Cited by 398Diabetes Treatment and ManagementDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsDiabetes Management and Research

Type-2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease

Henning, Robert J·2018·Future Cardiology

Abstract

The global prevalence of diabetes has risen in adults from 4.7% in 1980 to 8.5% in 2014. 90-95% of adults with diabetes have Type 2 diabetes (T2D). This paper focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of T2D patients who have or are at risk for cardiovascular disease. Hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and excess fatty acids increase oxidative stress, disrupt protein kinase C signaling and increase advanced glycation end-products that result in vascular inflammation, vasoconstriction, thrombosis and atherogenesis. Intensive T2D treatment produces a ≥10% risk reduction in major macrovascular and microvascular events. Glucose-lowering therapies must be individualized. Metformin is an optimal drug for monotherapy. If hemoglobin A1c is not at goal, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor or a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor should be considered for therapy with metformin. Coronary angioplasty/stenting is recommended for diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarctions. Coronary artery bypass grafting is recommended for symptomatic diabetic patients with multivessel disease.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2217/fca-2018-0045

Cites

110 of 110 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Cardiovascular diseases, involving coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and cerebrovascular disease, are the primary contributors of death and disability in diabetic people.

    “Cardiovascular diseases, involving coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and cerebrovascular disease, are the primary contributors of death and disability in diabetic people (112).”

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1 retracted

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1 of the 111 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

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Authors
Henning, R. J.
Affiliations
University of South Florida (US)
Corresponding author
Henning, Robert J
Venue
Future Cardiology
Published
2018-11
Volume
14
Issue
6
Pages
491-509
ISSN
  • 1479-6678 (ISSN-L)
  • 1744-8298
OpenAlex
W2900050340
Cited by
398
References
111
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 64 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1
FWCI
3.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Future Cardiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords
type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products, atherogenesis, vascular inflammation, tight glycemic control, metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors, DPP-4 inhibitors, coronary angioplasty, coronary stenting, coronary artery bypass grafting, acute myocardial infarction
MeSH terms
Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans

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