The Hypertension Prevention Trial: Three-Year Effects of Dietary Changes on Blood Pressure
Abstract
• A total of 841 healthy men and women aged 25 to 49 years, with diastolic blood pressures of 78 to 89 mm Hg, were randomly assigned to a control treatment group (no dietary counseling) or to one of four dietary counseling treatment groups (reduced calories, reduced sodium, reduced sodium and calories, or reduced sodium and increased potassium). Participants were followed for a 3-year period to assess the effect of dietary changes on blood pressure. After 6 months, counseling had resulted in a net (of control) mean overnight urinary sodium reduction of 13%, a potassium increase of 8%, and a decrease in mean body weight of 7%. At 3 years, the sodium and weight reductions were 10% and 4%, respectively; the potassium change was nil. All four dietary counseling treatment groups had lower mean blood pressures than the control group. The largest net reduction in blood pressure occurred in the calorie group: diastolic pressure was 2.8 mm Hg and 1.8 mm Hg and systolic pressure, 5.1 mm Hg and 2.4 mm Hg at 6 months and 3 years, respectively. All four dietary counseling treatment groups experienced fewer hypertensive events; significantly fewer occurred in the sodium groups. The beneficial effects on blood pressure achieved in this trial have implications for the prevention of cardiovascular disease through dietary reduction of calories and sodium. (Arch Intern Med.1990;150:153-162)
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In the Hypertension Prevention Trial, the groups with reduced sodium intake had a significantly lower rate of hypertension.
“The groups with reduced sodium intake had a significantly lower rate of hypertension.”
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Lackland, D. T., & Egan, B. M. (2007) · Current Hypertension Reports · doi:10.1007/s11906-007-0057-8 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Dietary factors in the pathogenesis and treatment of hypertension
Nurminen, M., Korpela, R., & Vapaatalo, H. (1998) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853899808999397 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hypertension Prevention Trial Research Group
- Corresponding author
- Hypertension Prevention Trial Research Group
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1990-01-01
- Volume
- 150
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 153
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4242085430
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 7.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- hypertension prevention, nutrition counseling, sodium reduction, calorie reduction, potassium intake, blood pressure reduction, sodium excretion, weight loss, cardiovascular disease prevention, middle-aged adults
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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