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The Perception of the Visual World
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“Sensory input cannot be meaningfully interpreted without correcting for self-motion [29–32]”
From Phenomenal interface theory: a model for basal consciousness (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
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Detection and scaling of statistical differences between visual textures
Stoloff, P. H. (1969) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03212786 · Cited by 4
Heading backward: Perceived direction of movement in contracting and expanding optical flow fields
Kerzel, D., & Hecht, H. (1997) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03214342 · Cited by 4
“In between these nodal points, the rate of optical flow is maximal directly underneath the observer (for detailed discussions, see J. J. Gibson, 1950; Koenderink, 1990; R. Warren, 1990; W. H. Warren, 1995).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBennur, S., & Gold, J. I. (2008) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1008-1121 · Cited by 4
“Vision provides a particularly salient set of cues, including the optic 'flow field' created by self motion, which has a radial pattern with a focus of expansion in the direction of headin”
BackgroundFurther Remarks on the Hypothetical Construct
Plutchik, R. (1954) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.1954.9916130 · Cited by 4
Travelling by the other's cognitive maps or going native and coming back
Lindquist, G. (1995) · Ethnos · doi:10.1080/00141844.1995.9981506 · Cited by 4
Size and distance judgements under reduction conditions
Over, R. (1960) · Australian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00049536008255051 · Cited by 4
Aligning Logical and Psychological Contributions to the Understanding of Human Reasoning
Stenning, K. (1998) · Kognitionswissenschaft · doi:10.1007/bf03354962 · Cited by 4
“In understanding visual perception, Gibson (1950) argued forcefully that certain computations in projective geometry should not be taken to be a model of psychological processes.”
Background“Towards a New Theory of Vision” Revisited
Koenderink, J. J. (2014) · Topoi · doi:10.1007/s11245-014-9288-x · Cited by 4
Effect of Relative Positions of Segments on Strength of the Mueller-Lyer Illusion
Davis, C. M., & Segall, M. H. (1971) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1971.33.3f.1051 · Cited by 4
Four difficulties with Dretske's theory of knowledge
Ginet, C. (1983) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00014710 · Cited by 4
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Single Vestibular Unit Recordings in the Alert Cat during Active and Passive Head Movements
Fuller, J. H. (1992) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195068207.003.0044 · Cited by 4
Processes Underlying Human Performance
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Living in Space. A Phenomenological Account
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MACKAY, D. M. (1984) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2177-2_15 · Cited by 4
Surface Shape, the Science and the Looks
Koenderink, J. J. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118329016.ch6 · Cited by 4
The boundary of entoptic space
Stanley, G. V. (1966) · Psychonomic Science · doi:10.3758/bf03328271 · Cited by 4
Unification scheme for 3D surface reconstruction using physically based models
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Consciousness, memory, and the hippocampal system: What kind of connections can we make?
Eichenbaum, H., & Cohen, N. J. (1995) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00040449 · Cited by 4
Object Detection Using Model-based Prediction and Motion Parallax
Carlsson, S., & Eklundh, J. (1992) · Springer series in perception engineering · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2778-6_6 · Cited by 4
Field processes in stereovision
Shipley, T. (1987) · Documenta Ophthalmologica · doi:10.1007/bf00140453 · Cited by 4
Texture-independent vision-based closed-loop fuzzy controllers for navigation tasks
Kundur, S. R., & Raviv, D. (1995) · doi:10.6028/nist.ir.5637 · Cited by 4
Gençer, E., & Yıldırım, Z. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1832-1 · Cited by 4
The Analysis Of Visual Motion: From Computational Theory To Neuronal Mechanisms
Hildreth, E. C. (1987) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.10.1.477 · Cited by 7
Computational Aspects Motion Perception in Natural and Artificial Vision Systems
Verri, A., Straforini, M., & Torre, V. (1992) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-77840-7_4 · Cited by 4
Integration of Robot and Scene Kinematics for Sequential Mobile Manipulation Planning
Jiao, Z., Niu, Y., Zhang, Z., Wu, Y., Su, Y., Zhu, Y., Liu, H., & Zhu, S. C. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Robotics · doi:10.1109/tro.2025.3605261 · Cited by 3
Towards a Smart Exploitation of GPUs for Low Energy Motion Estimation Using Full HD and 4K Videos
Mahmoudi, S. A., Belarbi, M. A., & Manneback, P. (2018) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97719-5_18 · Cited by 3
Moniz, J. B., Pinto, P. M., & Brissos-Lino, J. (2020) · REVER - Revista de Estudos da Religião · doi:10.23925/1677-1222.2020vol20i3a14 · Cited by 3
Flying blind: Exploring the visual cues used by helicopter pilots in degraded visual environments
Dreslin, B. D., Mersinger, M. C., Patel, S. P., & Chaparro, A. (2023) · AHFE international · doi:10.54941/ahfe1003851 · Cited by 3
Perceptual Thresholds for Radial Optic Flow Distortion in Near-Eye Stereoscopic Displays
Saeedpour-Parizi, M. R., Williams, N. L., Wong, T. K., Guan, P., Manocha, D., & Erkelens, I. M. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2024.3372075 · Cited by 3
Tecnologias da realidade virtual: elementos para uma geografia da visão
Hillis, K. (2008) · Revista FAMECOS · doi:10.15448/1980-3729.2002.17.3149 · Cited by 3
Study on Device Controlling Visual Information to Improve Driver's Performance
Kishida, E., Matsuzaki, N., Uenuma, K., Shigemasu, H., Kitazaki, M., & Keijiro, I. W. A. O. (2008) · TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Series C · doi:10.1299/kikaic.74.2254 · Cited by 3
Gaze Strategies in Skateboard Trick Jumps: Spatiotemporal Constraints in Complex Locomotion
Klostermann, A., & Küng, P. (2016) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2016.1229864 · Cited by 3
Xi, J., & Villatoro, P. M. (2020) · Ambiances · doi:10.4000/ambiances.3074 · Cited by 3
Inaccurate Space Perception Seeing Through Fences
Dong, B., Chen, A., Zhang, Y., Li, C., Zhang, T., & Zhang, M. (2020) · Perception · doi:10.1177/0301006620946525 · Cited by 3
A functional error analysis of differential optical flow methods
Kumashiro, K., Steinberg, A. M., & Yano, M. (2021) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s00348-021-03244-1 · Cited by 3
Minimalistic in-flight odometry based on two optic flow sensors along a bouncing trajectory
Bergantin, L., Coquet, C., Nègre, A., Raharijaona, T., Marchand, N., & Franck Ruffier, B. (2022) · International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS) · doi:10.23919/iccas55662.2022.10003956 · Cited by 3
Micro-expression Recognition Based on Deep Mutual Learning Network
Xie, Z., Cheng, S., Fan, J., & Huang, P. (2022) · Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC) · doi:10.1109/ccdc55256.2022.10033880 · Cited by 3
The Model of the Evolution of the Knowledge Content and Contemporary Science Education Crisis
Tadeusz Wibig, E., & Dam-O, P. (2012) · International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science · doi:10.5815/ijmecs.2012.01.08 · Cited by 3
La sociologie en Afrique ou les véritables enjeux du paradigme du développement international
Schwarz, A. (1979) · Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines · doi:10.1080/00083968.1979.10803935 · Cited by 3
How Agency Is Distributed Through Installations
Lahlou, S. (2017) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190457204.003.0023 · Cited by 3
Saliency in human-computer interaction
Pook, P. K. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/bfb0055971 · Cited by 3
“The act of fixating on an object centers the target in the retinotopic array, potentially simplifying cognitive processes to deal with "the object I'm looking at" rather than with the attributes that distinguish that particular object from all others [12, 7 ].”
BackgroundKanatani, K. (1990) · Springer series in information sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-61275-6_7 · Cited by 3
A Model of Manual Control with Perspective Scene Viewing
Sweet, B. T. (2013) · AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference · doi:10.2514/6.2013-4672 · Cited by 3
Vision without Contours: Study of Visual Information from Ordinal Stimulation
Johansson, G. (1968) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1968.26.2.335 · Cited by 3
A physicalist approach to first-order analysis of optic flow fields in extrastriate cortical areas
Sabatini, S. P. (1999) · International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks · doi:10.1049/cp:19991121 · Cited by 3
“Optic ∞ow refers to the changes in the opticarrayinducedbyrelativemotionbetween an observer and the surrounding world and plays a relevant role in the perception of three-dimensional motion [ 1 ].”
BackgroundMethodA new anti-aliasing approach for improved motion-based object detection using linear filters
Schauland, S., Velten, J., & Kummert, A. (2010) · IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium · doi:10.1109/ivs.2010.5548006 · Cited by 3
Focus of Expansion estimation by an error backpropagation neural network
Branca, A., Stella, E., Attolico, G., & Distante, A. (1997) · Neural Computing and Applications · doi:10.1007/bf01413825 · Cited by 3
Does orbital proprioception contribute to gaze stability during translation?
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“Sensory visual cues may contribute to the estimation of viewing distance in perception (e.g., Rogers and Bradshaw 1993; Predebon 1993; Gibson 1950; Glennerster et al. 1998).”
BackgroundNotation timelines and the aesthetics of disappearance
Kamvasinou, K. (2010) · The Journal of Architecture · doi:10.1080/13602365.2010.507517 · Cited by 3
Asymmetric perception of radial expansion/contraction in Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) infants
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Gibson and Gestalt: (re)presentation, processing, and construction
Hatfield, G. (2019) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-019-02380-w · Cited by 3
“Let us consider more closely the ideas of Rock, Hoffman, Gibson, and, as needed, the Gestalt psychologists, especially Koffka (1935), on representation and construction.”
BackgroundInfluentialRanallo, P. A., & Tenenbaum, J. D. (2021) · Health informatics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-70558-9_6 · Cited by 3
Functionalism and Inverted Spectra
Cole, D. J. (1991) · Studies in cognitive systems · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-3716-4_4 · Cited by 3
Does an Estimate of Environmental Size Precede Size Scaling on a Form-Comparison Task?
Bennett, D. J. (2007) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p5311 · Cited by 3
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Of Habit and Abduction: Preserving Ignorance or Attaining Knowledge?
Magnani, L., Arfini, S., & Bertolotti, T. (2016) · Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45920-2_20 · Cited by 3
Erkendelsen som objektrelation
Mammen, J. (2023) · Psyke & Logos · doi:10.7146/pl.v7i1.135549 · Cited by 3
Dynamic Space: Proxemic Research and the Design of Supportive Environments
Zimring, C., Evans, G. W., & Zube, E. H. (1978) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-2853-7_11 · Cited by 3
Perceived Change in Orientation from Optic Flow in the Central Visual Field
Dyre, B. P., & Andersen, G. J. (1988) · Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting · doi:10.1177/154193128803201927 · Cited by 3
On Neonatal Competence: Sleepless nights for representational theorists?
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Top-Down Interference in Visual Perception
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Foundations of Visual Perception
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The encoding of perceptual information in the organization of individual stimulus patterns
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A Dynamic Ponzo Illusion: Induced Direction of Rotation in Depth
Hershberger, W. A., Laughlin, N. K., & Nitschke, W. (1976) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p050197 · Cited by 3
Relative Height and Relative Size as Monocular Depth Cues in the Trapezoid
Dunn, B. E., & Thomas, S. W. (1966) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1966.22.1.275 · Cited by 3
The perception of shrinking in apparent motion
Hershenson, M. (1992) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03211703 · Cited by 3
Depth Distortions in Binocular Fields
Gogel, W. C., & Newton, R. E. (1969) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1969.28.1.251 · Cited by 3
Visual Movement and the Bending of Phenomenal Space
Goldstein, J., & Wiener, C. (1969) · The Journal of General Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221309.1969.9711270 · Cited by 3
Illusory Dilatation of Square Surfaces
Bazzeo, A., & Zanuttini, L. (1978) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p070467 · Cited by 3
Toad's prey-catching: A complex system with heuristic value
Ewert, J.-P. (1987) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00023359 · Cited by 3
SOME EFFECTS OF INFLUENCE ON THE PERCEPTION OF AN ILLUSION IN SMALL GROUPS
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World of probability and world of meaning: cognition and affect in perspective
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Dependence of Object Identification upon Edge and Surface
Nelson, T. M., & Vasold, P. C. (1965) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1965.20.2.537 · Cited by 3
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Rationality and Relevance RealizationPreprint
Riedl, A., & Vervaeke, J. (2022) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/vymwu · Cited by 4
Lappe, M. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29678-2_4245 · Cited by 3
Shipwrecking Probability in Mediterranean Territorial Waters
Ritondale, M. (2022) · doi:10.33612/diss.219256868 · Cited by 2
Binocular contributions to motion detection and motion discrimination during locomotion
Guo, H., & Allison, R. S. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0315392 · Cited by 2
Bio-informed blade patterns for mitigating bird collisions with wind turbines
Brighton, C. H., Portugal, S. J., & Taylor, G. K. (2026) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2025.0719 · Cited by 2
Сметанин, Б. Н., Кожина, Г. В., & Popov, A. K. (2012) · Neurophysiology · doi:10.1007/s11062-012-9237-5 · Cited by 2
“Beginning from the pioneering studies of Gibson [18, 19], it has been recognized that vision represents an especially rich source of information on our movements in the surrounding space.”
Experimental Verification of Wide-Field-Integration of Optic Flow for State Estimation
Kobayashi, N., OISHI, M., Kinjo, Y., & Hokamoto, S. (2016) · TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN · doi:10.2322/tastj.14.pd_63 · Cited by 2
Blok, V. (2017) · Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology · doi:10.1080/00071773.2017.1387684 · Cited by 2
Guidelines for practical navigation systems based on wide‐field‐integration of optic flow
Kobayashi, N., Bando, M., Hokamoto, S., & Kubo, D. (2020) · Asian Journal of Control · doi:10.1002/asjc.2363 · Cited by 2
Embodied Perception and Action in Real and Virtual Environments
Stefanucci, J. K., Saxon, M. A., & Whitaker, M. M. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-78471-3_14 · Cited by 2
Den billedsproglige handling som æstetisk læreproces
Pedersen, K. (2023) · Psyke & Logos · doi:10.7146/pl.v14i2.135873 · Cited by 2
Study on the Impact of Lighting Design on User Interaction Behavior in Deciphering Games
Yan, C., Jun, H., Lin, Q., & Huang, M. (2024) · IEEE Gaming, Entertainment, and Media Conference (GEM) · doi:10.1109/gem61861.2024.10585448 · Cited by 2
Uma proposta para o estudo da percepção: em torno da semiótica cognitiva
da Silva, F. M. (2015) · Alfa · doi:10.1590/1981-5794-1509-2 · Cited by 2
Feeling is Movement: Damasio's Neural Model of Dance Expression
Pashman, S. (2017) · Dance Research · doi:10.3366/drs.2017.0204 · Cited by 2
Approach to Object Recognition by Learning Mobile Robots
Nguyen, M.-C., & Radig, B. (2002) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/3-540-45783-6_50 · Cited by 2
“... (Fig.1) in an image are the same or different .Generally speaking, images of distant objects tend to look small and have low contrast, while images of nearby objects are usually large, clear, and have sharp contrast, etc.For human beings these difficulties apparently do not exist.We can easily recognize an object…”
BackgroundInfluentialReschka, A., Rieken, J., & Maurer, M. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-05734-3_48 · Cited by 2
Berkeleian Principles in Ecological Realism: An Ontological Analysis
Oytam, Y., & Neilson, P. D. (2007) · Ecological Psychology · doi:10.1080/10407410701432345 · Cited by 2
“Long before ecological realism was fully formulated, Gibson's Perception of the Visual World (1950) contained an opening passage from Berkeley's New Theory of Vision (1709/1901), stating that the purpose of perceiving visible ideas is to foresee the damage or benefit, which objects at a distance may occasion the anima…”
BackgroundWalker, J. T. (1976) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03199421 · Cited by 2
Episodisk minne—finns det något sådant?
Öhman, M. B. (2003) · Nordisk Psykologi · doi:10.1080/00291463.2003.10637428 · Cited by 2
Changes in Angular Size and Speed Affect the Judged Height of Objects Moving over a Ground Surface
Zhang, J., Braunstein, M. L., & Andersen, G. J. (2013) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p7336 · Cited by 2
Energy, information, detection, and action
Michaels, C. F., & Oudejans, R. R. D. (2001) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x01403943 · Cited by 2
Biomechanical Models of the Head-Neck System
Dimnet, J. (1992) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195068207.003.0021 · Cited by 2
Agential Properties in Computer Games
Sageng, J. R. (2016) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190260743.003.0016 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Gibson, J. J.
- Corresponding author
- Gibson, James J.
- Venue
- The American Journal of Psychology
- Publisher
- University of Illinois Press
- Published
- 1951-07
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 440
- ISSN
- 0002-9556 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4302313560
- Cited by
- 1,145
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 9.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The American Journal of Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
- Keywords
- visual perception, visual world
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