Cited by 245Mitochondrial Function and PathologyParkinson's Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsCoenzyme Q10 studies and effects

The many roads to mitochondrial dysfunction in neuroimmune and neuropsychiatric disorders

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Morris, Gerwyn, Berk, Michael·2015·BMC Medicine

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial dysfunction and defects in oxidative metabolism are a characteristic feature of many chronic illnesses not currently classified as mitochondrial diseases. Examples of such illnesses include bipolar disorder, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, depression, autism, and chronic fatigue syndrome. DISCUSSION: While the majority of patients with multiple sclerosis appear to have widespread mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired ATP production, the findings in patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, autism, depression, bipolar disorder schizophrenia and chronic fatigue syndrome are less consistent, likely reflecting the fact that these diagnoses do not represent a disease with a unitary pathogenesis and pathophysiology. However, investigations have revealed the presence of chronic oxidative stress to be an almost invariant finding in study cohorts of patients afforded each diagnosis. This state is characterized by elevated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and/or reduced levels of glutathione, and goes hand in hand with chronic systemic inflammation with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. SUMMARY: This paper details mechanisms by which elevated levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species together with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines could conspire to pave a major road to the development of mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired oxidative metabolism seen in many patients diagnosed with these disorders.

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  • These pleiotropic effects indicate that coenzyme Q10 may hold promise as a cognitive enhancer for neuro-immune diseases in which mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathophysiological hallmark, including but not limited to major depressive disorder.

    “These pleiotropic effects indicate that CoQ10 may hold promise as a cognitive enhancer for neuro-immune diseases in which mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathophysiological hallmark, including but not limited to MDD [182].”

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  1. [379]Rajasekaran A, Venkatasubramanian G, Berk M, Debnath M. Mitochondrial dysfunction in schizophrenia: Pathways, mechanisms and implications. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 2015;48:10–21. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.11.005. 25446950 · DOI

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Authors
Morris, G., & Berk, M.
Affiliations
The Royal Melbourne Hospital (AU)
Corresponding author
Morris, Gerwyn
Venue
BMC Medicine
Published
2015-04-01
Volume
13
Issue
1
Pages
68-68
ISSN
1741-7015 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1978853745
Cited by
245
References
508
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 4
FWCI
14.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • BMC Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
National Health and Medical Research Council (1059660)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects
Keywords
mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative metabolism, neuroimmunological diseases, neuropsychiatric disorders, chronic oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, glutathione, inflammatory cytokines, systemic inflammation, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, depression, autism spectrum disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome
MeSH terms
Autistic Disorder, Mental Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Mitochondria, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson Disease, Schizophrenia, Neuroimmunomodulation, Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Diseases

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