Cited by 137Diabetes and associated disordersDiabetes Management and ResearchDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

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The Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes in the Age Group 0–39 Years Has Not Increased in Antwerp (Belgium) Between 1989 and 2000

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Weets, Ilse, De Leeuw, Ivo H., Du Caju, Marc V.L., Rooman, Raoul, Keymeulen, Bart, Mathieu, Chantal, Rottiers, Raoul, Daubresse, Jean-Claude, Rocour-Brumioul, Danielle, Pipeleers, Daniel G., Gorus, Frans K., The Belgian Diabetes Registry·2002·Diabetes Care

DOI 10.2337/diacare.25.5.840

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE—A worldwide increase in the incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes has been observed. Because in various countries the majority of new type 1 diabetic patients are diagnosed in adulthood, we investigated whether the rising incidence of this disorder in children reflects a global increase in the incidence of diabetes or a shift toward earlier clinical presentation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The incidence of type 1 diabetes presenting before age 40 years was prospectively measured in the Antwerp district over a 12-year period (1989–2000). The completeness of ascertainment was evaluated by the capture-recapture method. Trends in incidence during the study period were analyzed by Poisson regression. RESULTS—The incidence of type 1 diabetes diagnosed before age 40 years remained constant over the 12-year period, averaging 9.9 cases per 100,000 individuals per year. The incidence was similar in both sexes under age 15 years, but a marked male excess was noted for adult-onset disease, in particular after age 20 years, resulting in a male-to-female ratio of 0.9 under age 15 years vs. 1.6 thereafter (P = 0.001). During the 12-year observation period, there was a significant tendency toward increasing incidence under age 15 years at the expense of a decreasing incidence between ages 15 and 40 years (P = 0.025). The annual increase in incidence averaged 1.8% under age 15 years and 5.0% under age 5 years (P = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS—Our results indicate that in Belgium, the increasing incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes—especially for children under age 5 years—is not attributable to a global increase in disease incidence, but rather to earlier clinical manifestation. The results suggest that an environmental factor may preferentially accelerate the subclinical disease process in young diabetes-prone subjects.

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Authors: Weets, I., De Leeuw, I. H., Du Caju, M. V. L., Rooman, R., Keymeulen, B., Mathieu, C., Rottiers, R., Daubresse, J.-C., Rocour-Brumioul, D., Pipeleers, D. G., Gorus, F. K., & The Belgian Diabetes Registry
Affiliations: Diabetes Research Center, Free University, Brussels, Belgium
Departments of Endocrinology and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
University of Antwerp (BE)
KU Leuven (BE)
Ghent University (BE)
Hôpital Civil de Charleroi (BE)
Centre hospitalier régional de la Citadelle (BE)
ORCID: Weets, Ilse
Rooman, Raoul
Keymeulen, Bart
Mathieu, Chantal
Pipeleers, Daniel G.
Gorus, Frans K.
Venue: Diabetes Care
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 2002-05-01
Volume: 25
Issue: 5
Pages: 840-846
ISSN: 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
1935-5548
DOI: 10.2337/diacare.25.5.840
OpenAlex: W2152560869
Cited by: 137
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 3.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion)
Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Queen's University
Novo Nordisk
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: type 1 diabetes, incidence trends, pediatric diabetes, adult-onset type 1 diabetes, age of onset, sex differences, mark-recapture, environmental risk factors, Antwerp
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Belgium, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Regression Analysis, Time Factors, Incidence, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution

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The Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes in the Age Group 0–39 Years Has Not Increased in Antwerp (Belgium) Between 1989 and 2000

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