The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Environmental Triggers and Determinants of Type 1 Diabetes
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is perceived as a chronic immune-mediated disease with a subclinical prodromal period characterized by selective loss of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreatic islets in genetically susceptible subjects. A series of evidence supports a critical role of exogenous factors in the development of type 1 diabetes, such as 1) the fact that <10% of individuals with HLA-conferred diabetes susceptibility do progress to clinical disease, 2) a pairwise concordance of type 1 diabetes of <40% among monozygotic twins, 3) a more than 10-fold difference in the disease incidence among Caucasians living in Europe, 4) a several-fold increase in the incidence over the last 50 years, and 5) migration studies indicating that the disease incidence has increased in population groups who have moved from a low-incidence to a high-incidence region. This article discusses the trigger-booster hypothesis claiming that the diabetic disease process is triggered by an exogenous factor with definite seasonal variation and driven by one or several other environmental determinants. In addition, there are a series of modifying factors affecting the fate and pace of the process. Accordingly, progression to clinical type 1 diabetes typically requires the unfortunate combination of genetic disease susceptibility, a diabetogenic trigger, and a high exposure to a driving antigen.
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Cites
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Self-citationand the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Study Group, Pundziute-Lyckå, A., Dahlquist, G., Nyström, L., Arnqvist, H., Björk, E., Blohmé, G., Bolinder, J., Eriksson, J., Sundkvist, G., et al. (2002) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-002-0845-2 · Cited by 234
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Differentiation of diabetes by pathophysiology, natural history, and prognosis
Skyler, J. S., Bakris, G. L., Bonifacio, E., Darsow, T., Eckel, R. H., Groop, L., Groop, P.-H., Handelsman, Y., Insel, R. A., Mathieu, C., et al. (2017) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db16-0806 · Cited by 823
Widespread seasonal gene expression reveals annual differences in human immunity and physiology
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Näntö-Salonen, K., Kupila, A., Simell, S., Siljander, H., Salonsaari, T., Hekkala, A., Korhonen, S., Erkkola, R., Sipilä, J. I., Haavisto, L., et al. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61309-4 · Cited by 382
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Metadata
- Authors
- Knip, M., Veijola, R., Virtanen, S. M., Hyöty, H., Vaarala, O., & Åkerblom, H. K.
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2005-12-01
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- suppl_2
- Pages
- S125-S136
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W2132216352
- Cited by
- 495
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 11.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Knip, M., Veijola, R., Virtanen, S. M., Hyöty, H., Vaarala, O., & Åkerblom, H. K. (2005). Environmental Triggers and Determinants of Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.54.suppl_2.s125
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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