Cited by 99Ocular Infections and TreatmentsOcular Diseases and Behçet’s SyndromeImmune Response and Inflammation

Müller Glia in Retinal Innate Immunity: A Perspective on Their Roles in Endophthalmitis

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Kumar, Ashok, Pandey, Rajeev K., Miller, Lindsay J., Singh, Pawan K., Kanwar, Mamta·2013·Critical Reviews in Immunology

Abstract

Muller cells are the predominant glial cell type in the retina and have a unique anatomy, with processes that span the entire retinal thickness. Although extensive morphological and physiological studies of Muller glia have been performed, much less is known about their role in retinal innate immunity, specifically in infectious endophthalmitis. They were found to express toll-like receptors (TLRs), a major family of pattern recognition receptors that mediate innate responses and provide an important mechanism by which Muller glia are able to sense both pathogen- and host-derived ligands in the vitreous and the retina. An increasing body of evidence suggests that TLR-signaling mediates beneficial effects in the retina via production of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines, antimicrobial peptides, and neuroprotective growth factors to restore tissue homeostasis. In this review, we discussed retinal innate immunity in general with emphasis on the role of Muller glia in initiating retinal innate defense.

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Crossref · 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2013006618

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  • Microglial cells are assisted by the complement system, a few resident macrophages and other retinal cells that perform immune surveillance and can act as antigen-presenting cells.

    “Microglial cells are assisted by the complement system, a few resident macrophages and other retinal cells that perform immune surveillance and can act as APCs: Müller glia, astrocytes, or RPE cells [25,26].”

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  1. [70]Shamsuddin N Kumar A TLR2 mediates the innate response of retinal Muller glia to Staphylococcus aureus. J Immunol 2011 186 7089 7097 21602496 PMC3110513

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Authors
Kumar, A., Pandey, R. K., Miller, L. J., Singh, P. K., & Kanwar, M.
Affiliations
Wayne State University (US)
Corresponding author
Kumar, Ashok
Venue
Critical Reviews in Immunology
Publisher
Begell House
Published
2013
Volume
33
Issue
2
Pages
119-135
ISSN
  • 0197-3355 (ISSN-L)
  • 1040-8401
OpenAlex
W2054162710
Cited by
99
References
126
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5
FWCI
6.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Critical Reviews in Immunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Eye Institute (R01EY019888)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Infections and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Keywords
Müller cells, infectious endophthalmitis, Toll-like receptors, pattern recognition receptors, Toll-like receptor signaling, inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, antimicrobial peptides, retinal homeostasis, vitreous humor
MeSH terms
Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Neuroglia, Endophthalmitis, Retina, Inflammation Mediators, Toll-Like Receptors, Host-Pathogen Interactions

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