Self-Esteem and Adolescent Problems: Modeling Reciprocal Effects
Abstract
Past research has treated self-esteem either as a social force or as a social product. However, this research has not given adequate attention to the reciprocal effects of the self-concept and various social and personal factors. A panel of 1886 adolescent boys is used to explore the reciprocal relationships between self-esteem and three problems of youth: juvenile delinquency; poor school performance; and psychological depression. Wefind that low self-esteem fosters delinquency and that delinquency may enhance self-esteem. These reciprocal effects differ among socioeconomic status groups. The relationship between self-esteem and school performance is primarily attributable to the effect of school performance on self-esteem. Finally, the causal relationship between self-esteem and depression is bidirectional. Substantive, methodological, and policy implications of these findings are discussed.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Poor educational performance is a major contributor to school drop-out as well as a risk factor for mental disorders.
“poor educational performance is a major contributor to school drop-out as well as a risk factor for mental disorders [44,45].”
From Long-term effects of mental disorders on educational attainment in the National Comorbidity Survey ten-year follow-up (2015) · cites this paper as [45]
Cites
The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life.
Naegele, K. D., & Goffman, E. (1956) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2089106 · Cited by 26,021 · see citing works
A theory of social comparison processes
Festinger, L. (1954) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/001872675400700202 · Cited by 20,926 · see citing works
Mead, G. H., Joas, H., Huebner, D. R., & Morris, C. W. (2015) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226112879.001.0001 · Cited by 12,408 · see citing works
Cognitive Therapy for Depression
(2012) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e675542012-001 · Cited by 9,678 · see citing works
Reliability and Validity Assessment
Kurian, G. T. (2011) · The Encyclopedia of Political Science · doi:10.4135/9781608712434.n1341 · Cited by 5,045 · see citing works
Human Nature and the Social Order
Cooley, C. H. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203789513 · Cited by 4,847 · see citing works
Feeling Good: The New Mood Therapy
Burns, D. D. (1980) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 714 · see citing works
Self concept and school achievement
Purkey, W. W. (1970) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 709 · see citing works
Zahn, G. C., & Wylie, R. C. (1962) · The American Catholic Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/3708588 · Cited by 676 · see citing works
Glasser, W. (1968) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 626 · see citing works
Deviant Behavior in Defense of Self.
Adler, P. A., Adler, P., & Kaplan, H. B. (1984) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2069059 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Trait salience in the spontaneous self-concept.
McGuire, W. J., & Padawer-Singer, A. (1976) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.33.6.743 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Self- and interpersonal evaluations: Esteem theories versus consistency theories.
Jones, S. C. (1973) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0033957 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
Effort: The double-edged sword in school achievement.
Covington, M. V., & Omelich, C. L. (1979) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.71.2.169 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
The self concept in theory, measurement, development, and behaviour
Burns, R. B. (1979) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Self-concept of ability and perceived evaluation of others: Cause or effect of academic achievement?
Calsyn, R. J., & Kenny, D. A. (1977) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.69.2.136 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Self-Attitudes and Deviant Behavior
Kaplan, H. B. (1982) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x82014002004 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
The self concept, vol. 1. A review of methodological considerations and measuring instruments
Eysenck, H. J. (1974) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(74)90020-5 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
SELF-DEROGATION AND PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT
Kaplan, H. B., & Pokorny, A. D. (1969) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-196911000-00006 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
The Effect of Employment Status Change on Self-Attitudes
Cohn, R. M. (1978) · Social Psychology · doi:10.2307/3033568 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Rosenberg, F. R., Rosenberg, M., & McCord, J. (1978) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/bf01537978 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Self-citationIncreasing Educational Achievement Via Self Concept Change
Scheirer, M. A., & Kraut, R. E. (1979) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/00346543049001131 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Self-Esteem and the Psychological Impact of Unemployment
Shamir, B. (1986) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2786857 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Adolescence to Adulthood: Change and Stability in the Lives of Young Men
Manaster, G. J., Bachman, J. G., O’Malley, P. M., & Johnston, J. H. (1979) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.2307/1174293 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-Concept as a Mediating Factor in Delinquency
Wells, L. E., & Rankin, J. H. (1983) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/3033656 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Social Psychology of Self-Referent Behavior.
Gecas, V., & Kaplan, H. B. (1988) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2072766 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
McDougall, W. (1934) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-193404000-00091 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Delinquency and Adolescent Self-Conceptions: A Study of the Personal Relevance of Infraction
Jensen, G. F. (1972) · Social Problems · doi:10.2307/799503 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
New Results in Depression Research
Hippius, H., Klerman, G. L., & Matussek, N. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70702-5 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Scholastic Experiences, Self-Esteem, and Delinquent Behavior: A Theory for Alternative Schools
Gold, M. (1978) · Crime & Delinquency · doi:10.1177/001112877802400304 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-Esteem and Self-Consistency: A Theoretical and Empirical Link Between Two Primary Motivations
Elliott, G. C. (1986) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2786803 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Identification with the Delinquent Subculture and Level of Self-Evaluation
Hall, P. M. (1966) · Sociometry · doi:10.2307/2786306 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 33 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1111/1529-1006.01431 · Cited by 3,893 · see citing works
Online Social Networking and Addiction—A Review of the Psychological Literature
Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2011) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph8093528 · Cited by 2,038 · see citing works
“Moreover, the author investigated gratifications of SNS game use, loneliness [99], leisure boredom [100], and self esteem [101].”
BackgroundGlobal Self-Esteem and Specific Self-Esteem: Different Concepts, Different Outcomes
Rosenberg, M., Schooler, C., Schoenbach, C., & Rosenberg, F. (1995) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2096350 · Cited by 1,809 · see citing works
Self-citationFriend networking sites and their relationship to adolescents’ well-being and social self-esteem
Valkenburg, P. M., Peter, J., & Schouten, A. P. (2006) · CyberPsychology & Behavior · doi:10.1089/cpb.2006.9.584 · Cited by 1,531 · see citing works
Internet addiction: a systematic review of epidemiological research for the last decade
Kuss, D., Griffiths, M., Karila, L., & Billieux, J. (2014) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/13816128113199990617 · Cited by 1,374 · see citing works
The Relation Between Self-Beliefs and Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analytic Review
Valentine, J. C., DuBois, D. L., & Cooper, H. (2004) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1207/s15326985ep3902_3 · Cited by 1,315 · see citing works
Rumbaut, R. G. (1994) · International Migration Review · doi:10.2307/2547157 · Cited by 1,294 · see citing works
Low Self-Esteem Is Related to Aggression, Antisocial Behavior, and Delinquency
Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., Robins, R. W., Moffitt, T. E., & Caspi, A. (2005) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.01535.x · Cited by 1,147 · see citing works
Internet Gaming Addiction: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research
Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2012) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-011-9318-5 · Cited by 1,113 · see citing works
Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2011) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.08.020 · Cited by 1,087 · see citing works
The development of depression in children and adolescents.
Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (1998) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.53.2.221 · Cited by 989 · see citing works
The social media disorder scale
van den Eijnden, R. J. J. M., Lemmens, J. S., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.038 · Cited by 948 · see citing works
What Have We Learned from Five Decades of Neutralization Research?
Maruna, S., & Copes, H. (2005) · Crime and Justice · doi:10.1086/655355 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Denton, M. A., Prus, S. G., & Walters, V. (2003) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.09.008 · Cited by 760 · see citing works
The Internet Gaming Disorder Scale.
Lemmens, J. S., Valkenburg, P. M., & Gentile, D. A. (2015) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000062 · Cited by 742 · see citing works
Psychosocial causes and consequences of pathological gaming
Lemmens, J. S., Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2010) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.07.015 · Cited by 624 · see citing works
The stress process and the social distribution of depression.
Turner, R., & Lloyd, D. A. (1999) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2676332 · Cited by 584 · see citing works
Stability of self-esteem across the life span.
Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M. B., & Robins, R. W. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.205 · Cited by 807 · see citing works
Matsueda, R. L. (1992) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/229940 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
Ethnic identity and self‐esteem: an exploratory longitudinal study
Phinney, J. S., & Chavira, V. (1992) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/0140-1971(92)90030-9 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Symbolic Interactionism and Family Studies
LaRossa, R., & Reitzes, D. C. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-85764-0_6 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Godard, J. (2001) · Industrial and Labor Relations Review · doi:10.1177/001979390105400402 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Online gaming addiction in children and adolescents: A review of empirical research
Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2012) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/jba.1.2012.1.1 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Religious Involvement and Self-Perception among Black Americans
Ellison, C. G. (1993) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/71.4.1027 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
A literature review on stress and coping strategies in nursing students
Labrague, L. J., McEnroe–Petitte, D. M., Gloe, D. S., Thomas, L., Papathanasiou, I. V., & Tsaras, K. (2016) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.1080/09638237.2016.1244721 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Self, Identity, Stress, and Mental Health
Thoits, P. A. (2012) · Handbooks of sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4276-5_18 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
A Longitudinal Study of Self-Esteem: Implications for Adolescent Development
Zimmerman, M. A., Copeland, L. A., Shope, J. T., & Dielman, T. E. (1997) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1023/a:1024596313925 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
The Roles of Self-Esteem and the Sense of Personal Control in the Academic Achievement Process
Ross, C. E., & Broh, B. A. (2000) · Sociology of Education · doi:10.2307/2673234 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
ADAPTING TO STRAIN: AN EXAMINATION OF DELINQUENT COPING RESPONSES*
Brezina, T. (1996) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1996.tb01194.x · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Self-esteem and the intersection of age, class, and gender
McMullin, J. A., & Cairney, J. (2003) · Journal of Aging Studies · doi:10.1016/j.jaging.2003.09.006 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Kardefelt‐Winther, D. (2014) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.020 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Self-Esteem Deficits and Suicidal Tendencies among Adolescents
Overholser, J. C., Adams, D. M., Lehnert, K. L., & Brinkman‐Sull, D. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199507000-00016 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Owens, T. J. (1994) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2095940 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Stets, J. E., & Burke, P. (2014) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.1177/0731121414536141 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Mei, S., Yau, Y. H. C., Chai, J., Guo, J., & Potenza, M. N. (2016) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.05.009 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Sedikides, C., & Gregg, A. P. (2007) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781848608221.n5 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Ethnic Identity and Self-Esteem of Latino Adolescents
Umaña‐Taylor, A. J., Diversi, M., & Fine, M. A. (2002) · Journal of Adolescent Research · doi:10.1177/0743558402173005 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Social comparison, self‐esteem and depression in people with intellectual disability
Dagnan, D., & Sandhu, S. (1999) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2788.1999.043005372.x · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Bennett, L. W., Riger, S., Schewe, P. A., Howard, A., & Wasco, S. M. (2004) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260504265687 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Mojtabai, R., Stuart, E. A., Hwang, I., Eaton, W. W., Sampson, N., & Kessler, R. C. (2015) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-015-1083-5 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Teenage Violence Toward Parents as an Adaptation to Family Strain
Brezina, T. (1999) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x99030004002 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Allen, J. J., & Anderson, C. A. (2018) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.034 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Psychosocial Resources and the Stress Process
Turner, R. J., & Roszell, P. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1106-3_7 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Does adolescent self-esteem predict later life outcomes? A test of the causal role of self-esteem
Boden, J. M., Fergusson, D. M., & Horwood, L. J. (2008) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579408000151 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Parenting, peers, and the stability of antisocial behavior in preadolescent boys.
Vuchinich, S., Bank, L., & Patterson, G. R. (1992) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.28.3.510 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Beliefs about Overconfidence, Including Its Cross-National Variation
Yates, J. F., Lee, J.-W., & Shinotsuka, H. (1996) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1006/obhd.1996.0012 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Ssewamala, F. M., Han, C., & Neilands, T. B. (2009) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.05.019 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Understanding Early Adolescent Self and Identity: Applications and Interventions
Brinthaupt, T. M., & Lipka, R. P. (2002) · State University of New York Press eBooks · doi:10.1353/book4525 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Ethnic Differences in Processes Contributing to the Self-Esteem of Early Adolescent Girls
Carlson, C. I., Uppal, S., & Prosser, E. C. (2000) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/0272431600020001003 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Canetto, S. S., & Chen, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108561716.042 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Diseth, Å., Meland, E., & Breidablik, H. J. (2014) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2014.06.003 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Kim, J., & Cicchetti, D. (2004) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/b:jacp.0000030289.17006.5a · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Markowitz, F. E. (2001) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/3090227 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Validity of the Brief Resilience Scale and Brief Resilient Coping Scale in a Chinese Sample
Fung, S.-F. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17041265 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Parental Involvement and Children's School Achievement
Rogers, M., Theule, J., Ryan, B. A., Adams, G. R., & Keating, L. J. (2009) · Canadian Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1177/0829573508328445 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Perceived Sibling Relationships and Adolescent Development
Yeh, H., & Lempers, J. D. (2004) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1023/b:joyo.0000013425.86424.0f · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Owens, T. J. (1993) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2786665 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Gender Stratification and Mental Health: An Exploration of Dimensions of the Self
Rosenfield, S., Vertefuille, J., & McAlpine, D. D. (2000) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2695869 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Rosario, M., Rotheram‐Borus, M. J., & Reid, H. M. (1996) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6629(199604)24:2 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
The Effects of Adolescent Victimization on Self-Concept and Depressive Symptoms
Turner, H. A., David Finkelhor, B., & Ormrod, R. K. (2009) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559509349444 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Woodford, M. R., Howell, M. L., Silverschanz, P., & Yu, L. (2012) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2012.673519 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
McDonough, P. (2000) · International Journal of Health Services · doi:10.2190/bpfg-x3me-lhta-6rpv · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Teng, Z., Pontes, H. M., Nie, Q., Xiang, G., Griffiths, M. D., & Guo, C. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106530 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Reisner, S. L., Biello, K. B., Rosenberger, J. G., Austin, S. B., Haneuse, S., Perez‐Brumer, A., Novak, D. S., & Mimiaga, M. J. (2014) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-014-0314-2 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Koesten, J., Schrodt, P., & Ford, D. J. (2009) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410230802607024 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Ferrándo, M., Prieto, M. D., Almeida, L. S., García, C. F., Bermejo, R., Pina, J. A. L., Hernández, D., Sáinz, M., & Fernández, M.-C. (2010) · Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment · doi:10.1177/0734282910374707 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Comparison of Self-Beliefs for Predicting Student Motivation and Achievement
Bong, M., Cho, C., Ahn, H., & Kim, H. J. (2012) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00220671.2011.627401 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
DuBois, D. L., Burk–Braxton, C., Swenson, L. P., Tevendale, H. D., Lockerd, E. M., & Moran, B. L. (2002) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037//0012-1649.38.5.822 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-esteem of academic and vocational students: Does within-school tracking sharpen the difference?
Houtte, M. V., Demanet, J., & Stevens, P. A. J. (2012) · Acta Sociologica · doi:10.1177/0001699311431595 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
At the heart of child care: Predictors of teacher sensitivity in center-based child care
Gerber, E. B., Whitebook, M., & Weinstein, R. S. (2007) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2006.12.003 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Critical thinking, self-esteem, and state anxiety of nursing students
Suliman, W. A., & Halabi, J. O. (2006) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2006.04.008 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Yang, C.-C., Holden, S. M., & Carter, M. D. K. (2018) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-017-0801-6 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Adolescent Self-Esteem in Cross-Cultural Perspective
Farruggia, S. P., Chen, C., Greenberger, E., Dmitrieva, J., & Macek, P. (2004) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022104270114 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Stigmatization and Self-Esteem of Persons in Recovery From Mental Illness: the Role of Peer Support
Verhaeghe, M., Bracke, P., & Bruynooghe, K. (2008) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764008090422 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-esteem in childhood and adolescence: Vaccine or epiphenomenon?
DuBois, D. L., & Tevendale, H. D. (1999) · Applied and Preventive Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0962-1849(99)80002-x · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-Esteem, Delinquent Peers, and Delinquency: A Test of the Self-Enhancement Thesis
Jang, S. J., & Thornberry, T. P. (1998) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2657269 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Behnke, A., Plunkett, S. W., Sands, T., & Bámaca‐Colbert, M. Y. (2010) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022110383424 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Validity and Psychometric Evaluation of the Chinese Version of the 5-Item WHO Well-Being Index
Fung, S.-F., Kong, C. Y. W., Liu, Y.-M., Huang, Q., Xiong, Z.-K., Jiang, Z.-Q., Zhu, F., Chen, Z., Sun, K., Zhao, H., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.872436 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Consequences of Empowered CNA Teams in Nursing Home Settings: A Longitudinal Assessment
Yeatts, D. E., & Cready, C. M. (2007) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/47.3.323 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
An Evolutionary‐Psychological Approach to Self‐esteem: Multiple Domains and Multiple Functions
Kirkpatrick, L. A., & Ellis, B. J. (2003) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470998557.ch16 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Bagley, C., Bolitho, F. H., & Bertrand, L. D. (1997) · Canadian Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy · doi:10.11575/prism/32489 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Status and Financial Coping Strategies: The Mediating Role of Perceived Control
Caplan, L. J., & Schooler, C. (2007) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1177/019027250707000106 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citationWalters, V., McDonough, P., & Strohschein, L. (2002) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00117-4 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Understanding Health Disparities: The Promise of the Stress Process Model
Turner, R. J. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1021-9_1 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Whitesell, N. R., Voices of Indian Teens Project Team, Mitchell, C. M., & Spicer, P. (2009) · Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013456 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
McCabe, M. P., McGillivray, J., & Newton, D. C. (2006) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00772.x · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Ghanbari, E., Yektatalab, S., & Mehrabi, M. (2021) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/19262 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Berry, R. (2008) · Hong Kong University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9789888052059 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Ali, J., & Avison, W. R. (1997) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2955430 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Greenfield, T. K., Stoneking, B. C., Humphreys, K. N., Sundby, E., & Bond, J. C. (2008) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10464-008-9180-1 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Bush, K. R., Peterson, G. W., Cobas, J. A., & Supple, A. J. (2002) · Sociological Inquiry · doi:10.1111/1475-682x.00031 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Girls' relationship authenticity and self-esteem across adolescence.
Impett, E. A., Sorsoli, L., Schooler, D. E., Henson, J. M., & Tolman, D. L. (2008) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.3.722 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Personal Resources and the Social Distribution of Depression
Turner, R. J., Lloyd, D. A., & Roszell, P. (1999) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1023/a:1022189904602 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Influence of Parents' Self-Feelings and Expectations on Children's Academic Performance
Kaplan, D. S., Liu, X., & Kaplan, H. B. (2001) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00220670109598773 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Relative Deprivation and Deviant Adaptations: The Mediating Effects of Negative Self-Feelings
Stiles, B. L., Liu, X., & Kaplan, H. B. (2000) · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0022427800037001003 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Zablah, A. R., Carlson, B. D., Donavan, D. T., Maxham, J. G., & Brown, T. J. (2016) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000079 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Zimmerman, M. A., Caldwell, C. H., & Bernat, D. H. (2002) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb01421.x · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Blank, T. (2003) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/0162-895x.00328 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Personal Resources and Depression in the Transition to Adulthood: Ethnic Comparisons
Turner, R. J., Taylor, J., & Van Gundy, K. (2004) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/002214650404500103 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Kamysheva, E., Skouteris, H., Wertheim, E. H., Paxton, S. J., & Milgrom, J. (2008) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2007.12.005 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
- Authors
- Rosenberg, M., Schooler, C., & Schoenbach, C.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- American Sociological Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1989-12
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1004
- ISSN
- 0003-1224 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2026856938
- Cited by
- 843
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 37
- FWCI
- 24.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Sociological Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
- Keywords
- self-esteem, reciprocal effects, adolescent boys, juvenile delinquency, academic performance, adolescent depression, socioeconomic status, self-concept, youth problems
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
