Cited by 251Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchPsychedelics and Drug StudiesMemory and Neural Mechanisms

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cannabinoid Modulation of Amygdala Reactivity to Social Signals of Threat in Humans

Open access

Phan, K. Luan, Angstadt, Mike, Golden, Jamie, Onyewuenyi, Ikechukwu, Popovska, Ana, de Wit, Harriet·2008·The Journal of Neuroscience

DOI 10.1523/jneurosci.5603-07.2008PMC PMC2657360

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

The cannabinoid (CB) system is a key neurochemical mediator of anxiety and fear learning in both animals and humans. The anxiolytic effects of Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive ingredient in cannabis, are believed to be mediated through direct and selective agonism of CB 1 receptors localized within the basolateral amygdala, a critical brain region for threat perception. However, little is known about the effects of THC on amygdala reactivity in humans. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and a well validated task to probe amygdala responses to threat signals in 16 healthy, recreational cannabis users after a double-blind crossover administration of THC or placebo. We found that THC significantly reduced amygdala reactivity to social signals of threat but did not affect activity in primary visual and motor cortex. The current findings fit well with the notion that THC and other cannabinoids may have an anxiolytic role in central mechanisms of fear behaviors and provide a rationale for exploring novel therapeutic strategies that target the cannabinoid system for disorders of anxiety and social fear.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1523/jneurosci.5603-07.2008

Cites

63 of 63 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figure 1 THCeffects on self-report measures. Mean 'feel drug' (DEQ) ( A ), 'drug high' (DEQ) ( B ), and 'high' (VAS) ( C ) scores over time after oral administration of THC (solid line; open circles) or PBO (dashed line; closed circles). Means are based on DEQ data from 14 subjects and VAS data from 15 subjects. Error bars represent SEM. * p < 0.05, two-tailed.CC-BY-NC-SA · From the PDF

Figure 2 THC effects on amygdala activation. A , B , Statistical t maps overlaid on a canonical brain rendering (MNI coronal y -plane = 0) showing right lateral amygdala activation to threat ( > nonthreat) faces is present during the PBO session but absent during the THC session. C , Statistical t map overlaid on a canonical brain rendering (MNI coronal y -plane = 0) showing greater threat-related amygdala reactivity in the PBO relative to the THC session (PBO > THC). For additional information, see Results. Statistical t score scale is shown at the bottom of the brain rendering. R, Right.CC-BY-NC-SA · From the PDF

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Automated anatomical labeling of activations in SPM using a macroscopic anatomical parcellation of the MNI MRI single subject brain
Tzourio-Mazoyer, N., Landeau, B., Papathanassiou, D., Crivello, F., Etard, O., Delcroix, N., Mazoyer, B., & Joliot, M. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.0978 · Cited by 16,319
Statistical parametric maps in functional imaging: A general linear approach
Friston, K. J., Holmes, A. P., Worsley, K. J., Poline, J. ‐., Frith, C. D., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1994) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.460020402 · Cited by 9,688
Emotion circuits in the brain
LeDoux, J. E. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155 · Cited by 8,444
Functional neuroanatomy of emotion: A meta-analysis of emotion activation studies in PET and fMRI
Phan, K. L., Wager, T., Taylor, S. F., & Liberzon, I. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1087 · Cited by 3,502
Self-citation
Functional Neuroimaging of Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis of Emotional Processing in PTSD, Social Anxiety Disorder, and Specific Phobia
Etkin, A., & Wager, T. D. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07030504 · Cited by 3,391 · cited 1×
“Amygdala hyperactivity to threatening faces has also consistently been observed in patients with anxiety disorders (Etkin and Wager, 2007).”
Background
The role of the amygdala in fear and anxiety
Davis, M. (1992) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.15.030192.002033 · Cited by 2,357
Masked Presentations of Emotional Facial Expressions Modulate Amygdala Activity without Explicit Knowledge
Whalen, P. J., Rauch, S. L., Etcoff, N. L., McInerney, S. C., Lee, M. B., & Jenike, M. A. (1998) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-01-00411.1998 · Cited by 2,205
A differential neural response in the human amygdala to fearful and happy facial expressions
Morris, J. S., Frith, C. D., Perrett, D. I., Rowland, D., Young, A. W., Calder, A. J., & Dolan, R. J. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/383812a0 · Cited by 2,013
Neural systems for recognizing emotion
Adolphs, R. (2002) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(02)00301-x · Cited by 1,933
The endogenous cannabinoid system controls extinction of aversive memories
Marsicano, G., Wotjak, C. T., Azad, S. C., Bisogno, T., Rammes, G., Cascio, M. G., Hermann, H., Tang, J., Hofmann, C., Zieglgänsberger, W., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00839 · Cited by 1,728

Show all 63 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Walter B Blecker C Kirsch P Sammer G Schlienle A Stark R Vaitl D (2003) Paper presented at Ninth International Conference on Functional Mapping of the Human Brain (June, New York, NY), MARINA: an easy to use tool for the creation of MAsks for Region of INterest Analyses.

Sorted by citations

Opposite Effects of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol on Human Brain Function and Psychopathology
Bhattacharyya, S., Morrison, P. D., Fusar-Poli, P., Martin-Santos, R., Borgwardt, S., Winton-Brown, T., Nosarti, C., O' Carroll, C. M., Seal, M., Allen, P., et al. (2010) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2009.184 · Cited by 680
Oxytocin Attenuates Amygdala Reactivity to Fear in Generalized Social Anxiety Disorder
Labuschagne, I., Phan, K. L., Wood, A., Angstadt, M., Chua, P., Heinrichs, M., Stout, J. C., & Nathan, P. J. (2010) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2010.123 · Cited by 549
Self-citation
Structural and Functional Imaging Studies in Chronic Cannabis Users: A Systematic Review of Adolescent and Adult Findings
Batalla, A., Bhattacharyya, S., Yücel, M., Fusar‐Poli, P., Crippa, J. A. S., Nogué, S., Torrens, M., Pujol, J., Farré, M., & Martín‐Santos, R. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055821 · Cited by 437
Cannabis and anxiety: a critical review of the evidence
Crippa, J. A., Zuardi, A. W., Martín‐Santos, R., Bhattacharyya, S., Atakan, Z., McGuire, P., & Fusar‐Poli, P. (2009) · Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.1048 · Cited by 509
The neurobiology of individual differences in complex behavioral traits
Hariri, A. R. (2009) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.051508.135335 · Cited by 273
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Grieb, M. (2009) · Cited by 276
Central side-effects of therapies based on CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists: focus on anxiety and depression
Moreira, F. A., Grieb, M., & Lutz, B. (2009) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.beem.2008.09.003 · Cited by 277
Reviewing the Potential of Psychedelics for the Treatment of PTSD
Krediet, E., Bostoen, T., Breeksema, J., van Schagen, A., Passie, T., & Vermetten, E. (2020) · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyaa018 · Cited by 260
Divergent Effects of Genetic Variation in Endocannabinoid Signaling on Human Threat- and Reward-Related Brain Function
Hariri, A. R., Gorka, A. X., Hyde, L. W., Kimak, M. A., Halder, I., Ducci, F., Ferrell, R. E., Goldman, D. A., & Manuck, S. B. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.10.047 · Cited by 264
Integrating Endocannabinoid Signaling and Cannabinoids into the Biology and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Hill, M. N., Campolongo, P., Yehuda, R., & Patel, S. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2017.162 · Cited by 250
Common stressful life events and difficulties are associated with mental health symptoms and substance use in young adolescents
Low, N. C. P., Dugas, E. N., O’Loughlin, E. K., Rodriguez, D., Contreras, G. A., Chaiton, M., & O’Loughlin, J. L. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-116 · Cited by 275
The neuropsychopharmacology of cannabis: A review of human imaging studies
Bloomfield, M., Hindocha, C., Green, S. F., Wall, M. B., Lees, R., Petrilli, K., Costello, H., Ogunbiyi, O., Bossong, M. G., & Freeman, T. P. (2018) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.10.006 · Cited by 247
The drug effects questionnaire: psychometric support across three drug types
Morean, M. E., de Wit, H., King, A. C., Sofuoglu, M., Rueger, S. Y., & O’Malley, S. S. (2013) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2954-z · Cited by 252
Effects of MDMA on sociability and neural response to social threat and social reward
Bedi, G., Phan, K. L., Angstadt, M., & de Wit, H. (2009) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1635-z · Cited by 206
Self-citation
Neuroimaging in cannabis use: a systematic review of the literature
Martín‐Santos, R., Fagundo, A. B., Crippa, J. A. S., Atakan, Z., Bhattacharyya, S., Allen, P., Fusar‐Poli, P., Borgwardt, S., Seal, M. L., Busatto, G. F., et al. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291709990729 · Cited by 210
Cannabis-associated psychosis: Neural substrate and clinical impact
Murray, R. M., Englund, A., Abi‐Dargham, A., Lewis, D. A., Forti, M. D., Davies, C., Sherif, M. A., McGuire, P. K., & D’Souza, D. C. (2017) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.06.018 · Cited by 210
Endocannabinoids in Amygdala and Nucleus Accumbens Mediate Social Play Reward in Adolescent Rats
Trezza, V., Damsteegt, R., Manduca, A., Petrosino, S., Van Kerkhof, L. W. M., Pasterkamp, R. J., Zhou, Y., Campolongo, P., Cuomo, V., Di Marzo, V., et al. (2012) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0114-12.2012 · Cited by 190
Acute effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and their combination on facial emotion recognition: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in cannabis users
Hindocha, C., Freeman, T. P., Schäfer, G., Gardener, C., Das, R., Morgan, C. J. A., & Curran, H. V. (2014) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.11.014 · Cited by 192
Orbitofrontal Volumes in Early Adolescence Predict Initiation of Cannabis Use: A 4-Year Longitudinal and Prospective Study
Cheetham, A., Allen, N. B., Whittle, S., Simmons, J. G., Yücel, M., & Lubman, D. I. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.10.029 · Cited by 176
Imaging Genetics and Genomics in Psychiatry: A Critical Review of Progress and Potential
Bogdan, R., Salmeron, B. J., Carey, C. E., Arpana Agrawal, A., Calhoun, V. D., Garavan, H., Hariri, A. R., Heinz, A., Hill, M. N., Holmes, A., et al. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.12.030 · Cited by 174
Altered affective response in marijuana smokers: An FMRI study
Gruber, S. A., Rogowska, J., & Yurgelun-Todd, D. A. (2009) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.06.019 · Cited by 168
Lower circulating endocannabinoid levels in children with autism spectrum disorder
Aran, A. A., Eylon, M., Harel, M., Polianski, L., Nemirovski, A., Tepper, S., Schnapp, A., Cassuto, H., Wattad, N., & Tam, J. (2019) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-019-0256-6 · Cited by 164
Neural responses associated with cue‐reactivity in frequent cannabis users
Cousijn, J., Goudriaan, A. E., Ridderinkhof, K. R., van den Brink, W., Veltman, D. J., & Wiers, R. W. H. J. (2012) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00417.x · Cited by 160
Cannabinoid modulation of prefrontal–limbic activation during fear extinction learning and recall in humans
Rabinak, C. A., Angstadt, M., Lyons, M., Mori, S., Milad, M. R., Liberzon, I., & Phan, K. L. (2013) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2013.09.009 · Cited by 148
Self-citation
Poor decision-making by chronic marijuana users is associated with decreased functional responsiveness to negative consequences
Wesley, M. J., Hanlon, C. A., & Porrino, L. J. (2010) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.10.002 · Cited by 144
Current status of brain imaging in anxiety disorders
Damsa, C., Kosel, M., & Moussally, J. (2009) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e328319bd10 · Cited by 160
Targeting anandamide metabolism rescues core and associated autistic-like symptoms in rats prenatally exposed to valproic acid
Servadio, M., Melancia, F., Manduca, A., di Masi, A., Schiavi, S., Cartocci, V., Pallottini, V., Campolongo, P., Ascenzi, P., & Trezza, V. (2016) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.182 · Cited by 144
Age-related changes in amygdala–frontal connectivity during emotional face processing from childhood into young adulthood
Wu, M., Kujawa, A., Lu, L. H., Fitzgerald, D. A., Klumpp, H., Fitzgerald, K. D., Monk, C. S., & Phan, K. L. (2016) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.23129 · Cited by 130
Self-citation
Cannabinoid facilitation of fear extinction memory recall in humans
Rabinak, C. A., Angstadt, M., Sripada, C. S., Abelson, J. L., Liberzon, I., Milad, M. R., & Phan, K. L. (2013) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.06.063 · Cited by 163
Self-citation
Dose-related effects of delta-9-THC on emotional responses to acute psychosocial stress
Childs, E., Lutz, J. A., & de Wit, H. (2017) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.030 · Cited by 138
Amygdala activity contributes to the dissociative effect of cannabis on pain perception
Lee, M., Ploner, M., Wiech, K., Bingel, U., Wanigasekera, V., Brooks, J. C. W., Menon, D. K., & Tracey, I. (2012) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2012.09.017 · Cited by 136
Oxytocin modulation of amygdala functional connectivity to fearful faces in generalized social anxiety disorder
Gorka, S. M., Fitzgerald, D. A., Labuschagne, I., Hosanagar, A., Wood, A. G., Nathan, P. J., & Phan, K. L. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2014.168 · Cited by 131
Self-citation
Childhood Poverty Predicts Adult Amygdala and Frontal Activity and Connectivity in Response to Emotional Faces
Javanbakht, A., King, A. P. J., Evans, G. W., Swain, J. E., Angstadt, M., Phan, K. L., & Liberzon, I. (2015) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00154 · Cited by 139
Self-citation
Cannabis, a cause for anxiety? A critical appraisal of the anxiogenic and anxiolytic properties
Sharpe, L., Sinclair, J., Kramer, A., de Manincor, M., & Sarris, J. J. (2020) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-020-02518-2 · Cited by 129
Endocannabinoid signals in the control of emotion
Lutz, B. (2009) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2008.12.001 · Cited by 128
Current evidence of cannabinoid‐based analgesia obtained in preclinical and human experimental settings
Lötsch, J., Weyer-Menkhoff, I., & Tegeder, I. (2017) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1148 · Cited by 123
Mitigation of post‐traumatic stress symptoms by Cannabis resin: A review of the clinical and neurobiological evidence
Passie, T., Emrich, H. M., Karst, M., Brandt, S. D., & Halpern, J. H. (2012) · Drug Testing and Analysis · doi:10.1002/dta.1377 · Cited by 117
Corticolimbic brain reactivity to social signals of threat before and after sertraline treatment in generalized social phobia
Phan, K. L., Coccaro, E. F., Angstadt, M., Kreger, K. J., Mayberg, H. S., Liberzon, I., & Stein, M. B. (2013) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.10.003 · Cited by 114
“fMRI Task Brain activation was assessed using a modified version of the Emotional Face Matching Task [EFMT] (30), which has been previously validated and described in our pharmacological fMRI studies in healthy (31) and gSP (32) subjects.”
MethodSelf-citation
Translational evidence for the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in stress-related psychiatric illnesses
Hill, M. N., & Patel, S. (2013) · Biology of Mood & Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1186/2045-5380-3-19 · Cited by 120
Endocannabinoid Signaling in the Control of Social Behavior
Don, W., Allsop, S. A., Tye, K. M., & Piomelli, D. (2017) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2017.04.005 · Cited by 120
Emotion regulation deficits in regular marijuana users
Zimmermann, K., Walz, C., Derckx, R. T., Kendrick, K. M., Weber, B., Doré, B., Ochsner, K. N., Hurlemann, R., & Becker, B. (2017) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.23671 · Cited by 108
Effects of alcohol on brain responses to social signals of threat in humans
Sripada, C. S., Angstadt, M., McNamara, P., King, A. C., & Phan, K. L. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.11.062 · Cited by 101
Self-citation
Is cannabis treatment for anxiety, mood, and related disorders ready for prime time?
Turna, J., Patterson, B. A., & Ameringen, M. V. (2017) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22664 · Cited by 107
Affect and cannabis use in daily life: a review and recommendations for future research
Wycoff, A. M., Metrik, J., & Trull, T. J. (2018) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.001 · Cited by 110
The Association between Regular Cannabis Exposure and Alterations of Human Brain Morphology: An Updated Review of the Literature
Lorenzetti, V., Solowij, N., Fornito, A., Lubman, D. I., & Yücel, M. (2014) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/13816128113199990435 · Cited by 99
CB1 receptor signaling regulates social anxiety and memory
Litvin, Y., Phan, A., Hill, M. N., Pfaff, D. W., & McEwen, B. S. (2013) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.12045 · Cited by 99
Neuroimaging studies of acute effects of THC and CBD in humans and animals: a systematic review
Batalla, A., Crippa, J. A., Busatto, G. F., Guimaraes, F. S., Zuardi, A. W., Valverde, O., Atakan, Z., McGuire, P. K., Bhattacharyya, S., & Martín-Santos, R. (2014) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/13816128113199990432 · Cited by 91
Blunted stress reactivity in chronic cannabis users
Cuttler, C., Spradlin, A., Nusbaum, A. T., Whitney, P. J., Hinson, J. M., & McLaughlin, R. J. (2017) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-017-4648-z · Cited by 99
Anormalidades cognitivas no uso da cannabis
Solowij, N., & Pesa, N. (2010) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/s1516-44462010000500006 · Cited by 91
Anxiety Sensitivity and Distress Intolerance as Predictors of Cannabis Dependence Symptoms, Problems, and Craving: The Mediating Role of Coping Motives
Farris, S. G., Metrik, J., Bonn‐Miller, M. O., Kahler, C. W., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2016) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2016.77.889 · Cited by 96
Residual effects of cannabis use in adolescent and adult brains — A meta-analysis of fMRI studies
Blest‐Hopley, G., Giampietro, V., & Bhattacharyya, S. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.008 · Cited by 93
The endocannabinoid system and emotional processing: A pharmacological fMRI study with ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol
Bossong, M. G., van Hell, H. H., Jager, G., Kahn, R. S., Ramsey, N. F., & Jansma, J. M. (2013) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.06.009 · Cited by 99
Endocannabinoids, cannabinoids and the regulation of anxiety
Petrie, G. N., Nastase, A. S., Aukema, R. J., & Hill, M. N. (2021) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108626 · Cited by 91
Reviewing the Role of the Endocannabinoid System in the Pathophysiology of Depression
Gallego‐Landin, I., García-Baos, A., Castro‐Zavala, A., & Valverde, O. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.762738 · Cited by 85
Acute effects of cannabinoids on symptoms of obsessive‐compulsive disorder: A human laboratory study
Kayser, R. R., Haney, M., Raskin, M., Arout, C. A., & Simpson, H. B. (2020) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.23032 · Cited by 87
Endocannabinoid Signaling in the Etiology and Treatment of Major Depressive Illness
Hillard, C. J., & Liu, Q.-S. (2014) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/13816128113196660735 · Cited by 82
Cannabis and Cognitive Functioning: From Acute to Residual Effects, From Randomized Controlled Trials to Prospective Designs
Bourque, J., & Potvin, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.596601 · Cited by 96
Withdrawal from THC during adolescence: Sex differences in locomotor activity and anxiety
Harte‐Hargrove, L. C., & Dow-Edwards, D. L. (2012) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.02.048 · Cited by 73
Testing the effects of Δ9-THC and D-cycloserine on extinction of conditioned fear in humans
Klumpers, F., Denys, D., Kenemans, J. L., Grillon, C., van der Aart, J., & Baas, J. M. (2012) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881111431624 · Cited by 72
Acute induction of anxiety in humans by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol related to amygdalar cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptors
Bhattacharyya, S., Egerton, A., Kim, E., Rosso, L., Barros, D. A. R., Hammers, A., Brammer, M. J., Turkheimer, F., Howes, O. D., & McGuire, P. K. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14203-4 · Cited by 73
Associations between cannabis use, cannabis use disorder, and mood disorders: longitudinal, genetic, and neurocognitive evidence
Kuhns, L., Kroon, E., Colyer‐Patel, K., & Cousijn, J. (2021) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-021-06001-8 · Cited by 73
Alcohol attenuates amygdala–frontal connectivity during processing social signals in heavy social drinkers: A preliminary pharmaco-fMRI study
Gorka, S. M., Fitzgerald, D. A., King, A. C., & Phan, K. L. (2013) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3090-0 · Cited by 71
Self-citation
Diverse therapeutic developments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) indicate common mechanisms of memory modulation
Raut, S. B., Marathe, P. A., van Eijk, L., Eri, R. D., Ravindran, M., Benedek, D. M., Ursano, R. J., Canales, J. J., & Johnson, L. R. (2022) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108195 · Cited by 74
Electrocortical processing of social signals of threat in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder
MacNamara, A., Post, D., Kennedy, A. E., Rabinak, C. A., & Phan, K. L. (2013) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.08.009 · Cited by 72
Self-citation
Violence and Cannabis Use: A Focused Review of a Forgotten Aspect in the Era of Liberalizing Cannabis
Dellazizzo, L., Potvin, S., Athanassiou, M., & Dumais, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.567887 · Cited by 72
Endocannabinoid System and Exogenous Cannabinoids in Depression and Anxiety: A Review
Hasbi, A., Madras, B. K., & George, S. R. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13020325 · Cited by 69
Cannabis use in early adolescence: Evidence of amygdala hypersensitivity to signals of threat
Spechler, P. A., Orr, C., Chaarani, B., Kan, K., Mackey, S., Morton, A., Snowe, M. P., Hudson, K. E., Althoff, R. R., Higgins, S. T., et al. (2015) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2015.08.007 · Cited by 77
Processing dynamic facial affect in frequent cannabis-users: Evidence of deficits in the speed of identifying emotional expressions
Platt, B., Kamboj, S. K., Morgan, C. J. A., & Curran, H. V. (2010) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.05.004 · Cited by 76
Developmental regulation of fear learning and anxiety behavior by endocannabinoids
Lee, T. T.-Y., Hill, M. N., & Lee, F. S. (2015) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.12253 · Cited by 71
Medical Cannabis in Children
Aran, A. A., & Cayam-Rand, D. (2020) · Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal · doi:10.5041/rmmj.10386 · Cited by 70
Test‐retest reliability of amygdala response to emotional faces
Sauder, C. L., Hajcak, G., Angstadt, M., & Phan, K. L. (2013) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12129 · Cited by 67
Self-citation
Biomarkers for chronic pain and analgesia. Part 2: how, where, and what to look for using functional imaging.
Borsook, D., Becerra, L. R., & Hargreaves, R. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 64
Cannabis, schizophrenia genetic risk, and psychotic experiences: a cross-sectional study of 109,308 participants from the UK Biobank
Wainberg, M., Jacobs, G. R., Forti, M. D., & Tripathy, S. J. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01330-w · Cited by 68
Does Cannabis Cause, Exacerbate or Ameliorate Psychiatric Disorders? An Oversimplified Debate Discussed
Haney, M., & Evins, A. E. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.251 · Cited by 67
Imaging Cognitive Deficits in Drug Abuse
Lundqvist, T. (2009) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2009_26 · Cited by 64
Cannabinoids and glucocorticoids modulate emotional memory after stress
Akirav, I. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.08.002 · Cited by 65
The Effectiveness of Cannabinoids in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A Systematic Review
Hindocha, C., Cousijn, J., Rall, M., & Bloomfield, M. (2019) · Journal of Dual Diagnosis · doi:10.1080/15504263.2019.1652380 · Cited by 65
Acute Effects of Marijuana Smoking on Negative and Positive Affect
Metrik, J., Kahler, C. W., McGeary, J. E., Monti, P. M., & Rohsenow, D. J. (2011) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.25.1.31 · Cited by 67
Psychobiological responses to unpleasant emotions in cannabis users
Somaini, L., Manfredini, M., Amore, M., Zaimovic, A., Raggi, M. A., Leonardi, C., Gerra, M. L., Donnini, C., & Gerra, G. (2011) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-011-0223-5 · Cited by 64
Role of the endocannabinoid system in brain functions relevant for schizophrenia: An overview of human challenge studies with cannabis or ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
Bossong, M. G., Jansma, J. M., Bhattacharyya, S., & Ramsey, N. F. (2014) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.11.017 · Cited by 62
Cannabinoid modulation of corticolimbic activation to threat in trauma-exposed adults: a preliminary study
Rabinak, C. A., Blanchette, A., Zabik, N. L., Peters, C., Marusak, H. A., Iadipaolo, A. S., & Elrahal, F. (2020) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05499-8 · Cited by 57
The Endocannabinoid System and Anxiety
Lisboa, S. F. D. S., Gomes, F. V., Terzian, A. L. B., de Aguiar, D. C., Moreira, F. A., Resstel, L. B. M., & Guimarães, F. S. (2016) · Vitamins and hormones · doi:10.1016/bs.vh.2016.09.006 · Cited by 56
Diminished positive affect and traumatic stress: A biobehavioral review and commentary on trauma affective neuroscience
Fonzo, G. A. (2018) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.10.002 · Cited by 58
Amygdala reactivity is inversely related to level of cannabis use in individuals with comorbid cannabis dependence and major depression
Cornelius, J. R., Aizenstein, H. J., & Hariri, A. R. (2010) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.02.004 · Cited by 54
Effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on evaluation of emotional images
Ballard, M. E., Bedi, G., & de Wit, H. (2012) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881112446530 · Cited by 60
Cannabinoids prevent depressive-like symptoms and alterations in BDNF expression in a rat model of PTSD
Burstein, O., Shoshan, N., Doron, R., & Akirav, I. (2018) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.01.026 · Cited by 54
Increasing pharmacological knowledge about human neurological and psychiatric disorders through functional neuroimaging and its application in drug discovery
Nathan, P. J., Phan, K. L., Harmer, C. J., Mehta, M. A., & Bullmore, E. T. (2013) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2013.11.009 · Cited by 47
Self-citation
Cannabis and cognition: short- and long-term effects
Solowij, N., & Pesa, N. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511706080.009 · Cited by 47
Facial emotion recognition deficits in abstinent cannabis dependent patients
Bayrakçı, A., Sert, E., Zorlu, N., Erol, A., Sarıçiçek, A., & Mete, L. (2014) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.11.008 · Cited by 47
The amygdala: inside and out
Hariri, A. R., & Whalen, P. J. (2011) · F1000 Biology Reports · doi:10.3410/b3-2 · Cited by 51
Cannabinoid Modulation of Fear Extinction Brain Circuits: A Novel Target to Advance Anxiety Treatment
Rabinak, C. A., & Phan, K. L. (2014) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/13816128113199990437 · Cited by 49
Self-citation
Abnormalities in neuroendocrine stress response in psychosis: the role of endocannabinoids
Appiah‐Kusi, E., Leyden, E., Parmar, S. R., Mondelli, V., McGuire, P. K., & Bhattacharyya, S. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291715001786 · Cited by 46
Monoacylglycerol lipase (MGLL) polymorphism rs604300 interacts with childhood adversity to predict cannabis dependence symptoms and amygdala habituation: Evidence from an endocannabinoid system-level analysis.
Carey, C. E., Agrawal, A., Zhang, B., Conley, E. D., Degenhardt, L. J., Heath, A. C., Li, D., Lynskey, M. T., Martin, N. G., Montgomery, G. W., et al. (2015) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000079 · Cited by 47
In utero Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure confers vulnerability towards cognitive impairments and alcohol drinking in the adolescent offspring: Is there a role for neuropeptide Y?
Brancato, A., Castelli, V., Lavanco, G., Marino, R. A. M., & Cannizzaro, C. (2020) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881120916135 · Cited by 47
Cannabinoid Modulation of Amygdala Subregion Functional Connectivity to Social Signals of Threat
Gorka, S. M., Fitzgerald, D. A., de Wit, H., & Phan, K. L. (2014) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyu104 · Cited by 47
Self-citation
Wonder or evil?: Multifaceted health hazards and health benefits of Cannabis sativa and its phytochemicals
Datta, S., Ramamurthy, P. C., Anand, U., Singh, S., Singh, A., Dhanjal, D. S., Dhaka, V., Kumar, S., Kapoor, D., Nandy, S., et al. (2021) · Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.036 · Cited by 46
Abnormal medial prefrontal cortex activity in heavy cannabis users during conscious emotional evaluation
Wesley, M. J., Lile, J. A., Hanlon, C. A., & Porrino, L. J. (2015) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4180-y · Cited by 44
fMRI study of cannabidiol-induced changes in attention control in treatment-resistant epilepsy
Allendorfer, J. B., Nenert, R. E., Bebin, E. M., Gaston, T. E., Grayson, L. E., Hernando, K. A., Houston, J. T., Hansen, B., & Szaflarski, J. P. (2019) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.04.008 · Cited by 39
Effects of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol on aversive memories and anxiety: a review from human studies
Raymundi, A. M., da Silva, T. R., Sohn, J. M. B., Bertoglio, L. J., & Stern, C. A. J. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02813-8 · Cited by 43
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol at Retrieval Drives False Recollection of Neutral and Emotional Memories
Doss, M. K., Weafer, J. J., Gallo, D. A., & de Wit, H. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.04.020 · Cited by 39

Authors: Phan, K. L., Angstadt, M., Golden, J., Onyewuenyi, I., Popovska, A., & de Wit, H.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
Howard University (US)
Amherst College (US)
ORCID: Phan, K. Luan
Angstadt, Mike
Venue: The Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
Published: 2008-03-05
Volume: 28
Issue: 10
Pages: 2313-2319
ISSN: 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
1529-2401
DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5603-07.2008
PMC: PMC2657360
OpenAlex: W2004840573
Cited by: 251
References: 63
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 8.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-sa
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ (vor, 184 d)
Locations: Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Mental Health (MH076198, K23MH076198)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R03DA024197, DA024197, R90DA023425, DA009133, DA023425, R01DA009133, R01DA002812, DA002812)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords: endocannabinoid system, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, THC, amygdala, fear, anxiety, CB1 receptor, anxiolytic effects, cannabis users, fear learning
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Amygdala, Cannabinoids, Double-Blind Method, Fear, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Psychomotor Performance, Social Behavior, Dronabinol

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Cannabinoid Modulation of Amygdala Reactivity to Social Signals of Threat in Humans

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Figures

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks