Time trends in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Finnish children: a cohort study
Abstract
Background Finland has the highest incidence of type 1 diabetes worldwide, reaching 40 per 100,000 people per year in the 1990s. Our aim was to assess the temporal trend in type 1 diabetes incidence since 2000 in Finnish children aged younger than 15 years and to predict the number of cases of type 1 diabetes in the future. Methods Children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in Finland who were listed on the National Public Health Institute diabetes register, Central Drug Register, and Hospital Discharge Register in 1980-2005 were included in a cohort study. We excluded patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetes occurring secondary to other conditions, such as steroid use, Down's syndrome, and congenital malformations of pancreas. Findings 10,737 children-5816 boys and 4921 girls-were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before 15 years of age during 1980-2005. The average age-standardised incidence was 42.9 per 100,000 per year (95% CI 42.6-44.3) during this period, increasing from 31.4 per 100,000 per year in 1980 to 64.2 per 100,000 per year in 2005. The age-specific rates per 100,000 per year were 31.0, 50.5, and 50.6 at ages 0-4 years, 5-9 years, and 10-14-years, respectively. We noted a significant non-linear component to the time trend (p Interpretation The incidence of type 1 diabetes in Finnish children is increasing even faster than before. The number of new cases diagnosed at or before 14 years of age will double in the next 15 years and the age of onset will be younge…
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Increases in incidence of type 1 diabetes have not occurred equally across all age groups; in Europe, the most substantial increases have been in children younger than 5 years of age.
“Increases in incidence have not occurred equally across all age groups; in Europe, the most substantial increases have been noted in children younger than 5 years of age.5,21”
From Type 1 diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [5]
Peaks in presentation of type 1 diabetes occur between 5-7 years of age and at or near puberty.
“Peaks in presentation occur between 5–7 years of age and at or near puberty.5”
From Type 1 diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- Harjutsalo, V., Sjöberg, L., & Tuomilehto, J.
- Affiliations
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (FI)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Harjutsalo, Valma
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-05
- Volume
- 371
- Issue
- 9626
- Pages
- 1777-1782
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2141466818
- Cited by
- 666
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 55 · 2012: 54
- FWCI
- 33.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Academy of Finland
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, incidence trends, pediatric diabetes, sex differences in incidence, age-specific incidence, incidence forecasting, Finland, diabetes registry, hospital discharge data, diabetes epidemiology, diabetes prevention policy
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Finland, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Population Surveillance, Registries, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, Incidence, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution
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