Cited by 3,590Cybernetics and Technology in SocietyDiverse Interdisciplinary Research StudiesPhilosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Cybernetics. Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine

N., E., Wiener, Norbert·1949·The Journal of Philosophy

DOI 10.2307/2020260

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2307/2020260

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.

Sorted by citations

Being there: putting brain, body, and world together again
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-6204 · Cited by 2,631
Biological robustness
Kitano, H. (2004) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg1471 · Cited by 2,278
Feedback systems: an introduction for scientists and engineers
Åström, K. J., & Murray, R. M. (2008) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.46-2107 · Cited by 1,968
A digital supply chain twin for managing the disruption risks and resilience in the era of Industry 4.0
Ivanov, D., & Dolgui, A. B. (2020) · Production Planning & Control · doi:10.1080/09537287.2020.1768450 · Cited by 2,254
Computational systems biology.
Kitano, H. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01254 · Cited by 2,209
Motivation concepts in behavioral neuroscience
Berridge, K. C. (2004) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.02.004 · Cited by 1,302
What is assessment for learning
Wiliam, D. (2011) · Studies in Educational Evaluation · doi:10.1016/j.stueduc.2011.03.001 · Cited by 1,282
Defining Strategic Communication
Hallahan, K., Holtzhausen, D. R., van Ruler, B., Verčič, D., & Sriramesh, K. (2007) · International Journal of Strategic Communication · doi:10.1080/15531180701285244 · Cited by 1,646
Synchronization in complex networks of phase oscillators: A survey
Dörfler, F., & Bullo, F. (2014) · Automatica · doi:10.1016/j.automatica.2014.04.012 · Cited by 1,153
Paradox research in management science: Looking back to move forward
Schad, J., Lewis, M. W., Raisch, S., & Smith, W. K. (2016) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/19416520.2016.1162422 · Cited by 1,385
What Is Ego Depletion? Toward a Mechanistic Revision of the Resource Model of Self-Control
Inzlicht, M., & Schmeichel, B. J. (2012) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691612454134 · Cited by 1,083
The brain has a body: Adaptive behavior emerges from interactions of nervous system, body and environment
Chiel, H. J., & Beer, R. D. (1997) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(97)01149-1 · Cited by 864
From What to How: An Initial Review of Publicly Available AI Ethics Tools, Methods and Research to Translate Principles into Practices
Morley, J., Floridi, L., Kinsey, L., & Elhalal, A. (2020) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-019-00165-5 · Cited by 882
Diversity, biotic and similarity indices
Washington, H. G. (1984) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/0043-1354(84)90164-7 · Cited by 853
Programming Environments: Environmentality and Citizen Sensing in the Smart City
Gabrys, J. (2014) · Environment and Planning D Society and Space · doi:10.1068/d16812 · Cited by 747
Conceptual Foundations of Evolutionary Psychology
Tooby, J., & Cosmides, L. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470939376.ch1 · Cited by 654
The night-eating syndrome
Stunkard, A. J., Grace, W. J., & Wolff, H. G. (1955) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(55)90276-x · Cited by 612
Integrating Models of Self-Regulation
Inzlicht, M., Werner, K. M., Briskin, J. L., & Roberts, B. W. (2021) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-061020-105721 · Cited by 594
Is there chaos in the brain? II. Experimental evidence and related models
Korn, H., & Fauré, P. (2003) · Comptes Rendus Biologies · doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2003.09.011 · Cited by 580
The organization of physiological brain networks
Stam, C. J., & van Straaten, E. C. W. (2012) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2012.01.011 · Cited by 591
Emotional foundations of cognitive control
Inzlicht, M., Bartholow, B. D., & Hirsh, J. B. (2015) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2015.01.004 · Cited by 542
A human-assisting manipulator teleoperated by EMG signals and arm motions
Fukuda, O., Tsuji, T., Kaneko, M., & Otsuka, A. (2003) · IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation · doi:10.1109/tra.2003.808873 · Cited by 483
Functional Roles of Alpha-Band Phase Synchronization in Local and Large-Scale Cortical Networks
Palva, S., & Palva, J. M. (2011) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00204 · Cited by 503
Cyborg Urbanization: Complexity and Monstrosity in the Contemporary City
Gandy, M. (2005) · International Journal of Urban and Regional Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00568.x · Cited by 470
The evolving systems approach to creative work
Gruber, H. E. (1988) · Creativity Research Journal · doi:10.1080/10400418809534285 · Cited by 405
Self-oscillation
Jenkins, A. (2012) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2012.10.007 · Cited by 386
Navigating the Affordance Landscape: Feedback Control as a Process Model of Behavior and Cognition
Pezzulo, G., & Cisek, P. (2016) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2016.03.013 · Cited by 419
Tensor network theory of the metaorganization of functional geometries in the central nervous system
Pellionisz, A., & Llinas, R. H. (1985) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(85)90001-6 · Cited by 368
Running on Empty
Inzlicht, M., & Gutsell, J. N. (2007) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.02004.x · Cited by 351
Two Theories of Home Heat Control*
Kempton, W. M. (1986) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1207/s15516709cog1001_3 · Cited by 340
The dynamic control of signal transduction networks in cancer cells
Kölch, W., Halász, M., Granovskaya, M., & Kholodenko, B. Ν. (2015) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc3983 · Cited by 338
Algorithmic governance
Katzenbach, C., & Ulbricht, L. (2019) · Internet Policy Review · doi:10.14763/2019.4.1424 · Cited by 359
Hierarchical active inference: A theory of motivated control
Pezzulo, G., Rigoli, F., & Friston, K. J. (2018) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2018.01.009 · Cited by 334
A review of alpha activity in integrative brain function: Fundamental physiology, sensory coding, cognition and pathology
Başar, E. (2012) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.002 · Cited by 331
Systemic Design Principles for Complex Social Systems
Jones, P. H. (2014) · Translational systems sciences · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-54478-4_4 · Cited by 411
Mechanosensation and Adaptive Motor Control in Insects
Tuthill, J. C., & Wilson, R. I. (2016) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.06.070 · Cited by 290
Systems Theory
Whitchurch, G. G., & Constantine, L. L. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-85764-0_14 · Cited by 311
Perceptual-cognitive universals as reflections of the world
Shepard, R. N. (1994) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03200759 · Cited by 309
Interactivity in Society: Locating an Elusive Concept
Bucy, E. P. (2004) · The Information Society · doi:10.1080/01972240490508063 · Cited by 305
Control: A perspective
̊ström, K. J. A., & Kumar, P. R. (2014) · Automatica · doi:10.1016/j.automatica.2013.10.012 · Cited by 304
Interactivity-as-Product and Interactivity-as-Process
Stromer‐Galley, J. (2004) · The Information Society · doi:10.1080/01972240490508081 · Cited by 289
Mathematical Frameworks for Oscillatory Network Dynamics in Neuroscience
Ashwin, P., Coombes, S., & Nicks, R. (2016) · The Journal of Mathematical Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/s13408-015-0033-6 · Cited by 284
Positive feedback in cellular control systems
Mitrophanov, A. Y., & Groisman, E. A. (2008) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.20769 · Cited by 280
The role of interactivity in e-tailing: Creating value and increasing satisfaction
Yoo, W.-S., Lee, Y., & Park, J. (2009) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2009.10.003 · Cited by 269
Role of crop physiology in predicting gene-to-phenotype relationships
Yin, X., Struik, P. C., & Kropff, M. J. (2004) · Trends in Plant Science · doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2004.07.007 · Cited by 247
Cities as Complex Systems: Scaling, Interaction, Networks, Dynamics and Urban Morphologies
Batty, M. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30440-3_69 · Cited by 261
Reverse engineering and identification in systems biology: strategies, perspectives and challenges
Villaverde, A. F., & Banga, J. R. (2014) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2013.0505 · Cited by 229
Distributed control of production systems
Trentesaux, D. (2009) · Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2009.05.001 · Cited by 239
Information processing, computation, and cognition
Piccinini, G., & Scarantino, A. (2010) · Journal of Biological Physics · doi:10.1007/s10867-010-9195-3 · Cited by 252
Exploring the Mechanisms of Self-Control Improvement
Inzlicht, M., Legault, L., & Teper, R. (2014) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721414534256 · Cited by 247
The effects of feedback on task group behavior: A review of the experimental research
Nadler, D. A. (1979) · Organizational Behavior and Human Performance · doi:10.1016/0030-5073(79)90001-1 · Cited by 235
Top-down models in biology: explanation and control of complex living systems above the molecular level
Pezzulo, G., & Levin, M. G. (2016) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2016.0555 · Cited by 245
Reducing Complexity by Creating Complexity: A Systems Theory Perspective on How Organizations Respond to Their Environments
Schneider, A., Wickert, C. M. J., & Marti, E. (2016) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.12206 · Cited by 265
The relationship between legitimacy, reputation, sustainability and branding for companies and their supply chains
Czinkota, M., Kaufmann, H. R., & Basile, G. (2014) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.10.005 · Cited by 224
Neural Computation and the Computational Theory of Cognition
Piccinini, G., & Bahar, S. (2012) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.12012 · Cited by 241
Digital Rubbish
Gabrys, J. (2011) · University of Michigan Press eBooks · doi:10.3998/dcbooks.9380304.0001.001 · Cited by 328
Complexity and information
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-6308 · Cited by 212
Accounting and Management Information Systems
Schwaiger, W. S. A., & Abmayer, M. (2013) · International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services (iiWAS) · doi:10.1145/2539150.2539214 · Cited by 212
Anticipatory Systems: Philosophical, Mathematical, and Methodological Foundations
Rosen, R. (2012) · IFSR International Series in Systems Science and Systems Engineering · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1269-4 · Cited by 212
Methods and Techniques of Complex Systems Science: An Overview
Shalizi, C. R. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-33532-2_2 · Cited by 231
Multi-scale methodology for complex systems
Li, J., Zhang, J., Ge, W., & Liu, X. (2004) · Chemical Engineering Science · doi:10.1016/j.ces.2004.01.025 · Cited by 205
Deceitful Media: Artificial Intelligence and Social Life after the Turing Test
Natale, S. (2021) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190080365.001.0001 · Cited by 209
Information-theoretic approach to the study of control systems
Touchette, H., & Lloyd, S. (2003) · Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications · doi:10.1016/j.physa.2003.09.007 · Cited by 202
The Depth of History and Explanation as Benefit and Bane for Psychological Control Theories.
Vancouver, J. B. (2005) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.1.38 · Cited by 202
Temporal organization in cells; a dynamic theory of cellular control processes
GOODWIN, B. C. (1963) · Academic Press eBooks · doi:10.5962/bhl.title.6268 · Cited by 196
TIME AND RHYTHM PERCEPTION
Fraisse, P. (1978) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-161908-4.50012-7 · Cited by 196
Contrasting functions of limbic and neocortical systems of the brain and their relevance to psychophysiological aspects of medicine
MacLean, P. D. (1958) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(58)90050-0 · Cited by 191
Systems Theory as the Foundation for Understanding Systems
Adams, K. M., Hester, P. T., Bradley, J. M., Meyers, T. J., & Keating, C. B. (2013) · Systems Engineering · doi:10.1002/sys.21255 · Cited by 256
The Theoretical Foundations of Evolutionary Psychology
Tooby, J., & Cosmides, L. (2015) · The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology · doi:10.1002/9781119125563.evpsych101 · Cited by 185
Empathetic Leadership: How Leader Emotional Support and Understanding Influences Follower Performance
Kock, N., Mayfield, M. R., Mayfield, J. R., Sexton, S., & Garza, L. M. D. L. (2018) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/1548051818806290 · Cited by 185
An Overview of Cognitive Radar: Past, Present, and Future
Gürbüz, S. Z., Griffiths, H., Charlish, A., Rangaswamy, M., Greco, M., & Bell, K. L. (2019) · IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine · doi:10.1109/maes.2019.2953762 · Cited by 186
O conceito de informação
Capurro, R., & Hjørland, B. (2007) · Perspectivas em Ciência da Informação · doi:10.1590/s1413-99362007000100012 · Cited by 182
Power Asymmetry and Learning in Teams: The Moderating Role of Performance Feedback
van der Vegt, G. S., de Jong, S. B., Bunderson, J. S., & Molleman, E. (2009) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1090.0452 · Cited by 188
Cognitive Control: Core Constructs and Current Considerations
Cohen, J. D. (2017) · The Wiley Handbook of Cognitive Control · doi:10.1002/9781118920497.ch1 · Cited by 179
Three Generations of Complexity Theories: Nuances and ambiguities
Alhadeff‐Jones, M. (2008) · Educational Philosophy and Theory · doi:10.1111/j.1469-5812.2007.00411.x · Cited by 212
System Dynamics as a Structural Theory in Operations Management
Größler, A., Thun, J., & Milling, P. M. (2008) · Production and Operations Management · doi:10.3401/poms.1080.0023 · Cited by 185
Biological regulation: controlling the system from within
Bich, L., Mossio, M., Ruiz‐Mirazo, K., & Moreno, Á. (2015) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10539-015-9497-8 · Cited by 185
Search and rescue with autonomous flying robots through behavior-based cooperative intelligence
Arnold, R. D., Yamaguchi, H., & Tanaka, T. (2018) · Journal of International Humanitarian Action · doi:10.1186/s41018-018-0045-4 · Cited by 173
Beyond the Quantified Self: Thematic exploration of a dataistic paradigm
Ruckenstein, M., & Pantzar, M. (2015) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/1461444815609081 · Cited by 174
The cognitive architecture of complex movement
Schack, T. (2004) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2004.9671753 · Cited by 171
Advances in farming systems analysis and intervention
Keating, B. A., & McCown, R. L. (2001) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/s0308-521x(01)00059-2 · Cited by 171
Artificial companions, social bots and work bots: communicative robots as research objects of media and communication studies
Hepp, A. (2020) · Media Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/0163443720916412 · Cited by 187
Looking down, around, and up: Mechanistic explanation in psychology
Bechtel, W. (2009) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515080903238948 · Cited by 165
Modelling the crop: from system dynamics to systems biology
Yin, X., & Struik, P. C. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/erp375 · Cited by 174
Biomedical Engineering - From Theory to Applications
Fazel-Rezai, R. (2011) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/2629 · Cited by 165
Contextual learning requires synaptic AMPA receptor delivery in the hippocampus
Mitsushima, D., Ishihara, K., Sano, A., Kessels, H. W. H. G., & Takahashi, T. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1104558108 · Cited by 163
The nature of metaphors in cultural geography and environmental history
Demeritt, D. (1994) · Progress in Human Geography · doi:10.1177/030913259401800203 · Cited by 164
Envisioning systemic effects on persons and society throughout interactive system design
Nathan, L. P., Friedman, B., Klasnja, P., et al. (2008) · Designing Interactive Systems Conference · doi:10.1145/1394445.1394446 · Cited by 158
Donald O. Hebb's synapse and learning rule: a history and commentary
Cooper, S. J. (2004) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2004.09.009 · Cited by 166
The dynamics of adaptive behavior: A research program
Beer, R. D. (1997) · Robotics and Autonomous Systems · doi:10.1016/s0921-8890(96)00063-2 · Cited by 151
Decision Problems in Blockchain Governance: Old Wine in New Bottles or Walking in Someone Else’s Shoes?
Ziolkowski, R., Miscione, G., & Schwabe, G. (2020) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.1080/07421222.2020.1759974 · Cited by 151
Information, Interactivity, and Social Media
Ariel, Y., & Avidar, R. (2015) · Atlantic Journal of Communication · doi:10.1080/15456870.2015.972404 · Cited by 152
The entrepreneurial journey as an emergent hierarchical system of artifact-creating processes
Selden, P. D., & Fletcher, D. E. (2014) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2014.09.002 · Cited by 154
Three Principles of Soil Change and Pedogenesis in Time and Space
Lin, H. (2011) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.2136/sssaj2011.0130 · Cited by 146
How can video feedback be used in physical education to support novice learning in gymnastics? Effects on motor learning, self-assessment and motivation
Potdevin, F., Vors, O., Huchez, A., Lamour, M., Davids, K., & Schnitzler, C. (2018) · Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy · doi:10.1080/17408989.2018.1485138 · Cited by 178
Identity Theory
Burke, P. J., & Stets, J. E. (2022) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197617182.001.0001 · Cited by 165
The Cloud Is Material: On the Environmental Impacts of Computation and Data Storage
Monserrate, S. G. (2022) · MIT Case Studies in Social and Ethical Responsibilities of Computing · doi:10.21428/2c646de5.031d4553 · Cited by 145
Contemporary Cybernetics and Its Facets of Cognitive Informatics and Computational Intelligence
Wang, Y., Kinsner, W., & Zhang, D. (2009) · IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part B (Cybernetics) · doi:10.1109/tsmcb.2009.2013721 · Cited by 145
Beginnings of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM): Computational Artifice Assisting Scientific Inquiry and Clinical Art – with Reflections on Present AIM Challenges
Kulikowski, C. A. (2019) · Yearbook of Medical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0039-1677895 · Cited by 144
Toward a general model of communication
Gerbner, G. (1956) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/bf02717110 · Cited by 144

Authors: N., E., & Wiener, N.
Venue: The Journal of Philosophy
Publisher: Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: 1949-10-27
Volume: 46
Issue: 22
Pages: 736
ISSN: 0022-362X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2307/2020260
OpenAlex: W3026354358
Cited by: 3,590
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 104 · 2024: 171 · 2023: 245 · 2022: 236 · 2021: 357 · 2020: 304 · 2019: 211 · 2018: 172 · 2017: 164 · 2016: 126 · 2015: 129 · 2014: 126 · 2013: 112 · 2012: 107
FWCI: 128.97
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Philosophy (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Cybernetics and Technology in Society
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Diverse Interdisciplinary Research Studies
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation
Keywords: cybernetics, control, communication, animal behavior, machine control

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-28 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Cybernetics. Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Self-check

Citations

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks