rTMS: Perspective from Intracortical Facilitation and Inhibition
Tian, D., & Izumi, S. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12080970 · Cited by 13
Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS) as an Optimal Treatment for Schizophrenia Risk Decision: an ERSP Study
Wu, Y. F., Wang, L., Yu, F., Ji, G., Xiao, G., Xu, F., Chunyan, Z., Chen, X., & Wang, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.594102 · Cited by 13
Induction of plasticity and metaplasticity using noninvasive brain stimulation
Bhattacharya, A., Darmani, G., Udupa, K., Nankoo, J.-F., Ding, M. Y. R., & Chen, R. (2025) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.009 · Cited by 14
The cognitive effects of adjunctive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for late-onset depression: a randomized controlled trial with 4 week follow-up
Pan, W.-G., Hu, X.-Y., Zhu, D.-D., Li, L., Bao, F., Ren, L., Mao, P.-X., Ma, X., Ren, Y.-P., & Tang, Y.-L. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1240261 · Cited by 12
Increasing striatal dopamine release through repeated bouts of theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. A 18F-desmethoxyfallypride positron emission tomography study
Shaikh, U. J., Pellicano, A., Schüppen, A., Heinzel, A., Winz, O., Herzog, H. R., Mottaghy, F. M., & Binkofski, F. (2024) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1295151 · Cited by 13
Intermittent theta burst stimulation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex accelerates visuomotor adaptation with delayed feedback
Song, Y., Adams, S. E., & Legon, W. (2020) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2020.04.033 · Cited by 13
Cortical Inhibition and Plasticity in Major Depressive Disorder
Castricum, J., Birkenhäger, T. K., Kushner, S. A., Elgersma, Y., & Tulen, J. H. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.777422 · Cited by 14
Adding a Second iTBS Block in 15 or 60 Min Time Interval Does Not Increase iTBS Effects on Motor Cortex Excitability and the Responder Rates
Bakulin, I. S., Zabirova, A. K., Sinitsyn, D. O., Poydasheva, A. G., Lagoda, D. Y., Suponeva, N. A., & Пирадов, М. А. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12081064 · Cited by 12
Dose-Dependent Target Engagement of a Clinical Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Protocol: An Interleaved Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation–Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study in Healthy People
Chang, K.-Y., Tik, M., Mizutani-Tiebel, Y., Taylor, P. C. J., van Hattem, T., Falkai, P., Padberg, F., Bulubas, L., & Keeser, D. (2024) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.08.009 · Cited by 11
Investigation of neurobiological responses to theta burst stimulation during recovery from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)
Coyle, H. L., Bailey, N. W., Ponsford, J., & Hoy, K. E. (2023) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114308 · Cited by 10
Dose-response relationships in transcranial brain stimulation: Physics, physiology and mechanism
Soleimani, G., Alekseichuk, I., Aurup, C., Bergmann, T. O., Bestmann, S., Beynel, L., Evans, C., Frӧhlich, F., Ghobadi‐Azbari, P., Hanlon, C. A., et al. (2026) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2026.103067 · Cited by 13
Impact of combination of intermittent theta burst stimulation and methadone maintenance treatment in individuals with opioid use disorder: A comparative study
Gong, H., Huang, Y., Zhu, X., Lu, W. H., Cai, Z., Zhu, N., Huang, J., Jin, Y., & Sun, X. (2023) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115411 · Cited by 9
The efficacy and safety of continuous theta burst stimulation for auditory hallucinations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Ye, S., Chen, C., Wei, B., Zhan, J., Li, Y.-H., Zhang, C., Huang, J.-J., & Yang, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1446849 · Cited by 10
Altered activation in sensorimotor network after applying rTMS over the primary motor cortex at different frequencies
Wang, X., Li, L., Wei, W., Zhu, T., Huang, G., Li, X., Ma, H., & Lv, Y. (2020) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.1670 · Cited by 11
Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex
Meng, H., Cao, N., Zhang, J., & Pi, Y. (2020) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.9253 · Cited by 10
Motor cortical excitability and plasticity in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1
Castricum, J., Tulen, J. H. M., Taal, W., Ottenhoff, M. J., Kushner, S. A., & Elgersma, Y. (2020) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.08.016 · Cited by 10
Prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a case series
Richard, M., Noiseux, C., Jodoin, V. D., Blumberger, D. M., Sheen, J., Mansouri, F., Elkrief, L., Longpré-Poirier, C., Lespérance, P., & Miron, J. (2022) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114709 · Cited by 11
Increasing mind wandering with accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Aasen, S. R., Drevland, R. N., Csifcsák, G., & Mittner, M. (2024) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109008 · Cited by 10
Repeated spaced cortical paired associative stimulation promotes additive plasticity in the human parietal-motor circuit
Goldenkoff, E. R., Deluisi, J. A., Lee, T. G., Hampstead, B. M., Taylor, S. F., Polk, T. A., & Vesia, M. (2024) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.005 · Cited by 9
Cortical reorganization correlates with motor recovery after low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with occupational therapy in chronic subcortical stroke patients
Katai, S., Maeda, M., Katsuyama, S., Maruyama, Y., Midorikawa, M., Okushima, T., & Yoshida, K. (2023) · Neuroimage Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ynirp.2023.100156 · Cited by 9
Monitoring Changes in TMS-Evoked EEG and EMG Activity During 1 Hz rTMS of the Healthy Motor Cortex
Schoisswohl, S., Kanig, C., Osnabruegge, M., Agboada, D., Langguth, B., Rethwilm, R., Hebel, T., Abdelnaim, M. A., Mack, W., Seiberl, W., et al. (2024) · eNeuro · doi:10.1523/eneuro.0309-23.2024 · Cited by 11
RTMS of the Cerebellum Using an Accelerated Stimulation Protocol Improved Gait in Parkinson’s Disease
Grobe‐Einsler, M., Lupa, A., Weller, J. M., & Kaut, O. (2024) · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · doi:10.1177/15459683241257518 · Cited by 9
Is more better? Comparing 600, 1200 and 1800 pulses/session (p/s) of intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) for the treatment of depression
Kerkel, K., Schoisswohl, S., Langguth, B., Abdelnaim, M. A., Bernet, J., Schecklmann, M., & Reißmann, A. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.03.006 · Cited by 9
Minimal scanning duration for producing individualized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation targets
Sun, J., Du, R., Zhang, B., Hua, Q., Wang, Y., Zhang, Y., Ji, G., He, K., & Wang, K. (2022) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-022-00720-y · Cited by 8
A Generalized Cortico-Muscular-Cortical Network to Evaluate the Effects of Three-Week Brain Stimulation
Liu, J., Wang, J., Tan, G., Sheng, Y., Feng, L., Tang, T., Li, X., Xie, Q., Liu, H., & Wei, Y. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2023.3294509 · Cited by 8
Neuromodulatory transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) changes functional connectivity proportional to the electric-field induced by the TMS pulse
Balderston, N. L., Duprat, R., Long, H., Scully, M., Deluisi, J. A., Figueroa-Gonzalez, A., Teferi, M., Sheline, Y. I., & Oathes, D. J. (2024) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2024.06.007 · Cited by 8
Predicting Long-Term After-Effects of Theta-Burst Stimulation on Supplementary Motor Network Through One-Session Response
Ji, G., Sun, J., Liu, P., Wei, J., Li, D., Wu, X., Zhang, L., Yu, F., Bai, T., Zhu, C., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00237 · Cited by 8
TMS and neocortical neurons: an integrative review on the micro-macro connection in neuroplasticity
Tian, D., & Izumi, S. (2023) · Japanese Journal of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Science · doi:10.11336/jjcrs.14.1 · Cited by 7
Left prefrontal intermittent theta-burst stimulation therapy for major depressive disorder: A real-world, multisite observational study in Japan
Noda, Y., Osawa, R., Takeda, Y., Fujii, K., Saijo, Y., Kajiya, T., Takeishi, K., Moriyama, S., Saeki, T., Nakajima, S., et al. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.01.131 · Cited by 8
The Supplementary Motor Area as a Flexible Hub Mediating Behavioral and Neuroplastic Changes in Motor Sequence Learning: A TMS and TMS-EEG Study
Chen, J., Fan, Y., Jia, X., Fan, F., Wang, J., Zou, Q., Chen, B., Che, X., & Lv, Y. (2025) · Neuroscience Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s12264-025-01375-7 · Cited by 7
iTBS on RDLPFC improves performance of motor imagery: a brain-computer interface study combining EEG and fNIRS
Chen, J., Liu, Q., Chen, G., Cai, G., Jiang, J., Yang, X., Tan, C., Zhang, C., Xu, G., & Lan, Y. (2025) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-025-01688-8 · Cited by 7
Effects of iTBS-rTMS on the Behavioral Phenotype of a Rat Model of Maternal Immune Activation
Rittweger, N., Ishorst, T., Barmashenko, G., Aliane, V., Winter, C., & Funke, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2021.670699 · Cited by 7
Multiple Daily Rounds of Theta-Burst Stimulation for Tinnitus: Preliminary Results
Hong, S.-M., Kim, S. K., Seo, M.-Y., & Kang, S. Y. (2021) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina57080743 · Cited by 7
Intermittent theta burst stimulation over the parietal cortex has a significant neural effect on working memory
Deng, X., Wang, J., Zang, Y., Li, Y., Fu, W., Su, Y., Chen, X., Du, B., Dong, Q., Chen, C., et al. (2021) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.25708 · Cited by 6
Microstructural Properties of Human Brain Revealed by Fractional Anisotropy Can Predict the After-Effect of Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation
Kimura, I., Oishi, H., Hayashi, M. J., & Amano, K. (2021) · Cerebral Cortex Communications · doi:10.1093/texcom/tgab065 · Cited by 6
Basic Principles of rTMS in Motor Recovery After Stroke
Volz, L. J., & Grefkes, C. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25721-1_3 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
A sequential dual-site repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depressive disorder: A randomized clinical trial
Zhao, Y.-J., Xiang, S., Chen, R., Ding, Q. J., Geng, R., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Li, H., Wang, Y., Cui, H., et al. (2025) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102402 · Cited by 9
Different doses of intermittent theta burst stimulation for upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Tang, Z., Liu, T., Liu, Y., Han, K., Su, W., Zhao, J., Chi, Q., Zhang, X., & Zhang, H. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1259872 · Cited by 6
Modulating intrinsic functional connectivity with visual cortex using low‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Rafique, S. A., & Steeves, J. K. E. (2022) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.2491 · Cited by 7
Accelerated theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation of the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in a patient with post-traumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder: Case report
Chang, C.-H., Liu, C.-Y., Chen, S.-J., & Tsai, H.-C. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1061088 · Cited by 5
Intermittent theta burst stimulation and functional connectivity in people living with HIV/AIDS who smoke tobacco cigarettes: a preliminary pilot study
Rakesh, G., Adams, T. G., Morey, R. A., Alcorn, J. L., Khanal, R., Su, A. E., Himelhoch, S. S., & Rush, C. R. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1315854 · Cited by 4
Randomised controlled trial comparing different intersession intervals of intermittent theta burst delivered to the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex
Goodman, M. S., Schulze, L., Daskalakis, Z. J., Konstantinou, G., Mansouri, F., Trevizol, A. P., Blumberger, D. M., & Downar, J. H. (2024) · BMJ Mental Health · doi:10.1136/bmjment-2024-301290 · Cited by 5
Exploring the Influence of Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Intermittent Theta‐Burst Stimulation on Working Memory Load: An EEG Study in Healthy Participants
Li, Y., Ding, Q., Chen, J., Huang, Y., Yao, S., Chen, Z., Lan, Y., & Xu, G. (2025) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.70486 · Cited by 5
Proximity to an SGC-DLPFC Individualized Functional Target and outcomes in large rTMS clinical trials for Treatment-Resistant DepressionPreprint
Gregory, E., Siddiqi, S., Fox, M., Blumberger, D. M., Downar, J. H., Daskalakis, Z. J., Dunlop, K., & Vila‐Rodriguez, F. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.07.09.662866 · Cited by 5
Accelerated rTMS: Complexities and clinical translation
Fitzgerald, P. B., Lagopoulos, J., & Che, X. (2026) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2026.103057 · Cited by 4
Effect of Sequential Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation With Bilateral Arm Training on the Brain Effective Connectivity in Chronic Stroke
Li, W., Cao, P., Wei, R., & Wong, D. W. (2025) · Journal of Biophotonics · doi:10.1002/jbio.202400508 · Cited by 4
Fourth European stroke science workshop
Debette, S., Strbian, D., Wardlaw, J. M., van der Worp, H. B., Rinkel, G. J. E., Caso, V., Dichgans, M., Co-convenors, O. B. O. T. E. S. S. W. P. A., & Universitätsmedizin Berlin, B. (2018) · European Stroke Journal · doi:10.1177/2396987318774443 · Cited by 6
The effect of high-dose accelerated continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) treatment on auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH): A pilot study
Liu, X., Xu, L., Jian, G., Ye, Q., Jin, G., & Zhou, D. (2023) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115337 · Cited by 4
Modulating motor cortex plasticity via cortical and peripheral somatosensory stimulation
Bao, S., & Lei, Y. (2025) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00600.2024 · Cited by 4
Expectations related to the use of theta burst stimulation protocols for pain relief. A systematic review
Mussigmann, T., Bardel, B., & Lefaucheur, J. (2025) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2025.2110768 · Cited by 4
Neurophysiological Bases and Mechanisms of Action of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Lazzaro, V. D., & Falato, E. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-43356-7_2 · Cited by 4
Short-term facilitation effects elicited by cortical priming through theta burst stimulation and functional electrical stimulation of upper-limb muscles
Cao, N., Sasaki, A., Yuasa, A., Popović, M. R., Milosevic, M., & Nakazawa, K. (2022) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-022-06353-3 · Cited by 5
Repeated spaced paired-associative stimulation to the parietal-motor pathway maintains corticomotor excitability in older adults
Goldenkoff, E. R., Deluisi, J. A., Brissenden, J. A., Lee, T. G., Polk, T. A., Taylor, S. F., Hampstead, B. M., & Vesia, M. (2025) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2025.03.003 · Cited by 3
Plasticity of interhemispheric motor cortex connectivity induced by brain state-dependent cortico-cortical paired-associative stimulation
Ermolova, M., Kozák, G., Belardinelli, P., & Ziemann, U. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-20294-1 · Cited by 3
Females have shorter scalp-to-cortex distances and receive stronger TMS electrical fields: Implications for clinical treatment
McCalley, D. M., Cadicamo, N. J., Weijerman, F., Tenekedjieva, L., Initiative, A. D. N., Knutson, B. D., & Padula, C. B. (2025) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-025-02299-6 · Cited by 5
The effectiveness of non-invasive brain stimulation in treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD): a systematic review and transfer analysis
Nejati, V., Khorrami, A. S., Vaziri, Z., Shahri, F., Yazdchi, M., Abdolmanafi, V., Paydarfard, S., & Golshan, A. (2024) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-024-02852-5 · Cited by 3
Efficacy of twice-daily high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on associative memory
Hua, Q., Zhang, Y., Li, Q., Gao, X., Du, R., Wang, Y., Zhou, Q., Zhang, T., Sun, J., Zhang, L., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.973298 · Cited by 3

Authors: Nettekoven, C., Volz, L. J., Kutscha, M., Pool, E.-M., Rehme, A. K., Eickhoff, S. B., Fink, G. R., & Grefkes, C.
Affiliations: Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research (DE)
Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
ORCID: Nettekoven, Charlotte
Volz, Lukas J.
Pool, Eva-Maria
Eickhoff, Simon B.
Fink, Gereon R.
Grefkes, Christian
Venue: The Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
Published: 2014-05-14
Volume: 34
Issue: 20
Pages: 6849-6859
ISSN: 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
1529-2401
DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4993-13.2014
PMC: PMC4019799
OpenAlex: W2077740203
Cited by: 264
References: 66
Citations by year: 2026: 25 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6
FWCI: 7.12
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-sa
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ (vor, 184 d)
Locations: Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (LA 3071/3‐1, KFO219-TP8, 816/4-1, 3285/2-1, GR 3285/2‐1, 3071/3-1, KFO-219, EI 816/4–1)
National Institutes of Health (R01-MH074457-01A1, MH074457)
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH074457)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
Keywords: theta burst stimulation, intermittent theta burst stimulation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, dose-dependent effects, cortical excitability, motor evoked potentials, resting-state functional connectivity, primary motor cortex, dorsal premotor cortex, motor system, aftereffects
MeSH terms: Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Cortex, Nerve Net, Neuronal Plasticity, Theta Rhythm, Single-Blind Method, Cross-Over Studies, Evoked Potentials, Motor, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Dose-Dependent Effects of Theta Burst rTMS on Cortical Excitability and Resting-State Connectivity of the Human Motor System

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Figures

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks