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Practical Recommendations of Scientific Society for the Study of Human Microbiome and the Russian Gastroenterological Association on Use of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics and Functional Foods in Treatment and Prevention of Gastroenterological Diseases in Children and Adults
Open accessAbstract
Aim.The practical guidelines are intended for primary care physicians, general practitioners, paediatricians, gastroenterologists and general internists to advance the treatment and prevention of gastroenterological diseases in adults and children in therapies with probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and their enriched functional foods. Key points.Probiotics are live microorganisms that sustain health of the host when supplied in adequate amounts. Prebiotics include human-indigestible but accessible to gut microbiota substances expediting specific changes in the composition and/or activity of gastrointestinal microbiota that favour the host health. The mechanism of probiotic action comprises the quorum resistance maintenance, nutrient substrate metabolism and end metabolite recycling, macroorganism-sustaining substrate production, as well as the mediation of local and adaptive immune responses. The Russian Federation regulates market differently for biologically active food additives (BAFA), medicinal products (drugs) and functional food products (FFP). We overview the probiotic strains regulated in Russia as BAFAs, drugs and FFPs and provide recommendations on the use of these strains in treatment and prevention of gastroenterological diseases in children and adults. Conclusion.The clinical efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and fortified functional foods depends on the prebiotic and strain properties and is verified in appropriate comparative clinical trials. Not all probiotics registered in Russia as BAFAs, drugs and FFPs have a strain identity, which provides no warranty of the clinical effect expected. The FFP legislation demands improved regulation mechanisms and control for therapeutic efficacy.
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“In the Russian Federation, probiotics registered as medicinal products have the following ATC codes: Saccharomyces boulardii (A07FA02), antidiarrheal microorganisms (A07FA), Lactobacillus (G01AX14), microorganisms producing lactic acid (A07FA01), and microorganisms producing lactic acid in combination with other drugs (A07FA51) [6].”
From Current Concepts in Probiotic Safety and Efficacy (2026) · cites this paper as [6]
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BackgroundSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Ivashkin, V. T., Maev, I. V., Abdulganieva, D. I., Alekseenko, S. A., Gorelov, A. V., Zakharova, I. N., Zolnikova, O. Y., Ivashkina, N. Y., Korochanskaya, N. V., Mammayev, S. N., Poluektova, E. A., Trukhmanov, A. S., Usenko, D. V., Uspensky, Y. P., Tsukanov, V. V., Shifrin, O. S., Berezhnaya, I. V., Ivashkin, K. V., Lapina, T. L., Maslennikov, R. V., Nikolaeva, S. V., Sugyan, N. G., & Ulyanin, A. I.
- Affiliations
- Sechenov University (RU)
- Russian University of Medicine (RU)
- Kazan State Medical University (RU)
- Far Eastern State Medical University (RU)
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education (RU)
- Kuban State Medical University (RU)
- Dagestan State Medical University (RU)
- Sechenov First Moscow State University (Sechenov University)
- Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University (RU)
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RU)
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
- ORCID
- Ivashkin, V. T.
- Maev, I. V.
- Abdulganieva, D. I.
- Alekseenko, S. A.
- Gorelov, A. V.
- Zakharova, I. N.
- Zolnikova, O. Yu.
- Ivashkina, N. Yu.
- Korochanskaya, N. V.
- Mammayev, S. N.
- Poluektova, E. A.
- Trukhmanov, A. S.
- Usenko, D. V.
- Uspensky, Yu. P.
- Tsukanov, V. V.
- Shifrin, O. S.
- Berezhnaya, I. V.
- Ivashkin, K. V.
- Lapina, T. L.
- Maslennikov, R. V.
- Nikolaeva, S. V.
- Sugyan, N. G.
- Ulyanin, A. I.
- Venue
- Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology
- Publisher
- Russian Gastroenterolgocial Society
- Published
- 2021-06-02
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 65-91
- ISSN
- 1382-4376 (ISSN-L)
- 2658-6673
- OpenAlex
- W3165897353
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 7
- FWCI
- 4.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Russian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology Coloproctology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Keywords
- probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, functional foods, gastroenterological diseases, gut microbiota, probiotic mechanisms of action, probiotic regulation, biologically active food additives, probiotic strains, disease prevention
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- The paper
- Ivashkin, V. T., Maev, I. V., Abdulganieva, D. I., Alekseenko, S. A., Gorelov, A. V., Zakharova, I. N., Zolnikova, O. Y., Ivashkina, N. Y., Korochanskaya, N. V., Mammayev, S. N., Poluektova, E. A., Trukhmanov, A. S., Usenko, D. V., Uspensky, Y. P., Tsukanov, V. V., Shifrin, O. S., Berezhnaya, I. V., Ivashkin, K. V., Lapina, T. L., . . . Ulyanin, A. I. (2021). Practical Recommendations of Scientific Society for the Study of Human Microbiome and the Russian Gastroenterological Association on Use of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics and Functional Foods in Treatment and Prevention of Gastroenterological Diseases in Children and Adults. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2021-31-2-65-91