Measurement of Business Performance in Strategy Research: A Comparison of Approaches
Open accessAbstract
Made available in DSpace on 2012-01-25T22:32:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 onmeasurementofb1135venk.pdf: 1912897 bytes, checksum: 42e6d38d10d29fd36d61de6a2c13e1c1 (MD5) license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) Previous issue date:
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Business performance consists of financial performance (e.g., sales growth, profitability, market value) and operational performance (e.g., market share, product quality).
“We follow the conceptualization by Venkatraman and Ramanujam's (1986) that business performance constitutes of financial performance (e.g., sales growth, profitability, market value) and operational performance (e.g., market share, product quality).”
From Digitalization, business models, and SMEs: How do business model innovation practices improve performance of digitalizing SMEs? (2019) · cites this paper as Venkatraman and Ramanujam's (1986)
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.
Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0046016 · Cited by 17,116 · see citing works
Mixing Qualitative and Quantitative Methods: Triangulation in Action.
Jick, T. D. (1979) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2392366 · Cited by 7,103 · see citing works
On the Measurement of Organizational Slack
Bourgeois, L. J. (1981) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1981.4287985 · Cited by 1,577 · see citing works
Tobin's $q$ Ratio and Industrial Organization
Lindenberg, E. B., & Ross, S. A. (1981) · The Journal of Business · doi:10.1086/296120 · Cited by 1,424 · see citing works
Gupta, A. K., & Govindarajan, V. (1984) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/255955 · Cited by 1,415 · see citing works
Strategic Management: A New View of Business Policy and Planning.
Evered, R. D., Schendel, D. E., & Hofer, C. W. (1980) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2392273 · Cited by 1,124 · see citing works
A System Resource Approach to Organizational Effectiveness
Yuchtman, E., & Seashore, S. E. (1967) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2092843 · Cited by 946 · see citing works
Advances in factor analysis and structural equation models
Jöreskog, K. G., Sörbom, D., & Magidson, J. (1979) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 828 · see citing works
Contingency Perspectives of Organizational Strategy: A Critical Review of the Empirical Research
Ginsberg, A., & Venkatraman, N. (1985) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258125 · Cited by 725 · see citing works
Self-citationProblems in the Measurement of Organizational Effectiveness
Steers, R. M. (1975) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2392022 · Cited by 713 · see citing works
Measuring Organizational Strategies: Some Theoretical and Methodological Problems
Snow, C. C., & Hambrick, D. C. (1980) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1980.4288955 · Cited by 557 · see citing works
Bourgeois, L. J. (1980) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.4250010304 · Cited by 501 · see citing works
Organizational Effectiveness: A Multiple-Constituency Approach
Connolly, T., Conlon, E. J., & Deutsch, S. J. (1980) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/257430 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
Diversification Strategy, Accounting Determined Risk, and Accounting Determined Return.
Bettis, R. A., & Hall, W. K. (1982) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/255989 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Organizational Effectiveness: A Behavioral View.
Pennings, J. M., & Steers, R. M. (1977) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2392190 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Strategic Management: An Integrative Perspective
Hax, A. C., & Majluf, N. S. (1984) · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Operationalizing the Concept of Business-Level Strategy in Research
Hambrick, D. C. (1980) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1980.4288961 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
‘Determinants’ of organizational performance: An interdisciplinary review
Lenz, R. T. (1981) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.4250020204 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Corporate-Level Strategy, Business-Level Strategy, and Firm Performance.
Beard, D. W., & Dess, G. G. (1981) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256169 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Organizational Performance: Recent Developments in Measurement
Kanter, R. M., & Brinkerhoff, D. W. (1981) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.so.07.080181.001541 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Diversification strategy and systematic risk
Montgomery, C. A., & Singh, H. (1984) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.4250050208 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
The Effects of Strategic Planning on Common Stock Returns
Kudla, R. J. (1980) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/255493 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Conceptual Issues of Linkage in the Assessment of Organizational Performance
Ford, J. D., & Schellenberg, D. A. (1982) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1982.4285450 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Divestiture, Market Valuation, and Strategy.
Montgomery, C. A., Thomas, A. R., & Kamath, R. (1984) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/255881 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Organizational Effectiveness: One Model or Several?
Cameron, K. S., & Whetten, D. A. (1983) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-157180-1.50006-9 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Some Conclusions about Organizational Effectiveness
Cameron, K. S., & Whetten, D. A. (1983) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-157180-1.50017-3 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
An Inventory and Critique of Strategy Research Using the PIMS Database
Ramanujam, V., & Venkatraman, N. V. (1984) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1984.4278111 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Self-citationOrganization Effectiveness Measurement and Policy Research
Kirchhoff, B. A. (1977) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1977.4281791 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Operationalizing Organizational Strategy: Toward an Integrative Framework
Ginsberg, A. (1984) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1984.4279708 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Size, Growth, Profits and Executive Compensation in the Large Corporation
Smyth, D. J., Boyes, W. J., & Peseau, D. E. (1975) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-02279-3 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Managing Organizational Performance
Colclough, M., & Nash, M. (1983) · Journal of the Operational Research Society · doi:10.2307/2581841 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Documentary Sources And Strategic Management Research
Glueck, W. F., & Willis, R. (1979) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1979.4289190 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Venkatraman, N. V., & Ramanujam, V. (1985) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationEmpirical Assessment of the Strategy/Tactics Dilemma.
Kirchhoff, B. A., & Kirchhoff, J. J. (1980) · Academy of Management Proceedings · doi:10.5465/ambpp.1980.4975942 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Bagozzi, P. R. (1980). Casual models in marketing . NY: Wiley.
- Campbell, J. P. (1977). On the nature of organizational effectiveness. In Goodman, P. S. , Pennings, J. M. , and Associates (Eds.). New perspectives on organizational effectiveness . San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass .
- Dess, G. G. , & Robinson, R. B. (1984). Measuring organizational per- formance in the absence of objective measures: The case of privately-held firm and conglomerate business unit. Strategic Management Journal , 5, 265-273.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Corporate Social and Financial Performance: A Meta-Analysis
Orlitzky, M., Schmidt, F. L., & Rynes, S. L. (2003) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/0170840603024003910 · Cited by 7,641 · see citing works
Rauch, A., Wiklund, J., Lumpkin, G. T., & Frese, M. (2009) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00308.x · Cited by 3,550 · see citing works
Strategic alignment: Leveraging information technology for transforming organizations
Henderson, J. C., & Venkatraman, H. (1999) · IBM Systems Journal · doi:10.1147/sj.1999.5387096 · Cited by 3,498 · see citing works
Parkhe, A. (1993) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256759 · Cited by 2,698 · see citing works
Spanos, Y. E., & Lioukas, S. (2001) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.174 · Cited by 1,113 · see citing works
Measuring the performance of emerging businesses: a validation study
Chandler, G. N., & Hanks, S. H. (1993) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/0883-9026(93)90021-v · Cited by 728 · see citing works
Bouwman, H., Nikou, S., & de Reuver, M. (2019) · Telecommunications Policy · doi:10.1016/j.telpol.2019.101828 · Cited by 653 · see citing works
Dynamic capabilities and their indirect impact on firm performance
Protogerou, A., Caloghirou, Y., & Lioukas, S. (2012) · Industrial and Corporate Change · doi:10.1093/icc/dtr049 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
Theatrical improvisation: Lessons for organizations
Vera, D., & Crossan, M. (2004) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/0170840604042412 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Busch, T., & Friede, G. (2018) · Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management · doi:10.1002/csr.1480 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Asiaei, K., Bontis, N., Barani, O., & Jusoh, R. (2021) · Journal of Management Control · doi:10.1007/s00187-021-00317-4 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Success-producer and failure-preventer marketing skills: A social learning theory interpretation
McKee, D. O., Conant, J. S., Varadarajan, P. R., & Mokwa, M. P. (1992) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/bf02723472 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Balanced versus focused responsiveness to core constituencies and organizational effectiveness
Koll, O., Woodside, A. G., & Mühlbacher, H. (2005) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/03090560510610789 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Venkatraman, N., & Ramanujam, V.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Venue
- The Academy of Management Review
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 1986-10
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 801
- ISSN
- 0363-7425 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2043448735
- Cited by
- 3,503
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 115 · 2025: 91 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 115 · 2022: 100 · 2021: 114 · 2020: 127 · 2019: 148 · 2018: 157 · 2017: 136 · 2016: 162 · 2015: 180 · 2014: 211 · 2013: 216 · 2012: 181
- FWCI
- 11.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Academy of Management Review (publishedVersion)
- Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) (submittedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management Information Systems › Accounting and Organizational Management
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Management and Organizational Practices
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Organizational Strategy and Culture
- Keywords
- enterprise performance evaluation, organizational performance, organizational effectiveness, performance evaluation, levels of analysis, strategic management
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
