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Cited by 136Cardiovascular Health and Risk FactorsHealth Promotion and Cardiovascular PreventionCardiac Health and Mental Health

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 95 of the 99 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Effectiveness of individual lifestyle interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease and risk factors

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Ketola, Eeva, Sipilä, Raija, Mäkelä, Marjukka·2000·Annals of Medicine
DOI 10.3109/07853890009011767
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Abstract

In order to assess the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors, morbidity and mortality among working-age adults, we undertook a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of various lifestyle interventions (diet, exercise, smoking cessation, alcohol intake reduction) in adults followed for 1 year or longer. Twenty-one single-factor and 21 multifactorial interventions were analysed by outcome. Changes in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and total mortality were considered as main outcomes. Changes in weight, total cholesterol, blood pressure, sodium excretion, smoking and alcohol consumption were also analysed, and numbers needed to treat were calculated for smoking, morbidity and mortality. In secondary prevention, both single and multifactorial lifestyle interventions were shown to reduce morbidity and mortality, and multifactorial approaches reduced cholesterol levels. Primary prevention was found to reduce risk factors efficiently, especially when the intervention is multifactorial. Effect sizes were heterogeneous with wide confidence intervals. Standardized ways of describing interventions, measuring their effects and reporting outcomes systematically would facilitate effect-size evaluations. Interventions should optimally be multifactorial and targeted at high-risk patients with multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

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Research works printed but not linked: 11

  1. Silagy C, 1998, The Cochrane Library, Issue 2
  2. Beilin L J, 1994, J Hypertens, 12, S71
  3. Ebrahim S, 1999, The Cochrane Library, Issue 3
  4. Guyatt G H, 1993, JAMA, 270, 2598, 10.1001/jama.1993.03510210084032 · DOI
  5. Strandberg T E, 1995, Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 5, 7
  6. Carson P, 1982, J R Coll Physicians Lond, 16, 147
  7. 1968, Lancet, 2, 693
  8. Niebauer J, 1996, Am J Cardiol, 78, 163, 10.1016/S0002-9149(96)00251-2 · DOI
  9. 1986, Lancet, 869
  10. Baron J A, 1990, Br J Gen Pract, 40, 137
  11. Stamler R, 1989, JAMA, 262, 1801, 10.1001/jama.1989.03430130077038 · DOI

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Metadata

Authors
Ketola, E., Sipilä, R., & Mäkelä, M.
Corresponding author
Ketola, Eeva
ORCID
Venue
Annals of Medicine
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2000-01
Volume
32
Issue
4
Pages
239-251
ISSN
  • 0785-3890 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2060
DOI
10.3109/07853890009011767
OpenAlex
W2142524048
Cited by
135
References
99
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI
1.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Annals of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
Keywords
lifestyle intervention, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors, multifactorial intervention, diet, physical activity, smoking cessation, alcohol consumption reduction, secondary prevention, primary prevention, cardiovascular morbidity, cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, cholesterol, blood pressure, sodium excretion, weight, number needed to treat, working-age adults
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Alcohol Drinking, Blood Pressure, Body Weight, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cholesterol, Diet, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Smoking, Sodium, Health Behavior, Exercise, Survival Rate, Confidence Intervals, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Smoking Cessation, Outcome Assessment, Health Care

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