The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Antidepressants and Sleep: A Qualitative Review of the Literature
Abstract
Most antidepressants change sleep; in particular, they alter the physiological patterns of sleep stages recorded overnight with EEG and other physiological measures. These effects are greatest and most consistent on rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and tend to be in the opposite direction to the sleep abnormalities found in major depression, but are usually of greater degree. Reductions in the amount of REM sleep and increases in REM sleep onset latency are seen after taking antidepressants, both in healthy volunteers and in depressed patients. Antidepressants that increase serotonin function by blocking reuptake or by inhibiting metabolism have the greatest effect on REM sleep. The decrease in amount of REM sleep appears to be greatest early in treatment, and gradually diminishes during long-term treatment, except after monoamine oxidase inhibitors when REM sleep is often absent for many months. Sleep initiation and maintenance are also affected by antidepressants, but the effects are much less consistent between drugs. Some antidepressants such as clomipramine and the selective serotonin receptor inhibitors (SSRIs), particularly fluoxetine, are sleep-disturbing early in treatment and some others such as amitriptyline and the newer serotonin 5-HT2-receptor antagonists are sleep promoting. However, these effects are fairly short-lived and there are very few significant differences between drugs after a few weeks of treatment. In general, the objectively measured sleep of depre…
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In the citing paper
“SSRI, SNRI, and TCA are known to induce or exacerbate sleep bruxism and disturb regulation of muscle tone during REM sleep, causing REM sleep without atonia, which may induce or worsen REM Sleep Behavior Disorder [3, 6].”
From Effects of Antidepressants on Sleep (2017) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“SSRI, SNRI, and TCA are known to induce or exacerbate sleep bruxism and disturb regulation of muscle tone during REM sleep, causing REM sleep without atonia, which may induce or worsen REM Sleep Behavior Disorder [3, 6].”
From Effects of Antidepressants on Sleep (2017) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“SSRI, SNRI, and TCA are known to induce or exacerbate sleep bruxism and disturb regulation of muscle tone during REM sleep, causing REM sleep without atonia, which may induce or worsen REM Sleep Behavior Disorder [3, 6].”
From Effects of Antidepressants on Sleep (2017) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“Increases in the availability of serotonin and noradrenaline appear to be associated with the suppression of REM sleep, but also with increases in sleep fragmentation (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005).”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Clomipramine is associated with the most potent serotonin reuptake inhibition of all the TCAs (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005).”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Increases in the availability of serotonin and noradrenaline appear to be associated with the suppression of REM sleep, but also with increases in sleep fragmentation (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005).”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“5-HT1A stimulation may be associated with REM sleep suppression; 5-HT2 agonism may be related to sleep disturbance.”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Blockade of the other receptor sites (α1-adrenoceptors and histamine H1) may facilitate sleep promotion (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005).”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“5-HT1A stimulation may be associated with REM sleep suppression; 5-HT2 agonism may be related to sleep disturbance.”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“It is also associated with less serotonin reuptake inhibition than most other TCAs.”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Blockade of the other receptor sites (α1-adrenoceptors and histamine H1) may facilitate sleep promotion (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005).”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“The blockade of histamine H1 receptors may be related to sleep promotion (Haas and Panula, 2003), but the evidence for an effect on REM sleep or SWS is weak (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005).”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Unlike other TCAs, desipramine is not associated with α1-adrenoceptor blockade (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005), which may explain why it does not promote sleep as well.”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Unlike other TCAs, which are associated with REM suppression, trimipramine is not associated with the reuptake inhibition of serotonin (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005).”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Inhibition of α2-adrenoceptors autoreceptors increases availability of noradrenaline, and therefore may be associated with fragmentation of sleep.”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Inhibition of α2-adrenoceptors autoreceptors increases availability of noradrenaline, and therefore may be associated with fragmentation of sleep.”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“However, trazodone has also shown to suppress REM sleep in some studies (Mouret et al., 1988), which seems at odds with the relative lack of serotonin reuptake antagonism and the inhibition of 5-HT1A (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005).”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Increases in these monoamines are related to REM suppression and sleep fragmentation (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005).”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Both actions have been associated with REM suppression and sleep disruption (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005).”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“It is not associated with REM suppression, as might be expected (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005), The blockade of α1-adrenoceptor sites, and the 5-HT2 receptor probably underlie the beneficial effects on sleep continuity that have been observed.”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
In the citing paper
“Mianserin is an antagonist at α1-adrenoceptor sites and 5-HT2 receptors, which may promote sleep but also with inhibition of the α2-adrenoceptor, and with moderate inhibition of noradrenaline reuptake (Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005), which may fragment sleep and suppress REM sleep.”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Wilson and Argyropoulos, 2005
Citations
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Cited by
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Wilson, S., & Argyropoulos, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wilson, Sue
- Venue
- Drugs
- Published
- 2005
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 927-947
- ISSN
- 0012-6667 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W145630688
- Cited by
- 392
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 2.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Drugs (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- antidepressants, sleep, REM sleep, REM sleep deprivation, major depressive disorder, sleep disorders, serotonin, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, clomipramine, amitriptyline, 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, REM sleep behavior disorder, night terrors
- MeSH terms
- Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Sleep, Sleep Stages
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