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Patterns of Positive and Negative Religious Coping with Major Life Stressors

Pargament, Kenneth I., Smith, Bruce W., Koenig, Harold G., Perez, Lisa·1998·Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion

DOI 10.2307/1388152

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Abstract

Kenneth I. Pargament, Bruce W. Smith, Harold G. Koenig, Lisa Perez, Patterns of Positive and Negative Religious Coping with Major Life Stressors, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Vol. 37, No. 4 (Dec., 1998), pp. 710-724

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“These findings are consistent with previous studies of positive and negative spiritual/religious coping (Pargament, 1997; Pargament et al., 1998).”
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“…solving the problem, positive religious appraisals of problem) and Negative Religious Coping (e.g., interpersonal religious discontent, questioning God’s powers, appraisal of problem as God’s punishment) based on the work of Pargament and colleagues (Pargament et al., 2000; Pargament et al., 1998).”
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“The Brief RCOPE has demonstrated good construct validity and internal consistency among those facing major life crises (e.g. Koenig et al., 1998) and caregivers (Tarakeshwar & Pargament, 2001).”
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“Finally, religious coping wasmeasured using the 14-item Brief RCOPE (BRCOPE) [41], made up of two 7-item subscales assessing positive (PRC) and negative religious coping (NRC) (each ranging 0–21) (for example, “I tried to putmyplans into action together with God” [PRC] and “I felt punished by God for my lack of devoti…”
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“Of 21 items in the Brief RCOPE, none refers to attendance at services and just 2 refer to “my church,” one of which loads highly on the negative religious coping dimension (Pargament et al., 1998).”
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Background
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Background
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Background
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Background
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MethodSelf-citation
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“The NRC assesses feelings of being punished by God, abandoned by one's faith community, questioning God's love, and other religious struggles (Pargament et al., 1998), and the alpha in the current sample was 0.”
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“44 However, this paved the way for post-traumatic spiritual growth/transformation.”
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“Previous research suggests that the content and valence of religious coping strategies, such as prayer, have an identifiable and unique impact on mental and physical health (Pargament et al., 1998).”
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“Previous studies have documented that religious individuals use religious coping more frequently than people with lower levels of religiosity (see Pargament et al., 1998).”
Background
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“The Brief RCOPE was initially designed for Christians in Western cultures (Pargament et al., 1998).”
MethodResult
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Braam, A. W., Schrier, A. C., Tuinebreijer, W. C., Beekman, A. T. F., Dekker, J., & de Wit, M. A. S. (2010) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2010.02.116 · Cited by 87
“For the current study, the 10-item version (Pargament, 1999) was selected, as it seemed slightly less culture-sensitive than the other, 14-item version (Pargament et al., 1998).”
Method
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Dimensions of Religiousness and Cancer Screening Behaviors Among Church-Going Latinas
Allen, J. D., Pérez, J. E., Pischke, C. R., Tom, L. S., Juarez, A., Ospino, H., & Suarez, E. G. (2012) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-012-9606-9 · Cited by 86
“Two scales were used to measure how people make use of religion to understand and cope with major problems in their lives (Pargament et al. 1998).”
BackgroundMethod
Religious Coping Among Adults Caring for Family Members with Serious Mental Illness
Pearce, M., Medoff, D. R., Lawrence, R. E., & Dixon, L. B. (2015) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-015-9875-3 · Cited by 85
“As with other coping strategies, such as problem focused strategies, religious coping has been found to mediate and moderate the relationship between stress and physical and psychological health (e.g., Pargament et al. 1990, 1998).”
Thriving during COVID-19: Predictors of psychological well-being and ways of coping
Tuason, M. T., Güss, C. D., & Boyd, L. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248591 · Cited by 101
“, religious coping, religious identity commitment), spirituality is associated with greater health and coping [34, 88].”
Background
The Role of Twelve-Step-Related Spirituality in Addiction Recovery
Dermatis, H., & Galanter, M. S. (2015) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-015-0019-4 · Cited by 85
The role of religious identity in the mental health of older working and retired adults
Keyes, C. L. M., & Reitzes, D. C. (2007) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607860601086371 · Cited by 90
Natural Disasters: An Assessment of Family Resiliency Following Hurricane Katrina
Hackbarth, M., Pavkov, T. W., Wetchler, J. L., & Flannery, M. (2011) · Journal of Marital and Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.2011.00227.x · Cited by 99
Perceived changes of specific attitudes, perceptions and behaviors during the Corona pandemic and their relation to wellbeing
Büssing, A., Recchia, D. R., Hein, R., & Dienberg, T. (2020) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-020-01623-6 · Cited by 85
Pathways to posttraumatic growth: The contributions of forgiveness and importance of religion and spirituality.
Schultz, J. M., Tallman, B. A., & ALTMAIER, E. M. (2010) · Psychology of Religion and Spirituality · doi:10.1037/a0018454 · Cited by 84
Stress, Religious Coping and Wellbeing in Acculturating Muslims
Adam, Z., & Ward, C. A. (2016) · Journal of Muslim Mental Health · doi:10.3998/jmmh.10381607.0010.201 · Cited by 93
“While some researchers have focused more exclusively on the cognitive aspects of religious coping (Pargament et al., 1998), others have explored the importance of outward religious practices and social support accessed via religious networks (Boudreaux et al., 1995) with results suggesting that…”
Background
Measuring spirituality and religiosity in clinical research: a systematic review of instruments available in the Portuguese language
Lucchetti, G., Lucchetti, A. L. G., & Vallada, H. (2013) · Sao Paulo Medical Journal · doi:10.1590/s1516-31802013000100022 · Cited by 83
“45 It is less complex than the WHOQOL-SRPB. q) Brief Spiritual/Religious Coping Scale: 19,48 The seventh item consists of a list of 12 types of religious experiences, and patients are asked whether they have had any of these experiences, thereby convincing them that God exists.”
Background
Religious coping and hospital admissions among adults with sickle cell disease
Bediako, S. M., Lattimer, L., Haywood, C., Ratanawongsa, N., Lanzkron, S., & Beach, M. C. (2010) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-010-9290-8 · Cited by 82
Determining best methods to screen for religious/spiritual distress
King, S. D. W., Fitchett, G. A., Murphy, P. E., Pargäment, K. I., Harrison, D. A., & Loggers, E. T. (2016) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-016-3425-6 · Cited by 85
The psychosocial determinants of quality of life in breast cancer survivors: a scoping review
Culbertson, M. G., Bennett, K., Kelly, C. M., Sharp, L., & Cahir, C. (2020) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-020-07389-w · Cited by 98
Widowhood and Spirituality: Coping Responses to Bereavement
Michael, S. T., Crowther, M. R., Schmid, B., & Allen, R. S. (2003) · Journal of Women & Aging · doi:10.1300/j074v15n02_09 · Cited by 82
Understanding stress and quality of life for clergy and clergy spouses
Darling, C. A., Hill, E. W., & McWey, L. M. (2004) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.1031 · Cited by 82
Religion, Race, and Breast Cancer Survival
Ness, P. H. V., Kasl, S. V., & Jones, B. A. (2003) · The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine · doi:10.2190/lrxp-6ccr-g728-mwyh · Cited by 83
“Specifically, pairs of mediators were chosen in order to reflect the difference between positive and negative religious coping that Pargament has empirically established [34].”
Background
Religion, health beliefs and the use of mental health services by the elderly
Ng, T. P., Nyunt, M. S. Z., Chiam, P. C., & Kua, E. H. (2010) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2010.508771 · Cited by 81
Faith and spirituality as psychological coping mechanism among female aid workers: a qualitative study
Ozcan, O., Hoelterhoff, M., & Wylie, E. (2021) · Journal of International Humanitarian Action · doi:10.1186/s41018-021-00100-z · Cited by 81
“The findings reflect previous quantitative research with large and varied samples on religious coping and its multidimensional character (Pargament et al. 1998): Findings suggested that a faith-based and spiritual approach provided participant aid workers with a groundedness and calm amidst an…”
Background
Faith in the Wake of Homicide: Religious Coping and Bereavement Distress in an African American Sample
Burke, L. A., Neimeyer, R. A., McDevitt‐Murphy, M. E., Ippolito, M. R., & Roberts, J. M. (2011) · International Journal for the Psychology of Religion · doi:10.1080/10508619.2011.607416 · Cited by 83
“R), religious coping measure (PRC and NRC subscales of the Brief RCOPE), and background variables (see Measures section).”
MethodInfluential
Coping With Terrorism: The Impact of Increased Salience of Terrorism on Mood and Self-Efficacy of Intrinsically Religious and Nonreligious People
Fischer, P., Greitemeyer, T., Kastenmüller, A., Jonas, E., & Frey, D. (2006) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167205282738 · Cited by 82
Seeing God as Cruel or Distant: Links with Divine Struggles Involving Anger, Doubt, and Fear of God's Disapproval
Exline, J. J., Grubbs, J. B., & Homolka, S. J. (2013) · International Journal for the Psychology of Religion · doi:10.1080/10508619.2013.857255 · Cited by 81
Testing the Efficacy of Chaplaincy Care
Jankowski, K. R. B., Handzo, G. F., & Flannelly, K. J. (2011) · Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy · doi:10.1080/08854726.2011.616166 · Cited by 85
Understanding the Link Between Multiple Oppressions and Depression Among African American Women
Carr, E. R., Szymanski, D. M., Taha, F., West, L. M., & Kaslow, N. J. (2013) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0361684313499900 · Cited by 81
Religiosity and Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among Patients Attending a Public Hospital-Based HIV/AIDS Clinic in Uganda
Kisenyi, R. N., Muliira, J. K., & Ayebare, E. O. (2011) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-011-9473-9 · Cited by 80
Positive and negative religious/spiritual coping and combat exposure as predictors of posttraumatic stress and perceived growth in Iraq and Afghanistan veterans.
Park, C. L., Smith, P. H., Lee, S. Y., Mazure, C. M., McKee, S. A., & Hoff, R. A. (2016) · Psychology of Religion and Spirituality · doi:10.1037/rel0000086 · Cited by 93
“Positive RS coping efforts are sometimes related to higher levels of well-being (Pargament et al., 1998), but null or even inverse effects of positive RS coping are often reported (Gerber, Boals, & Schuettler, 2011).”
Spirituality, religion, and anxiety disorders
Rosmarin, D. H., & Leidl, B. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816766-3.00003-3 · Cited by 93
Initial Development of the Iranian Religious Coping Scale
Aflakseir, A., & Coleman, P. G. (2011) · Journal of Muslim Mental Health · doi:10.3998/jmmh.10381607.0006.104 · Cited by 80
“Pargament et al. (1998) developed the Religious Coping scale (RCOPE), a theoretically based measure that assesses the full range of religious coping strategies.”
BackgroundResult
Race and religion: differential prediction of anxiety symptoms by religious coping in African American and European American young adults
Chapman, L. K., & Steger, M. F. (2008) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20510 · Cited by 80
Religiousness/Spirituality and Subjective Well-Being Among Rural Elderly Whites, African Americans, and Native Americans
Yoon, D. P., & Lee, E. O. (2004) · Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment · doi:10.1300/j137v10n01_05 · Cited by 80
“Religious coping behaviors, including prayer, inspirational reading, participating in worship services, and seeking support from clergy or congregational members have been associated with the health and mental health related outcomes of a wide variety of critical life situations (Pargament et al., 1998).”
Background
Initial Investigation of Jewish Early Adolescents’ Ethnic Identity, Stress, and Coping
Dubow, E. F., Pargäment, K. I., Boxer, P., & Tarakeshwar, N. (2000) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/0272431600020004003 · Cited by 80
“Still, as described previously, the obtained factor solution does appear to be meaningful, and item loadings did parallel, in part, what has been obtained with similar measures in larger samples (e.g., Pargament et al., 1998).”
BackgroundMethodResult
Gender Differences in the Roles of Religion and Locus of Control on Alcohol Use and Smoking Among African Americans
Holt, C. L., Roth, D. L., Huang, J., & Clark, E. M. (2015) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2015.76.482 · Cited by 79
“, spiritual discontent, seeing God as punishing, interpersonal religious discontent) is proposed to have a negative impact on healthrelated outcomes (Pargament et al., 1998).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Examination of the Role of Religious and Psychosocial Factors in HIV Medication Adherence Rates
Dalmida, S. G., McCoy, K., Koenig, H. G., Miller, A., Holstad, M. M., Thomas, T. L., Clayton-Jones, D. L., Grant, M., Fleming, T., Wirani, M. M., et al. (2017) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-017-0377-1 · Cited by 79
“Religious Coping Religious coping was assessed using brief religious coping scale (RCOPE) (Pargament et al. 1998), which has 14 items that measure positive religious coping and negative religious coping, with 7 items each (Pargament et al. 1998).”
InfluentialSelf-citation

Authors: Pargament, K. I., Smith, B. W., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L.
ORCID: Smith, Bruce W.
Koenig, Harold G.
Venue: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion
Publisher: JSTOR
Published: 1998-12
Volume: 37
Issue: 4
Pages: 710
ISSN: 0021-8294 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2307/1388152
OpenAlex: W38293527
Cited by: 2,425
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 104 · 2025: 122 · 2024: 113 · 2023: 157 · 2022: 122 · 2021: 134 · 2020: 148 · 2019: 105 · 2018: 100 · 2017: 105 · 2016: 91 · 2015: 120 · 2014: 124 · 2013: 123 · 2012: 117
FWCI: 12.69
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (publishedVersion)
DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Religion and Society Interactions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
Keywords: religious coping, positive religious coping, negative religious coping, religion and mental health

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Patterns of Positive and Negative Religious Coping with Major Life Stressors

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