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Developmental Aspects of Cross-Language Speech Perception
Abstract
Previous research has suggested that infants discriminate many speech sounds according to phonemic category regardless of language exposure, while adults of one language group may have difficulty discriminating nonnative linguistic contrasts. Our study attempted to address directly questions about infant perceptual ability and the possibility of its decline as a function of development in the absence of specific experience by comparing English-speaking adults, Hindi-speaking adults, and 7-month-old infants on their ability to discriminate 2 pairs of natural Hindi (non-English) speech contrasts. To do this, infants were tested in a "visually reinforced infant speech discrimination" paradigm, while a variant of this paradigm was used to test adults. Support was obtained for the above hypotheses. Infants were shown to be able to discriminate both Hindi sound pairs, and support for the idea of a decrease in speech perceptual abilities wih age and experience was clearly evident with the rarer of the 2 non-English contrasts. The results were then discussed with respect to the possible nature and purpose of these abilities.
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“Moreover, research shows that infants tested at 10 to 12 months of age fail to detect the difference between two foreign-language sounds that they could discriminate earlier in life (Werker, Gilbert, Humphrey, & Tees, 1981).”
From Human adults and human infants show a “perceptual magnet effect” for the prototypes of speech categories, monkeys do not (1991) · cites this paper as Werker, Gilbert, Humphrey, & Tees, 1981
In the citing paper
“Effects of linguistic experience have previously been reported in 12month-old infants (Werker et al., 1981; Werker & Tees, 1984);”
From Human adults and human infants show a “perceptual magnet effect” for the prototypes of speech categories, monkeys do not (1991) · cites this paper as Werker et al., 1981
In the citing paper
“Initial results suggested that Englishlearning infants aged 6-8 months can discriminate these non-English distinctions as well as native Hindi and Thompson speakers, but that English-speaking adults (Werker, Gilbert, Humphrey, & Tees, 1981) and Englishlearning infants aged 10-12 months (Werker & Tees, 1984a) cannot.”
From Cross-language evidence for three factors in speech perception (1985) · cites this paper as Werker, Gilbert, Humphrey, & Tees, 1981
In the citing paper
“Initial results suggested that Englishlearning infants aged 6-8 months can discriminate these non-English distinctions as well as native Hindi and Thompson speakers, but that English-speaking adults (Werker, Gilbert, Humphrey, & Tees, 1981) and Englishlearning infants aged 10-12 months (Werker & Tees, 1984a) cannot.”
From Cross-language evidence for three factors in speech perception (1985) · cites this paper as Werker, Gilbert, Humphrey, & Tees, 1981
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“…in sensitivity to phonetic distinctions that are not used in the language(s) of exposure has been documented for a variety of non-native consonant (Werker et al., 1981; Werker and Tees, 1984), vowel (Polka and Werker, 1994; Bosch and Sebastian-Galles, 2003) and lexical tone (Mattock et al.,…”
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“For example, the well-known studies of Werker and colleagues (Werker et al. 1981, Werker & Tees 1984) reveal that six-to-eight-month-old English-learning infants were able to distinguish place of articulation contrasts in Hindi, just like Hindi adults.”
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Developmental loss of speech perception: Exposure to and experience with a first language
Burnham, D. K. (1986) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716400007542 · Cited by 124
“In a subsequent study, Werker and Logan (1985) investigated the effect of extensive training (5 blocks of 96 trials, cf.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialIndividual differences in the acquisition of second language phonology
Golestani, N., & Zatorre, R. J. (2008) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2008.01.005 · Cited by 123
“Other studies, however, have not successfully shown training-related improvement in the perception of this contrast (Tees & Werker, 1984; Werker & Tees, 1984a; Werker et al., 1981).”
ResultThe perception of handshapes in American Sign Language
Baker, S. A., Idsardi, W. J., Golinkoff, R. M., & Petitto, L. (2005) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03193083 · Cited by 117
Common Neural Basis for Phoneme Processing in Infants and Adults
Dehaene‐Lambertz, G., & Gliga, T. (2004) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/0898929042304714 · Cited by 120
“Like adults, infants perceive phonemes categorically along acoustic dimensions such as voice onset time (VOT) (Eimas, Siqueland, Jusczyk, & Vigorito, 1971), place of articulation ( Werker, Gilbert, Humphrey, & Tees, 1981 ), and others.”
Mann, V. A. (1986) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/s0010-0277(86)80001-4 · Cited by 110
Perception of tones by infants learning a non-tone language
Liu, L., & Kager, R. (2014) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2014.06.004 · Cited by 108
Consciousness in the cradle: on the emergence of infant experience
Bayne, T., Frohlich, J., Cusack, R., Moser, J., & Naci, L. (2023) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2023.08.018 · Cited by 106
“For example, 6-to 10-month-olds raised in English-speaking households are able to discriminates between consonants used in Hindi (but not English) that monolingual English-speaking adults cannot discriminate [94] (for a review see [95]), but that ability is lost by 10 months of age.”
BackgroundCharacterizing the influence of native language experience on adult speech perception
Polka, L. (1992) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03206758 · Cited by 106
The impact of poverty on the development of brain networks
Lipina, S. J., & Posner, M. I. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00238 · Cited by 116
“During this same period, they also lose the ability to distinguish representations not made in their own language (Werker et al., 1981).”
BackgroundChildren's phonological neighbourhoods: half empty or half full?
Dollaghan, C. A. (1994) · Journal of Child Language · doi:10.1017/s0305000900009260 · Cited by 103
The arch not the stones: Universal feature theory without universal features
Dresher, B. E. (2015) · Nordlyd · doi:10.7557/12.3412 · Cited by 102
“In support of their view, they cite evidence that infants begin by attending to many potential sources of contrasts, and are more able than adults to discriminate sounds not used in the ambient language (Eimas et al. 1971; Werker et al. 1981).”
BackgroundHow does lexical acquisition begin? A cognitive perspective
Kit, C., & Chee, T. (2003) · Cited by 101
Best, C. T. (1993) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8234-6_24 · Cited by 106
Flege, J. E. (1989) · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · doi:10.1121/1.398599 · Cited by 103
Vihman, M. M. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394260997.ch3 · Cited by 101
Lexical and statistical evidence in the acquisition of second language phonemes
Hayes‐Harb, R. (2007) · Second language Research · doi:10.1177/0267658307071601 · Cited by 99
“…to the phonemic contrasts of their native language (Werker et al., 1981; Werker and Tees, 1984; Best, 1994), but often exhibit difficulty distinguishing sounds that are not contrastive in their native language (Goto, 1971; MacKain et al., 1981; Werker et al., 1981; Best and Strange, 1992).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Werker, J. F., Gilbert, J. H. V., Humphrey, K., & Tees, R. C.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Venue
- Child Development
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1981-03
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 349
- ISSN
- 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2037751943
- Cited by
- 553
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 4.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Child Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Phonetics and Phonology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Categorization, perception, and language
- Keywords
- cross-language speech perception, phonemic categories, perceptual narrowing, language experience, English-speaking adults
- MeSH terms
- Child Development, Discrimination Learning, Female, Humans, Infant, Language, Male, Phonetics, Speech Perception
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