CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 156Treatment of Major DepressionMitochondrial Function and PathologyTryptophan and brain disorders

Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and major depressive disorder

Open access
Tobe, Edward·2013·Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
DOI 10.2147/ndt.s44282PMC PMC3640606
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

There is controversy about depression being a physical illness, in part because a reproducible, sensitive, and specific biologic marker is not available. However, there is evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress may be associated with abnormal brain function and mood disorders, such as depression. This paper reviews selected human and animal studies providing evidence that intracellular mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction in specific brain regions is associated with major depressive disorder. This supports the hypothesis that chronic mitochondrial dysfunction in specific tissues may be associated with depression. Evaluation of mitochondrial dysfunction in specific tissues may broaden the perspective of depression beyond theories about neurotransmitters or receptor sites, and may explain the persistent signs and symptoms of depression.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2147/ndt.s44282

Cites

5 of 5 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Changes in mitochondrial DNA and cell membrane permeability were found in both depression patients and animal models of depression.

    “Changes in mitochondrial DNA and cell membrane permeability were found in both depression patients and animal models of depression [32, 33].”

    From APOE4 genotype exacerbates the depression-like behavior of mice during aging through ATP decline (2021) · cites this paper as [32]

    The Animal studies section reports mtDNA defects in many patients with mood disorder and describes changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability in rats. But the rat experiment was a model of epilepsy, not depression, and the passage concerns a mitochondrial membrane rather than cell membrane permeability. The paper therefore does not establish both changes in both depression patients and animal models of depression. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 34

  1. [2]Hamilton M A rating scale for depression J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1960 23 56 62 14399272 PMC495331
  2. [4]Schildkraut JJ The catecholamine hypothesis of affective disorders: a review of supporting evidence Am J Psychiatry 1965 122 5 509 522 5319766
  3. [5]Onions CT The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology Oxford, UK Oxford University Press 1966
  4. [9]Spät A Szanda G Csordás G Hajnóczky G High- and low-calcium-dependent mechanisms of mitochondrial calcium signaling Cell Calcium 2008 44 1 51 63 18242694 PMC2662195
  5. [10]Baudouin SV Saunders D Tiangyou W Mitochondrial DNA and survival after sepsis: a prospective study Lancet 2005 366 9503 2118 2121 16360789
  6. [11]Gould GW Holman GD The glucose transporter family: structure, function and tissue-specific expression Biochem J 1993 295 Pt 2 329 341 8240230 PMC1134886
  7. [12]Rigucci S Serafini G Pompili M Kotzalidis GD Tatarelli R Anatomical and functional correlates in major depressive disorder: the contribution of neuroimaging studies World J Biol Psychiatry 2010 11 2 Pt 2 165 180 19670087
  8. [13]Drevets WC Functional neuroimaging studies of depression: the anatomy of melancholia Annu Rev Med 1998 49 341 361 9509268
  9. [14]Bremner JD Vythilingam M Vermetten E Reduced volume of orbitofrontal cortex in major depression Biol Psychiatry 2002 51 4 273 279 11958777
  10. [15]Schmahmann JD Disorders of the cerebellum: ataxia, dysmetria of thought, and the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2004 16 3 367 378 15377747
  11. [16]DelBello MP Strakowski SM Zimmerman ME Hawkins JM Sax KW MRI analysis of the cerebellum in bipolar disorder: a pilot study Neuropsychopharmacology 1999 21 1 63 68 10379520
  12. [17]Tobe EH Behavioral effects of incomplete temporal lobe necrosis and cerebellar damage Biol Psychiatry 2012 71 9 e41 e42 22305977
  13. [19]Rajkowska G Miguel-Hidalgo JJ Wei J Morphometric evidence for neuronal and glial prefrontal cell pathology in major depression Biol Psychiatry 1999 45 9 1085 1098 10331101
  14. [20]Cotter D Mackay D Landau S Kerwin R Everall I Reduced glial cell density and neuronal size in the anterior cingulate cortex in major depressive disorder Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001 58 6 545 553 11386983
  15. [21]Gabay S Achee FM Mentes G Some parameters affecting the activity of monoamine oxidase in purified bovine brain mitochondria J Neurochem 1976 27 2 415 424 9476
  16. [22]Gao X Xu X Pang J NMDA receptor activation induces mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and apoptosis in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes Physiol Res 2007 56 5 559 569 16925458
  17. [23]Lee HM Reed J Greeley GH Jr Englander EW Impaired mitochondrial respiration and protein nitration in the rat hippocampus after acute inhalation of combustion smoke Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009 235 2 208 215 19133281 PMC2967486
  18. [24]Lee HM Greeley GH Herndon DN Sinha M Luxon BA Englander EW A rat model of smoke inhalation injury: influence of combustion smoke on gene expression in the brain Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005 208 3 255 265 15893353
  19. [25]Lee HM Greeley GH Jr Englander EW Transgenic overexpression of neuroglobin attenuates formation of smoke-inhalation-induced oxidative DNA damage, in vivo, in the mouse brain Free Radic Biol Med 2011 51 12 2281 2287 22001746 PMC3241998
  20. [26]Wu S Zhou F Zhang Z Xing D Mitochondrial oxidative stress causes mitochondrial fragmentation via differential modulation of mitochondrial fission-fusion proteins FEBS J 2011 278 6 941 954 21232014
  21. [27]Magariños AM McEwen BS Flügge G Fuchs E Chronic psychosocial stress causes apical dendritic atrophy of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons in subordinate tree shrews J Neurosci 1996 16 10 3534 3540 8627386 PMC6579123
  22. [28]McEwen BS Glucocorticoids, depression, and mood disorders: structural remodeling in the brain Metabolism 2005 54 5 Suppl 1 20 23 15877308
  23. [29]Kudin AP Debska-Vielhaber G Vielhaber S Elger CE Kunz WS The mechanism of neuroprotection by topiramate in an animal model of epilepsy Epilepsia 2004 45 12 1478 1487 15571505
  24. [30]Kudin AP Kudina TA Seyfried J Seizure-dependent modulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in rat hippocampus Eur J Neurosci 2002 15 7 1105 1114 11982622
  25. [31]Milhavet O McMahon HE Rachidi W Prion infection impairs the cellular response to oxidative stress Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000 97 25 13937 13942 11095725 PMC17679
  26. [32]Rasheed N Ahmad A Al-Sheeha M Alghasham A Palit G Neuroprotective and anti-stress effect of A68930 in acute and chronic unpredictable stress model in rats Neurosci Lett 2011 504 2 151 155 21945949
  27. [33]Jou SH Chiu NY Liu CS Mitochondrial dysfunction and psychiatric disorders Chang Gung Med J 2009 32 4 370 379 19664343
  28. [34]Gardner A Boles RG Beyond the serotonin hypothesis: mitochondria, inflammation and neurodegeneration in major depression and affective spectrum disorders Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011 35 3 730 743 20691744
  29. [36]Berrios GE “Depressive pseudodementia” or “melancholic dementia”: a 19th century view J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985 48 5 393 400 3889224 PMC1028324
  30. [37]Mairet A BMJ 1935 2 3908 1078 PMC2461797 20779537
  31. [38]Paré D Role of the basolateral amygdala in memory consolidation Prog Neurobiol 2003 70 5 409 420 14511699
  32. [39]Zimmermann K Leidl C Kaschka M Central projection of pain arising from delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in human subjects PLoS One 2012 7 10 e47230 23056613 PMC3466236
  33. [40]Peyron R Laurent B García-Larrea L Functional imaging of brain responses to pain. A review and meta-analysis (2000) Neurophysiol Clin 2000 30 5 263 288 11126640
  34. [41]Peyron R García-Larrea L Grégoire MC Parietal and cingulate processes in central pain. A combined positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of an unusual case Pain 2000 84 1 77 87 10601675

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Tobe, E.
Affiliations
Cooper Medical School of Rowan University (US)
Corresponding author
Tobe, Edward
Venue
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2013-04
Volume
9
Pages
567
ISSN
1176-6328 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2147/ndt.s44282
PMC
PMC3640606
OpenAlex
W2038183514
Cited by
156
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3
FWCI
7.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Keywords
mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, major depressive disorder, depression, brain metabolism, mood disorders, biomarkers

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review