Physical activity and brain development
Abstract
Brain development is a complex process, and stimuli during this developmental period may modulate the brain's functional maturation and determine its lifelong integrity. Human and animal studies have shown that environmental stimuli such as physical activity habits seem to have a favorable influence on brain development. Research on humans has demonstrated improvement in cognitive performance in the children of women who exercised regularly throughout pregnancy and in individuals who were physically active during childhood and adolescence. Investigations using animal models have also reported that physical activity improves the cognitive function of developing rats. In this review, we will present the neurobiological mechanisms of such effects.
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Academic performance is a distal outcome influenced by multiple intermediate processes, including attention, motivation, emotional state, fatigue, and knowledge retention.
“Academic performance is a distal outcome influenced by multiple intermediate processes, including attention, motivation, emotional state, fatigue, and knowledge retention [50].”
From Effect of classroom physical activity breaks on learning behaviors and academic achievements in university students: a systematic review (2026) · cites this paper as [50]
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Physical Activities and Cognitive Functions of Students
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“Academic performance is a distal outcome influenced by multiple intermediate processes, including attention, motivation, emotional state, fatigue, and knowledge retention [50].”
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Physical activity and improvement of physiological parameters by training
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- Authors
- Gomes da Silva, S., & Arida, R. M.
- Venue
- Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-08-09
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1041-1051
- ISSN
- 1473-7175 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-8360
- OpenAlex
- W1934949413
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 0.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Keywords
- physical activity, brain development, cognitive function, exercise during pregnancy, children's physical activity, adolescent physical activity, neurobiological mechanisms, environmental stimuli, functional maturation, rats
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Cognition, Humans, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Exercise
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