Cited by 352Diabetes Management and EducationDiabetes Management and ResearchDiabetes Treatment and Management

The relationship between diabetes distress and clinical depression with glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes

Open access
Fisher, Lawrence, Glasgow, Russell E., Strycker, Lisa A.·2010·Diabetes Care

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To clarify previous findings that diabetes distress is related to glycemic control and self-management whereas measures of depression are not, using both binary and continuous measures of depression. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Four hundred and sixty-three type 2 patients completed measures of diabetes distress (Diabetes Distress Scale [DDS]) and clinical depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 8 [PHQ8]). PHQ8 was employed as either a binary (≥10) or continuous variable. Dependent variables were A1C, diet, physical activity (PA), and medication adherence (MA). RESULTS: The inclusion of a binary or continuous PHQ8 score yielded no differences in any equation. DDS was significantly associated with A1C and PA, whereas PHQ8 was not; both DDS and PHQ8 were significantly and independently associated with diet and MA. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of association between depression and glycemic control is not due to the use of a binary measure of depression. Findings further clarify the significant association between distress and A1C.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2337/dc09-2175

Cites

14 of 14 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [8]Kroenke K Spitzer RL: A new depression and diagnostic severity measure. Psychiat Ann 2002; 32: 509– 521

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Fisher, L., Glasgow, R. E., & Strycker, L. A.
Affiliations
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • Kaiser Permanente (US)
  • Oregon Research Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Fisher, Lawrence
Venue
Diabetes Care
Published
2010-02-11
Volume
33
Issue
5
Pages
1034-1036
ISSN
  • 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-5548
OpenAlex
W2165573341
Cited by
351
References
14
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 9
FWCI
10.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK035524, R01 DK-35524)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords
diabetes distress, major depressive disorder, type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, HbA1c, diabetes self-management, physical activity, diet, medication adherence, PHQ-8, Diabetes Distress Scale
MeSH terms
Affective Symptoms, Aged, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Health Status, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Self Care

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review