An empirical evaluation of an expanded nursing stress scale
Abstract
In the study of work-related stress among nurses, the Nursing Stress Scale (NSS) is the best known and most widely used scale. This article presents an overview of the NSS and its use, and describes the development of an expanded instrument (ENSS) to measure sources and frequency of stress perceived by nurses. Findings are based on a random sample of 2,280 nurses in Ontario working in a wide range of work settings. Pretests for the study indicated that an expanded version of the NSS was necessary in order to adequately measure sources of stress among nurses. The sources of stress comprised nine subscales—death and dying, conflict with physicians, inadequate preparation, problems with peers, problems with supervisors, workload, uncertainty concerning treatment, patients and their families, and discrimination. Confirmatory factor analyses, run on two randomly selected halves of the sample, came close to meeting standard criteria levels. The alpha coefficients of eight of the subscales were .70 or higher, and concurrent and construct validity assessments provided strong support for the expanded NSS.
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- Authors
- French, S. E., Lenton, R., Walters, V., & Eyles, J.
- Affiliations
- McMaster University (CA)
- ORCID
- Eyles, John
- Venue
- Journal of Nursing Measurement
- Publisher
- Springer Publishing Company
- Published
- 2000-06
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 161-178
- ISSN
- 1061-3749 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7049
- OpenAlex
- W237649652
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 1.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Nursing Measurement (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Bowel and Cancer Research
- Sarcoma UK
- European Society of Coloproctology
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR16.136.79)
- Bowel Disease Research Foundation
- Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery of Great Britain and Ireland
- Vascular Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Leadership and Management › Healthcare Education and Workforce Issues
- Keywords
- Nursing Stress Scale, Expanded Nursing Stress Scale, nurse stress, occupational stress, nurses, scale development, psychometric validation, factor structure, stressors, workload, nurse-physician conflict, discrimination, death and dying, supervisor-employee relations, peer relationships
- MeSH terms
- Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Nurses, Occupational Diseases, Ontario, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Stress, Psychological, Reproducibility of Results
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