The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Building Theories from Case Study Research
Abstract
Describes the process of building theories from case studies and examines the strengths and weaknesses of this process. The case study research strategy is one in which the goal is to understand the dynamics present within an individual environment. The steps identified for building theory include selecting cases, crafting instruments and protocols, entering the field, analyzing data, shaping hypotheses, enfolding literature, and reaching closure. This process is highly iterative and closely tied to the empirical data. Using case studies to build theory has several advantages. First, it is likely to generate novel theory. Additionally, the theories generated are more likely to be built on constructs that are measurable, and these theories are likely to be empirically valid. On the other hand, this approach has weaknesses which include theories that are overly complex or narrow and idiosyncratic. This approach is best used in situations where one does not want to rely on previous literature or prior empirical evidence. The theories generated from this approach must be grounded in convincing evidence and should present novel ideas which meet the requirements of good theory. (SRD)
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In the citing paper
“The limitation of transferability was acknowledged, as GenAI tools' views might not generalize to other contexts or subjects, requiring further data collection and validation (Eisenhardt, 1989).”
From Designing experiential learning activities with generative artificial intelligence tools for authentic assessment (2024) · cites this paper as Eisenhardt, 1989
In the citing paper
“By using several sources of information, triangulation was made possible (see, e.g., Eisenhardt, 1989).”
From Implementation and management of a circular public procurement contract for furniture (2023) · cites this paper as Eisenhardt, 1989
In the citing paper
“According to Eisenhardt (1989), case studies can be used to accomplish many different aims, and this study explores the implementation of CPP in a public organization and illustrates the complexity and adaption needed to achieve it.”
From Implementation and management of a circular public procurement contract for furniture (2023) · cites this paper as Eisenhardt, 1989
In the citing paper
“In this way, the data were further triangulated for validation (Eisenhardt, 1989).”
From Rethinking the project life cycle – how circularity challenges processes, roles and governance (2025) · cites this paper as Eisenhardt, 1989
In the citing paper
“Data collection was called off when it reached theoretical saturation -i.e., more data cannot generate additional un derstanding to answer the research question (Eisenhardt, 1989).”
From Untangling the critical success factors of the latest compulsory waste sorting initiative in Shanghai: The role of accountability governance (2024) · cites this paper as Eisenhardt, 1989
In the citing paper
“This research followed a purposeful sampling approach for case se lection (Eisenhardt, 1989).”
From Untangling the critical success factors of the latest compulsory waste sorting initiative in Shanghai: The role of accountability governance (2024) · cites this paper as Eisenhardt, 1989
In the citing paper
“Based on Eisenhardt's [121] recommendation to use from four to ten cases, sampling was done by selecting all the small-and medium-sized certified Benefit Corporations stratified by country.”
From Sustainability Reporting and Performance Measurement Systems: How do Small- and Medium-Sized Benefit Corporations Manage Integration? (2018) · cites this paper as [121]
In the citing paper
“Additionally, we addressed transferability by comparing the emerging findings with the existing body of literature [33].”
From Challenges and Opportunities of Generative AI for Higher Education as Explained by ChatGPT (2023) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, transferability was addressed by comparing emerging results with existing literature [33].”
From Challenges and Opportunities of Generative AI for Higher Education as Explained by ChatGPT (2023) · cites this paper as [33]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
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Strategies for Theorizing from Process Data
Langley, A. (1999) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1999.2553248 · Cited by 7,008
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Metadata
- Authors
- Eisenhardt, K. M.
- Corresponding author
- Eisenhardt, Kathleen M.
- Venue
- The Academy of Management Review
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 1989-10
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 532
- ISSN
- 0363-7425 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3123397884
- Cited by
- 17,455
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1747 · 2025: 1680 · 2024: 1325 · 2023: 1518 · 2022: 1654 · 2021: 1464 · 2020: 852 · 2019: 645 · 2018: 621 · 2017: 547 · 2016: 554 · 2015: 557 · 2014: 571 · 2013: 560 · 2012: 512
- FWCI
- 27.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Academy of Management Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Business and International Management › Business and Management Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Comparative Analysis Research
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Business Strategies and Management Research
- Keywords
- theory development, case study research, qualitative research, hypothesis generation, fieldwork, data analysis, construct measurement, empirical validity, novel theory, iterative research process
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