The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The Concept of Representation
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Representation is fundamentally a relationship of authorization.”
From Who speaks when machines read scripture: boundary-making and interpretive authority in AI-mediated religious knowledge (2026) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“Thereby, actors receiving justifications might be motivated to act as good losers, to accept that they have lost, and move on (e.g., Pitkin 1967;Gutmann and Thompson 1996).”
From Artificial intelligence, transparency, and public decision-making: Why explanations are key when trying to produce perceived legitimacy (2020) · cites this paper as Pitkin 1967
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–900 of 1,009
Transnational Representation in Global Labour Governance and the Politics of Input Legitimacy
Reinecke, J., & Donaghey, J. (2021) · Business Ethics Quarterly · doi:10.1017/beq.2021.27 · Cited by 36
Support for Deliberative mini-Publics among the Losers of Representative Democracy
Pilet, J., Bedock, C., Talukder, D., et al. (2023) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123423000479 · Cited by 35
DO INSTITUTIONS AFFECT CITIZENS' SELECTION INTO POLITICS?
Braendle, T. (2014) · Journal of Economic Surveys · doi:10.1111/joes.12098 · Cited by 35
Clark, R. C., Ochs, H. L., & Frazier, M. (2013) · Public Personnel Management · doi:10.1177/0091026013484570 · Cited by 35
Flexibility: A Tool of Integration or a Restraint on Disintegration?
Wallace, H. S. (2000) · doi:10.1093/0198296401.003.0010 · Cited by 35
Governance, government and the pursuit of sustainability
Weale, A. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511807756.005 · Cited by 35
Fast-Tracked or Boxed In? Informal Politics, Gender, and Women’s Representation in Putin’s Russia
Johnson, J. E. (2016) · Perspectives on Politics · doi:10.1017/s1537592716001109 · Cited by 35
Global Civil Society, the ICC, and Legitimacy in International Criminal Justice
Lohne, K. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316536469.019 · Cited by 35
Fraussen, B., & HALPIN, D. R. (2017) · Public Administration · doi:10.1111/padm.12364 · Cited by 35
Campaign Finance Transparency Affects Legislators’ Election Outcomes and Behavior
Wood, A. K., & Grose, C. R. (2021) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12676 · Cited by 35
Addressing Violence Against Women: The Effect of Women’s Police Stations on Police Legitimacy
Córdova, A., & Kras, H. R. (2019) · Comparative Political Studies · doi:10.1177/0010414019879959 · Cited by 38
“Hence, WPS increase the “compositional similarity between representatives and the represented” (Schwindt-Bayer & Mishler, 2005, p. 407), namely descriptive representation (Pitkin, 1967).”
POLITICAL REPRESENTATION IN COMPARATIVE POLITICS
Powell, G. B. (2004) · xxxx · doi:10.50505/nlmtest4 · Cited by 35
Debating Abortion, Deliberative Reciprocity and Parliamentary Advocacy
Weale, A., Bicquelet, A., & Bara, J. L. (2012) · Political Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9248.2011.00928.x · Cited by 35
Actors of the Common Interest? The Brussels Offices of the Regions
Greenwood, J. (2011) · Journal of European Integration · doi:10.1080/07036337.2011.579749 · Cited by 35
Governance Structures and Political Processes in a Public System: Lessons from Quebec
Contandriopoulos, D., Denis, J., Langley, A., et al. (2004) · Public Administration · doi:10.1111/j.0033-3298.2004.00410.x · Cited by 35
The Difficult Transition from Clientelism to Citizenship: Lessons from Mexico
Fox, J. (1997) · doi:10.1093/0198781830.003.0016 · Cited by 35
Convention Quotas and Communal Representation
Goodin, R. E. (1977) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123400000958 · Cited by 35
Reynolds, A. (1999) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0198295103.003.0004 · Cited by 37
Participation and representation before democracy: petitions and addresses in premodern Britain
Knights, M. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511813146.004 · Cited by 34
THE DEMOCRATIC QUALITIES OF COURTS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THREE ARGUMENTS
Bellamy, R. (2013) · Representation · doi:10.1080/00344893.2013.830485 · Cited by 34
Exploring the agency of Africa in climate change negotiations: the case of REDD+
Atela, J. O., Quinn, C. H., Arhin, A., et al. (2016) · International Environmental Agreements Politics Law and Economics · doi:10.1007/s10784-016-9329-6 · Cited by 34
The Limits of Political Representation
Schweber, H. H. (2016) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055416000137 · Cited by 35
Gender and Structural Inequalities from a Socio-Legal Perspective
Figueroa, E. B., Dabetić, V., Yuste, R. P., & Saeidzadeh, Z. (2023) · Springer textbooks in law · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14360-1_4 · Cited by 51
Single ladies and freedom of speech: gendered explanations for, and effects of, violence in politics
Kosiara‐Pedersen, K. (2023) · European Journal of Politics and Gender · doi:10.1332/251510821x16777808903018 · Cited by 37
Disability and Political Representation
Evans, E., & Reher, S. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192859761.001.0001 · Cited by 36
Ethical Rooms for Maneuver and Their Prospects Vis-à-vis the Current Ethical Food Policies in Europe
Korthals, M. (2008) · Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10806-007-9078-1 · Cited by 33
Territorial and Functional Interest Representation in EU Governance
Knodt, M., Greenwood, J., & Quittkat, C. (2011) · Journal of European Integration · doi:10.1080/07036337.2011.582279 · Cited by 38
The Sociology of Political Representation and Deliberation
Perrin, A. J., & McFarland, K. (2008) · Sociology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9020.2008.00127.x · Cited by 36
Walczak, A., & van der Brug, W. (2012) · European Union Politics · doi:10.1177/1465116512456089 · Cited by 34
Who supports gender quotas in Ireland?
Keenan, L., & McElroy, G. (2016) · Irish Political Studies · doi:10.1080/07907184.2016.1255200 · Cited by 34
Administrative legitimacy and the democratic deficit of the European Union
Murdoch, Z., Connolly, S., & Kassim, H. (2017) · Journal of European Public Policy · doi:10.1080/13501763.2016.1268193 · Cited by 37
de Wilde, P. (2019) · Political Studies · doi:10.1177/0032321719845199 · Cited by 40
“Political representation is often understood as “acting in the interest of the represented, in a manner responsive to them” (Pitkin, 1967: 209).”
Populist Radical Right Party-Voter Policy Representation in Western Europe
Backlund, A., & Jungar, A. (2019) · Representation · doi:10.1080/00344893.2019.1674911 · Cited by 40
McGrath, L. F., Huber, R. A., Bernauer, T., & Koubi, V. (2021) · Comparative Political Studies · doi:10.1177/00104140211024284 · Cited by 36
Politicians' Reading of Public Opinion and its Biases
Walgrave, S., Soontjens, K., & Sevenans, J. (2022) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192866028.001.0001 · Cited by 36
Political shirking and the last term problem: Evidence for a party-administered pension system
Carey, J. M. (1994) · Public Choice · doi:10.1007/bf01053263 · Cited by 34
Social Capital, Racial Diversity, and Equity
Hawes, D. P., & Rocha, R. R. (2011) · Political Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1065912910379231 · Cited by 37
de Groot, M. S., Denters, S. A. H., & Klok, P. (2010) · Local Government Studies · doi:10.1080/03003931003730469 · Cited by 33
The compounding effect: The impact of federalism on the concept of representation
Tuschhoff, C. (1999) · West European Politics · doi:10.1080/01402389908425300 · Cited by 34
Representation and participation in formulating Nepal’s REDD+ approach
Satyal, P., Corbera, E., Dawson, N. M., Dhungana, H., & Maskey, G. (2018) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2018.1473752 · Cited by 34
“Pitkin (1967) defines representation as the activity of making citizens’ voices, opinions and perspectives ‘present’ in policy-making processes and identifies four major types of representation: (1) formalistic representation, i.e. an institutional arrangement preceding or initiating representation…”
Duerst-Lahti, G. (2002) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1023/a:1021435215864 · Cited by 34
Redistricting, region and representation
Morrill, R. L. (1987) · Political Geography Quarterly · doi:10.1016/s0260-9827(87)80003-4 · Cited by 34
Representing Efficiency: Corporatism and Democratic Theory
Magagna, V. V. (1988) · The Review of Politics · doi:10.1017/s0034670500036329 · Cited by 34
Potential Responsiveness in the Bureaucracy: Views of Public Utility Regulation
Gormley, W. T., Hoadley, J. F., & Williams, C. (1983) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1957269 · Cited by 34
The Constituency Motivations of Caucus Membership
Miler, K. C. (2011) · American Politics Research · doi:10.1177/1532673x11407148 · Cited by 23
Hanna Pitkin,The Concept of Representation
Dovi, S. (2015) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198717133.013.24 · Cited by 33
Political Representation and Educational Attainment: Evidence from the Netherlands (1994–2010)
Aaldering, L. (2016) · Political Studies · doi:10.1177/0032321715622788 · Cited by 33
Beauregard, K. (2017) · Political Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1065912917710116 · Cited by 33
Political incorporation in measures of democracy: a missing dimension (and the case of Bolivia)
Wolff, J. (2018) · Democratization · doi:10.1080/13510347.2017.1417392 · Cited by 33
On their own turf? The level-specificity of political trust in multilevel political systems
Proszowska, D., Jansen, G., & Denters, S. A. H. (2021) · Acta Politica · doi:10.1057/s41269-021-00206-7 · Cited by 33
“Pitkin (1967) for example defined responsiveness primarily in procedural terms by focusing on the interactions between citizens and their representatives.”
Rowland, P., Forest, P., Vanstone, M. G., Leslie, M., & Abelson, J. (2023) · SSM - Qualitative Research in Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100342 · Cited by 33
Severs, E., Celis, K., & Meier, P. (2013) · Politics Groups and Identities · doi:10.1080/21565503.2013.816633 · Cited by 34
The law of large districts: How district magnitude affects the quality of political representation
Stadelmann, D., Portmann, M., & Eichenberger, R. (2014) · European Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2014.05.002 · Cited by 34
Are English neighbourhood forums democratically legitimate?
Davoudi, S., & Cowie, P. (2013) · Planning Theory & Practice · doi:10.1080/14649357.2013.851880 · Cited by 33
The Complexity of Descriptive Representation and Bureaucracy: The Case of South Africa
Naff, K. C., & Capers, K. J. (2014) · International Public Management Journal · doi:10.1080/10967494.2014.958804 · Cited by 33
Institutions and Representational Roles in American State Legislatures
Cooper, C. A., & Richardson, L. E. (2006) · State Politics & Policy Quarterly · doi:10.1177/153244000600600203 · Cited by 22
Clientelism and the Utility of the Left-Right Dimension in Latin America
Ruth, S. (2016) · Latin American Politics and Society · doi:10.1111/j.1548-2456.2016.00300.x · Cited by 29
Bektaş, E., & Issever-Ekinci, E. (2018) · Politics & Gender · doi:10.1017/s1743923x18000363 · Cited by 34
“If substantive representation means acting in the interests of those represented (Pitkin 1967), we expect women MPs to substantively represent women as a marginalized group and to sponsor more private bills on issues that are beneficial to women.”
InfluentialPaxton, F. (2019) · Representation · doi:10.1080/00344893.2019.1643771 · Cited by 37
Bedock, C., Bonin, L., Liochon, P., & Schnatterer, T. (2021) · Participations · doi:10.3917/parti.028.0221 · Cited by 36
The Effects of Congruence in Policy Priorities on Satisfaction with Democracy
Reher, S. (2015) · Journal of Elections Public Opinion and Parties · doi:10.1080/17457289.2015.1064436 · Cited by 33
The Confines of Stakeholder Management: Evidence from the Dutch Manufacturing Sector
Heugens, P. P. M. A. R., & van Oosterhout, H. (2002) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1023/a:1020807101387 · Cited by 33
Rosenson, B. (2006) · Political Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/106591290605900411 · Cited by 33
Backstrom, C. H. (1977) · American Politics Research · doi:10.1177/1532673x7700500401 · Cited by 33
Uslaner, E. M., & Weber, R. E. (1983) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.2307/2130330 · Cited by 33
Sacchet, T. (2012) · Revista Estudos Feministas · doi:10.1590/s0104-026x2012000200004 · Cited by 32
Black Legislative Politics in Mississippi
Orey, B. D. (2000) · Journal of Black Studies · doi:10.1177/002193470003000605 · Cited by 32
A Gender Gap in Party Congruence and Responsiveness?
Ferland, B. (2019) · Politics & Gender · doi:10.1017/s1743923x18000818 · Cited by 31
“Keywords: Women’s representation, party congruence, party responsiveness C ongruence between the policy preferences of citizens and elites isconsidered a key characteristic of democracy (Pitkin 1967; Powell 2000).”
Truan, N. (2019) · Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik · doi:10.1515/zaa-2019-0025 · Cited by 32
Congruent with whom? Parties’ issue emphases and voter preferences in welfare politics
Pinggera, M. (2020) · Journal of European Public Policy · doi:10.1080/13501763.2020.1815825 · Cited by 32
Lafont, C., & Urbinati, N. (2024) · doi:10.1093/9780191982903.001.0001 · Cited by 37
The Effects of Race and Gender on the Judicial Ambitions of State Trial Court Judges
Jensen, J. M., & Martinek, W. L. (2008) · Political Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1065912908319574 · Cited by 32
The What, Why’s and How’s of Constituency Service
Arter, D. (2017) · Representation · doi:10.1080/00344893.2017.1396240 · Cited by 32
van der Zwan, R., Lubbers, M., & Eisinga, R. (2018) · Acta Politica · doi:10.1057/s41269-018-0085-1 · Cited by 35
Crises and Responsiveness: Analysing German Preference Formation During the Eurozone Crisis
Degner, H., & Leuffen, D. (2019) · Political Studies Review · doi:10.1177/1478929919864902 · Cited by 35
Dukhanin, V., Feeser, S. A., Berkowitz, S. A., & DeCamp, M. W. (2019) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.12983 · Cited by 32
They don't represent us? Synecdochal representation and the politics of occupy movements
van de Sande, M. (2020) · Constellations · doi:10.1111/1467-8675.12462 · Cited by 35
Introducing the Worldwide Age Representation in Parliaments (WARP) data set
Stockemer, D., & Sundström, A. (2022) · Social Science Quarterly · doi:10.1111/ssqu.13221 · Cited by 32
Introduction: state feminism and the political representation of women
Lovenduski, J. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511490996.002 · Cited by 32
When Territory Matters: Parliamentary Profiles and Legislative Behaviour in Italy (1987–2008)
Marangoni, F., & Tronconi, F. (2011) · Journal of Legislative Studies · doi:10.1080/13572334.2011.617549 · Cited by 32
Bühlmann, M., & Schädel, L. (2012) · Representation · doi:10.1080/00344893.2012.653246 · Cited by 32
NON-ELECTORAL POLITICAL REPRESENTATION: EXPANDING DISCURSIVE DOMAINS
Maia, R. C. M. (2012) · Representation · doi:10.1080/00344893.2012.712547 · Cited by 34
March, J. G. (1997) · PS Political Science & Politics · doi:10.2307/420394 · Cited by 32
Audience Democracy: An Emerging Pattern in Postmodern Political Communication
de Beus, J. (2011) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230294783_2 · Cited by 32
Constitutional Settlements and the Citizen After the Treaty of Amsterdam
Shaw, J. (2000) · doi:10.1093/0198296401.003.0015 · Cited by 32
Diferenças regionais e o êxito relativo de mulheres em eleições municipais no Brasil
Miguel, L. F., & de Queiroz, C. M. (2006) · Revista Estudos Feministas · doi:10.1590/s0104-026x2006000200003 · Cited by 32
EVIDENCE ON ELECTORAL ACCOUNTABILITY IN THE U.S. SENATE: ARE UNFAITHFUL AGENTS REALLY PUNISHED?
Schmidt, A. B., Kenny, L. W., & Morton, R. B. (1996) · Economic Inquiry · doi:10.1111/j.1465-7295.1996.tb01396.x · Cited by 32
Forest, B. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-008044910-4.00795-1 · Cited by 32
Allen, N. J., & Sarmiento-Mirwaldt, K. (2015) · Research & Politics · doi:10.1177/2053168015587567 · Cited by 31
Incorporation is Not Enough: The Agenda Influence of Black Lawmakers in Congressional Committees
Peay, P. C. (2020) · The Journal of Race Ethnicity and Politics · doi:10.1017/rep.2020.18 · Cited by 31
Bienstman, S., Hense, S., & Gangl, M. (2023) · European Journal of Political Research · doi:10.1111/1475-6765.12611 · Cited by 43
Politicians and climate change: A systematic review of the literature
Moore, B., Geese, L., Kenny, J., Dudley, H., Jordan, A., Pascual, A. P. I., Lorenzoni, I., Schaub, S., Enguer, J., & Tosun, J. (2024) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.908 · Cited by 32
Transgender: examining an emerging political identity using three political processes
Murib, Z. (2015) · Politics Groups and Identities · doi:10.1080/21565503.2015.1048257 · Cited by 34
Electing Women to the Dáil: Gender Cues and the Irish Voter
McElroy, G., & Marsh, M. (2011) · Irish Political Studies · doi:10.1080/07907184.2011.619746 · Cited by 31
A sociology of environmental representation
Boström, M., & Uggla, Y. (2016) · Environmental Sociology · doi:10.1080/23251042.2016.1213611 · Cited by 31
Voda, P., & Vodová, P. (2019) · Urban Affairs Review · doi:10.1177/1078087418824671 · Cited by 31
Brazil, N. (2018) · Urban Affairs Review · doi:10.1177/1078087418783609 · Cited by 31
The Significance of Symbolic Representation for Gender Issues in Politics
Lombardo, E., & Meier, P. (2019) · NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research · doi:10.1080/08038740.2019.1660404 · Cited by 44
Gender and parliamentary representation in India: The case of violence against women and children
Kalra, S., & Joshi, D. K. (2020) · Women s Studies International Forum · doi:10.1016/j.wsif.2020.102402 · Cited by 36
Representation through Lived Experience: Expanding Representative Bureaucracy Theory
Merritt, C. C., Farnworth, M. D., Kennedy, S. S., Abner, G., Wright, J. E., & Merritt, B. (2020) · Human Services Organizations Management Leadership & Governance · doi:10.1080/23303131.2020.1797969 · Cited by 34
Metadata
- Authors
- Fenichel Pitkin, H.
- Venue
- University of California Press eBooks
- Publisher
- University of California Press
- Published
- 1967-12-31
- OpenAlex
- W4213160818
- Cited by
- 5,162
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 285 · 2025: 329 · 2024: 401 · 2023: 318 · 2022: 350 · 2021: 284 · 2020: 464 · 2019: 415 · 2018: 243 · 2017: 170 · 2016: 175 · 2015: 120 · 2014: 125 · 2013: 134 · 2012: 123
- FWCI
- 33.02
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- University of California Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Cultural Identity and Representation
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Semiotics and Representation Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Representations and Identity
- Keywords
- representation, concept of representation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
