Cited by 42Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesAtherosclerosis and Cardiovascular DiseasesCardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

Plasma Cytokines, Metabolic Syndrome, and Atherosclerosis in Humans

Reilly, Muredach P., Rohatgi, Anand, McMahon, Kimberly, Wolfe, Megan L., Pinto, Shailesh C., Rhodes, Thomas, Girman, Cynthia, Rader, Daniel J.·2007·Journal of Investigative Medicine

Abstract

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) integrate inflammatory and adipose signaling but also have direct vascular effects. We hypothesized that plasma levels of IL-6 and soluble tumor necrosis factor α receptor 2 (sol-TNFR2) would be related to coronary atherosclerosis beyond established risk factors and the metabolic syndrome. Methods: We examined the association of IL-6 and sol-TNFR2 with metabolic syndrome, C-reactive protein (CRP), and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in 875 asymptomatic participants in the Study of Inherited Risk of Coronary Atherosclerosis. Results: IL-6 levels were 56% higher ( p < .001) and sol-TNFR2 levels 16% higher ( p < .001) in subjects with metabolic syndrome compared with those without. Both cytokines were associated with CAC beyond age, gender, Framingham risk scores, family history, metabolic syndrome, and CRP (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of higher CAC for 1 SD increase in log-transformed cytokine levels: 1.23 [1.06-1.43], p = .006 for IL-6 and 1.15 [1.01-1.31], p = .04 for sol-TNFR2). In fact, cytokine levels were independently associated with CAC scores in the subgroup with metabolic syndrome and were additive to the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in predicting CAC. Conclusions: Plasma IL-6 and sol-TNFR2 levels were independently associated with CAC, suggesting a role in integrating innate immune and adipose signaling in promoting atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk. Measurement of their levels may facilitate cardiovascular risk prediction and targeting of therapeutic strategies.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2310/6650.2007.06013

Cites

69 of 69 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Plasma concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α predict the risk of myocardial infarction.

    “Plasma concentrations of IL-6 [31] and TNF-α have been shown to predict the risk of myocardial infarction in several studies [32]”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Reilly, M. P., Rohatgi, A., McMahon, K., Wolfe, M. L., Pinto, S. C., Rhodes, T., Girman, C., & Rader, D. J.
Affiliations
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
  • The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
  • Department of Epidemiology, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA.
Venue
Journal of Investigative Medicine
Published
2007-01
Volume
55
Issue
1
Pages
26-35
ISSN
  • 1081-5589 (ISSN-L)
  • 1708-8267
OpenAlex
W1971294777
Cited by
42
References
69
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
FWCI
4.36
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Investigative Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Center for Research Resources (M01-RR-00040, M01RR000040)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Keywords
interleukin-6, metabolic syndrome, coronary artery calcification, atherosclerosis, C-reactive protein, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk prediction, plasma cytokines, adipose tissue inflammation, innate immunity
MeSH terms
Adult, C-Reactive Protein, Calcinosis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, Coronary Angiography, Metabolic Syndrome, Atherosclerosis

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review