Do mental health mobile apps work: evidence and recommendations for designing high-efficacy mental health mobile apps
Open accessAbstract
Smartphone-based mental health apps represent a unique opportunity to expand the availability and quality of mental health treatment. The number of mobile health (mHealth) apps focused on mental health has rapidly increased; a 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) survey of 15,000 mHealth apps revealed that 29% focus on mental health diagnosis, treatment, or support (1).
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Smartphone-delivered interventions differ in their design, content presentation, usability, and other user experience aspects.
“Smartphone-delivered interventions also differ in their design, content presentation (e.g., text- or video-based), usability, and other user experience aspects (cf. Chandrashekar, 2018).”
From Smartphone-delivered mental health care interventions for refugees: A systematic review of the literature (2023) · cites this paper as Chandrashekar, 2018
The “Why apps: the utility of mental health apps for psychological treatment” section says mental health apps vary in design and functionality. “Simple user interface (UI) and experience” discusses interface design and pictures versus text, supporting variation in presentation and user experience, but our copy does not substantiate the specific text-versus-video example. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredWhen an application was combined with face-to-face or internet-based therapy, the effect was even greater.
“When the application was combined with face-to-face or internet-based therapy, the effect was even greater [15].”
From A Review of Current Digital Mental Health Care Applications for Anxiety Symptoms and Future Prospects (2024) · cites this paper as [15]
Mobile health technology has been growing in popularity to minimize some barriers to traditional mental healthcare.
“Mobile health (mHealth) technology has been growing in popularity to minimize some barriers to traditional mental healthcare [8,9].”
From Analysis of Mobile App-Based Mental Health Solutions for College Students: A Rapid Review (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
Synthesizing a standard systematic review typically takes significant time and fails to capture emerging issues.
“Synthesizing a standard systematic review, which is best suited to assess well-established topics, typically takes significant time to evaluate and analyze at least ten years of literature; therefore, fails to capture emerging issues.”
From Analysis of Mobile App-Based Mental Health Solutions for College Students: A Rapid Review (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
The section ‘Do they work: evidence for using mental health apps for treatment’ discusses gaps in evidence about app efficacy, and the References list includes a systematic review. Neither addresses how long a standard systematic review takes, a ten-year literature window, or whether such reviews miss emerging issues; searches for those terms found no supporting passage in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA rapid review speeds up the systematic review process by omitting stages, making it less rigorous and precise.
“A rapid review speeds up the systematic review process by omitting stages of the systematic review making it less rigorous and precise [8,9].”
From Analysis of Mobile App-Based Mental Health Solutions for College Students: A Rapid Review (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
The section ‘Do they work: evidence for using mental health apps for treatment’ discusses evidence for mental health apps, not rapid-review methods. Searches for rapid reviews, omitted systematic-review stages, and reduced rigor or precision found no passage in our copy addressing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Do you have depression? A summative content analysis of mental health-related content on TikTok
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- Authors
- Chandrashekar, P.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chandrashekar, Pooja
- ORCID
- Chandrashekar, Pooja
- Venue
- mHealth
- Publisher
- AME Publishing Company
- Published
- 2018-03
- Volume
- 4
- Pages
- 6-6
- ISSN
- 2306-9740 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5897664
- OpenAlex
- W2792516940
- Cited by
- 359
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 70 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 39.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- mHealth (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- mental health apps, mobile health, mobile application, app efficacy, mobile application design, digital mental health interventions, access to mental health care
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