Training Problem Solving and Organizational Skills in Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder in adolescence and results severe impairment. Few psychosocial interventions aim at ADHD in adolescence and are rarely evaluated in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Therefore, an intervention combining adolescent-directed problem-solving and organizational skills training with behavioral parent and teacher training has been developed. Its efficacy in comparison to waiting list and active controls is reported. One hundred thirteen adolescents (mean age = 13.99 years) with ADHD were randomly assigned to the training, a waiting list or an active control condition (progressive muscle relaxation [PMR]). Parents and teachers rated ADHD symptoms, academic enablers, and comorbid problems before and after. Results: The training significantly reduced ADHS symptoms and parent- and teacher-rated internalizing problems and increased teacher rated academic enablers compared to waiting list controls. Compared to active controls, results were in the range of small nonsignificant effects. A skills training is an efficacious treatment for adolescent ADHD, however, not significantly superior to PMR. Contrasts between both interventions need to be further investigated.
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In five of the six trials with a non-active control condition (waiting-list control group), participants in the intervention group showed stronger post-treatment improvements in ADHD symptoms compared with participants in the control group.
“In five of the six trials with a non-active control condition (waiting-list control group), participants in the intervention group showed stronger post-treatment improvements in ADHD-symptoms compared with participants in the control group [62,63,64,65,73,74].”
From Treatment of Adolescents with Concurrent Substance Use Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review (2021) · cites this paper as [65]
Five studies examined psychosocial interventions provided to students with ADHD in a school setting and eight studies tested psychosocial interventions in a clinical setting.
“Five studies examined psychosocial interventions provided to students with ADHD in a school setting [62,63,64,65,66] and eight studies tested psychosocial interventions in a clinical setting [67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74].”
From Treatment of Adolescents with Concurrent Substance Use Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review (2021) · cites this paper as [65]
Seven of the nine studies that included an active control condition did not find any differences in ADHD symptom ratings between the intervention and the control treatment.
“In contrast, seven of the nine studies that included an active control condition (e.g., treatment as usual) did not find any differences in ADHD symptom ratings between the intervention and the control treatment [65,67,68,69,70,71,72].”
From Treatment of Adolescents with Concurrent Substance Use Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review (2021) · cites this paper as [65]
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Özgen, H., Spijkerman, R., Noack, M., Holtmann, M., Schellekens, A., Dalsgaard, S., van den Brink, W., & Hendriks, V. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10173908 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
- Authors
- Schramm, S. A., Hennig, T., & Linderkamp, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Potsdam (DE)
- Universität Hamburg (DE)
- University of Wuppertal (DE)
- Venue
- Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology
- Publisher
- Springer Publishing Company
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 391-411
- ISSN
- 1810-7621 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-8959
- OpenAlex
- W2589055465
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 0.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, adolescents, problem-solving training, parent training, teacher professional development, psychosocial interventions, internalizing problems, progressive muscle relaxation, waitlist control
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