Dairy consumption, type 2 diabetes and changes in cardiometabolic traits-a prospective cohort study of middle-aged and older Chinese in Beijing and Shanghai
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OBJECTIVE To prospectively investigate associations of dairy consumption with risk of type 2 diabetes and changes of cardiometabolic traits. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 2005, 2,091 middle-aged and older Chinese men and women were recruited and followed for 6 years. Baseline dairy consumption was assessed by a 74-item food frequency questionnaire. Erythrocyte fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with flame ion detector. Cardiometabolic traits were measured at both baseline and follow-up visits. RESULTS Only 1,202 (57.5%) participants reported any dairy consumption, with a median intake of 0.89 (interquartile range 0.19-1.03) serving/day. Compared with nonconsumers, the relative risks (RRs) of type 2 diabetes among those having 0.5-1 serving/day and >1 serving/day were 0.70 (95% CI 0.55-0.88) and 0.65 (0.49-0.85), respectively, after multivariate adjustment (Ptrend < 0.001), which were attenuated by further adjusting for changes in glucose during follow-up (Ptrend = 0.07). Total dairy consumption was associated with favorable changes in glucose, waist circumference, BMI, diastolic blood pressure (all Ptrend < 0.05), and systolic blood pressure (Ptrend = 0.05) after multivariate adjustment, including baseline values of dependent variables. Erythrocyte trans-18:1 isomers were significantly correlated with total dairy consumption (rs = 0.37, Ptrend < 0.001), and these dairy food biomarkers were associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. The RR of type 2 diabetes comparing extreme quartiles of trans-18:1 isomers was 0.82 (0.65-1.04, Ptrend = 0.02), which was attenuated after adjustment for dairy consumption (Ptrend = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Dairy consumption was associated with a significantly lower risk of type 2 diabetes and favorable changes of cardiometabolic traits in Chinese.
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In a prospective cohort of 2,091 middle-aged Chinese adults, consuming >1 dairy serving/day was associated with 35% lower risk of T2DM compared with nonconsumers.
“In a prospective cohort of 2,091 middle-aged Chinese men and women monitored for six years, individuals who reported consuming > 1 dairy serving/day were 35% less likely to develop T2DM (RR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.49 and 0.85) than nonconsumers (185).”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [185]
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- Authors
- Zong, G., Sun, Q., Yu, D., Zhu, J., Sun, L., Ye, X., Li, H., Jin, Q., Zheng, H., Hu, F. B., & Lin, X.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lin, Xu
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2013-12-11
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 56-63
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2106595202
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 6.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Keywords
- dairy consumption, type 2 diabetes, cardiometabolic traits, erythrocyte fatty acids, dietary biomarkers, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, middle-aged and older adults, Chinese population
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Analysis of Variance, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, China, Dairy Products, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Angiopathies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Body Mass Index, Asian People, Waist Circumference
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