Cited by 76Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ResearchEpigenetics and DNA MethylationFolate and B Vitamins Research

Metabolic control of the epigenome in systemic Lupus erythematosus

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Oaks, Zachary, Perl, Andras·2014·Autoimmunity

Abstract

Epigenetic mechanisms are proposed to underlie aberrant gene expression in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that results in dysregulation of the immune system and loss of tolerance. Modifications of DNA and histones require substrates derived from diet and intermediary metabolism. DNA and histone methyltransferases depend on S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. SAM is generated from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and methionine by methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), a redox-sensitive enzyme in the SAM cycle. The availability of B vitamins and methionine regulate SAM generation. The DNA of SLE patients is hypomethylated, indicating dysfunction in the SAM cycle and methyltransferase activity. Acetyl-CoA, which is necessary for histone acetylation, is generated from citrate produced in mitochondria. Mitochondria are also responsible for de novo synthesis of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) for histone demethylation. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is the dominant source of ATP. The depletion of ATP in lupus T cells may affect MAT activity as well as adenosine monophosphate (AMP) activated protein kinase (AMPK), which phosphorylates histones and inhibits mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). In turn, mTOR can modify epigenetic pathways including methylation, demethylation, and histone phosphorylation and mediates enhanced T-cell activation in SLE. Beyond their role in metabolism, mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), which activate mTOR and regulate the activity of histone and DNA modifying enzymes. In this review we will focus on the sources of metabolites required for epigenetic regulation and how the flux of the underlying metabolic pathways affects gene expression.

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Crossref · 10.3109/08916934.2013.834495

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  • Dietary biomolecules can modulate mitochondrial activity in pathways involved in energy supply, mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production.

    “Biomolecules provided by the diet are also able to modulate mitochondrial activity in various metabolic pathways, such as those involved in energy supply, mitochondrial dynamics and mtROS production84”

    From The role of mitochondria in rheumatic diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [84]

    The Abstract and Introduction link diet-derived metabolites to metabolic pathways and identify mitochondria as sources of ATP and reactive oxygen intermediates. They do not establish that dietary biomolecules modulate mitochondrial dynamics or mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production; searches for those links found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  1. [63]Puri H Campbell RA Puri-Harner V 1978 Serum-free polyamines in children with systemic lupus erythematosus 2 New York Raven Press 359 367

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Authors
Oaks, Z., & Perl, A.
Affiliations
SUNY Upstate Medical University (US)
Venue
Autoimmunity
Published
2013-10-16
Volume
47
Issue
4
Pages
256-264
ISSN
  • 0891-6934 (ISSN-L)
  • 1607-842X
OpenAlex
W1983365359
Cited by
76
References
119
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5
FWCI
0.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Autoimmunity (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI072648, R01AI072648)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (U01AR076092)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Folate and B Vitamins Research
Keywords
systemic lupus erythematosus, epigenetics, S-adenosylmethionine, methionine adenosyltransferase, DNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation, mitochondrial metabolism, AMPK, mTOR, reactive oxygen species, T cell activation, B vitamins, methionine, ATP depletion
MeSH terms
Histone Methyltransferases, Animals, Histones, Humans, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Lymphocyte Activation, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, S-Adenosylmethionine, T-Lymphocytes, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic

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