Ethnic Differences in Pain and Pain Management
Open accessAbstract
Considerable evidence demonstrates substantial ethnic disparities in the prevalence, treatment, progression and outcomes of pain-related conditions. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying these group differences is of crucial importance in reducing and eliminating disparities in the pain experience. Over recent years, accumulating evidence has identified a variety of processes, from neurophysiological factors to structural elements of the healthcare system, that may contribute to shaping individual differences in pain. For example, the experience of pain differentially activates stress-related physiological responses across various ethnic groups, members of different ethnic groups appear to use differing coping strategies in managing pain complaints, providers' treatment decisions vary as a function of patient ethnicity and pharmacies in predominantly minority neighborhoods are far less likely to stock potent analgesics. These diverse factors, and others may all play a role in facilitating elevated levels of pain-related suffering among individuals from ethnic minority backgrounds. Here, we present a brief, nonexhaustive review of the recent literature and potential physiological and sociocultural mechanisms underlying these ethnic group disparities in pain outcomes.
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A primarily biomedical approach does not address the wholeness of the person experiencing chronic pain or their layered challenges, including socioeconomic and structural inequities and inadvertent consequences of opioid analgesics.
“A primarily biomedical approach does not address the wholeness of the person experiencing chronic pain, nor their layered challenges including socioeconomic and structural inequities and inadvertent consequences of opioid analgesics which may have been prescribed for lack of better options.12-16”
From Remotely Delivered Psychologically Informed Mindful Movement Physical Therapy for Pain Care: A Framework for Operationalization (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
The Abstract and Sociocultural section describe structural healthcare disparities, socioeconomic factors and discrimination that shape pain experiences. The Sociocultural section also mentions lethal opioid overdose as an adverse event. The paper does not assess a primarily biomedical approach or say opioids were prescribed for lack of better options; no page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Chronic pain: a review of its epidemiology and associated factors in population-based studies
Mills, S. E. E., Nicolson, K. P., & Smith, B. H. (2019) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2019.03.023 · Cited by 1,728 · see citing works
Belfer, I., Schreiber, K. L., Shaffer, J. R., Shnol, H., Blaney, K., Morando, A., Englert, D., Greco, C., Brufsky, A., Ahrendt, G., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2013.05.002 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Self-citationGender differences in multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation: the mediating role of pain acceptance
Pester, B. D., Crouch, T. B., Christon, L., Rodes, J., Wedin, S., Kilpatrick, R., Pester, M. S., Borckardt, J., & Barth, K. (2022) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2022.01.002 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Sullivan, M. B., Hill, K., Ballengee, L. A., Knoblach, D., Fowler, C., Haun, J., & Saenger, M. (2023) · Global Advances in Integrative Medicine and Health · doi:10.1177/27536130231209751 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Campbell, C. M., & Edwards, R. R.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Edwards, Robert R
- Venue
- Pain Management
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2012-05
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 219-230
- ISSN
- 1758-1869 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-1877
- PMC
- PMC3654683
- OpenAlex
- W2153747004
- Cited by
- 491
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 97 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 7.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Pain Management (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Health NIH to C Campbell (K23NS070933)
- R Edwards (R21CA120500, R01AG034982)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Competency in Health Care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Keywords
- ethnic disparities, pain, ethnic minorities, stress physiology, coping strategies, sociocultural processes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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