“Recovery” in bipolar disorder: how can service users be supported through a self-management intervention? A qualitative focus group study
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic and recurrent affective disorder. Recovery is defined as the process by which people can live fulfilling lives despite experiencing symptoms. AIMS: To explore how an opportunistically recruited group of service users with BD experience recovery and self-management to understand more about how a service users' recovery may be supported. METHOD: Twelve service users with BD took part in a series of focus groups. Service users' responses to questions about their personal experiences of self-management and recovery were analysed. Focus groups were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis ([ Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101]) was employed to identify common themes in the data. RESULTS: Four key themes were identified: (1) Recovery is not about being symptom free; (2) Recovery requires taking responsibility for your own wellness; (3) Self-management: building on existing techniques; (4) Overcoming barriers to recovery: negativity, stigma and taboo. CONCLUSION: Service users with BD have provided further support for the concept of recovery and have suggested a number of ways recovery can be supported. A self-management approach informed by the recovery literature has been proposed as a way to support service users' recovery.
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People with bipolar disorders have previously described these relapse prevention techniques as useful post-intervention changes and ways of remaining well.
“People with bipolar disorders have previously described these relapse prevention techniques as useful post-intervention changes (Chadwick et al., 2011; O'Connor et al., 2008; Todd, Jones, & Lobban, 2012) and ways of remaining well (Murray et al., 2010; Russell & Browne, 2005).”
From What are People's Experiences of a Novel Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Bipolar Disorders? A Qualitative Investigation with Participants on the TEAMS Trial. (2017) · cites this paper as Todd, Jones, & Lobban, 2012
Participants have emphasised the importance of a purposeful, fulfilling life over remaining relapse-free, including facing social fears through increasing social activity and learning to express one's own needs.
“Participants have emphasised the importance of a purposeful, fulfilling life over remaining relapse-free (Todd et al., 2012) including facing social fears through increasing social activity and learning to express one's own needs (Mansell et al., 2010).”
From What are People's Experiences of a Novel Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Bipolar Disorders? A Qualitative Investigation with Participants on the TEAMS Trial. (2017) · cites this paper as Todd et al., 2012
As stated in (71), participants did not consider mental health services to promote self-management and this was seen as going against their recovery.
“As stated in (71), participants did not consider mental health services to promote self-management and this was seen as going against their recovery.”
From Recovery from Severe Mental Health Problems: A Systematic Review of Service User and Informal Caregiver Perspectives (2021) · cites this paper as [71]
Participants wished to assert their position as experts by experience and those who did not engage with services were seen as "winners".
“Participants wished to assert their position as experts by experience and those who did not engage with services were seen as “winners”: “taking responsibility is at the heart of the recovery process as people are empowered to make their own choices and focus on their own outcomes.””
From Recovery from Severe Mental Health Problems: A Systematic Review of Service User and Informal Caregiver Perspectives (2021) · cites this paper as [71]
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- Authors
- TODD, N. J., JONES, S. H., & LOBBAN, F. A.
- Affiliations
- Lancaster University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- TODD, NICHOLAS J.
- Venue
- Journal of Mental Health
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-12-05
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 114-126
- ISSN
- 0963-8237 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0567
- OpenAlex
- W2008110990
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 3.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Mental Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mental Health and Patient Involvement
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Keywords
- bipolar disorder, recovery, self-management, service user experiences, mental health stigma, barriers to recovery, recovery-oriented interventions
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Bipolar Disorder, England, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Middle Aged, Self Care, Self-Help Groups, Focus Groups, Internet, Qualitative Research, Social Stigma
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