Micrometastasis of endometriosis to distant organs in a murine model
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// Elham N. Samani 1 , Ramanaiah Mamillapalli 1 , Fei Li 1 , Levent Mutlu 1 , Demetra Hufnagel 1 , Graciela Krikun 1 and Hugh S. Taylor 1 1 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Connecticut 06510, New Haven, USA Correspondence to: Ramanaiah Mamillapalli, email: ramana.mamillapalli@yale.edu Keywords: endometriosis, micrometastasis, DsRed cells, metastasis, mice Received: January 13, 2017 Accepted: March 30, 2017 Epub: April 06, 2017 Published: March 19, 2019 ABSTRACT Endometriosis is an inflammatory gynecological disorder among reproductive-aged women caused by the engraftment and proliferation of endometrial cells outside the uterus, most commonly in the pelvis. It is thought that the disease arises primarily from retrograde menstruation where cells from the endometrium travel through the fallopian tubes to the peritoneal cavity. However, migration of endometriosis-derived cells to distant organs outside of the peritoneal cavity have not been explored. In the present study, we developed and validated a mouse model of disseminated endometriosis using syngeneic DsRed endometrial tissue introduced into the peritoneum of immunocompetent mice. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis, demonstrated the presence of endometriosis-derived cells in multiple organs (including lung, spleen, liver and brain) in the murine endometriosis model. Immunostaining revealed the presence of DsRed + /CD45 − cells in brain, liver and lung. Engraftment occurred in all experimental animals examined. Cells from endometriotic lesions are capable of migration to and engraftment of multiple organs outside of the peritoneal cavity. Micrometastasis of endometriosis is a novel and frequent phenomenon. These data suggest that widespread dissemination of endometriosis may be common, clinically unrecognized and contribute to the diffuse clinical manifestations of this disease.
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In immunocompetent mouse models inoculated with endometrial tissue in the peritoneum, disseminated endometriosis in multiple organs was exhibited.
“Recently, Samani et al. demonstrated that all of their immunocompetent mouse models exhibited disseminated endometriosis in multiple organs after being inoculated with endometrial tissue in the peritoneum.”
From Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review and Multidisciplinary Approach to Management (2024) · cites this paper as [41]
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Rethinking mechanisms, diagnosis and management of endometriosis
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- Authors
- Samani, E. N., Mamillapalli, R., Li, F., Mutlu, L., Hufnagel, D., Krikun, G., & Taylor, H. S.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mamillapalli, Ramanaiah
- ORCID
- Venue
- Oncotarget
- Publisher
- Impact Journals, LLC
- Published
- 2017-04-06
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 2282-2291
- ISSN
- 1949-2553 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6481344
- OpenAlex
- W2605342745
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 2.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Oncotarget (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD076422)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
- Keywords
- endometriosis, micrometastases, syngeneic mouse model, peritoneal implantation, retrograde menstruation, liver, lung, spleen, immunocompetent mice
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