Effect of Fruit Vinegars on Liver Damage and Oxidative Stress in High-Fat-Fed Rats
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT: Vinegar has long been used as a condiment and a traditional medicine worldwide. OBJECTIVE: The current study investigates the antioxidant effect of three types of fruit vinegars (FV) namely pomegranate [Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae)], prickly pear [Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae)], and apple [Malus domestica Borkh. (Rosaceae)] vinegars in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups; HFD (80 cal/d) fed rats were orally dosed with fruit vinegars (7 ml/kg) once daily for 28 weeks. At the end of the experiment, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation products, antioxidant enzymes, and trace elements were assessed in serum. In addition, a liver histopathological study was performed. RESULTS: HFD showed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in lipid profile and TBARS levels when compared with normal control. Daily oral administration of FV normalized various biochemical, metabolic, and histopathological changes. However, pomegranate vinegar exhibited a very significant (p ≤ 0.001) reduction in lipid profile levels (total cholesterol: 165%, triglycerides: 68%, LDL-c: 76%, and atherogenic index: 80%), whereas an increase in antioxidant status (SOD: 7-fold, GPx: 4.81-fold, GRx: 1.66-fold, and TAS: 3.45-fold) when compared with hyperlipidemic control. Histopathological examinations also confirmed the protective effects of pomegranate vinegar against lipid accumulation and the improvement of hepatic lesions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The fruit vinegars regulate lipid metabolism and decrease liver damage in high-fat fed rats as shown in this study.
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Administration of fruits vinegar prevents oxidative stress.
“Fruits vinegars can be useful for the attenuation of oxidative stress through enhancing enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants levels.”
From Fruits Vinegar: Quality Characteristics, Phytochemistry, and Functionality (2021) · cites this paper as [32]
The ‘Effect of fruit vinegars on oxidative stress’ section reports that pomegranate vinegar increased antioxidant enzyme activities and total antioxidant status while lowering markers of oxidative stress in high-fat-fed rats. It does not separately establish increased non-enzymatic antioxidant levels, and the clearest results concern pomegranate vinegar rather than fruit vinegars generally. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn vivo studies have shown that fruits vinegar increased enzymatic antioxidants including SOD (7 fold), GPX (4.81 fold), GRx (1.66 fold), and TAS (3.45 fold).
“In vivo studies have shown that fruits vinegar increased enzymatic antioxidants including superoxide dismutase (SOD) (7 fold), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) (4.81 fold), glutathione reductase (GRx) (1.66 fold), and total antioxidant status (TAS) (3.45 fold).”
From Fruits Vinegar: Quality Characteristics, Phytochemistry, and Functionality (2021) · cites this paper as [32]
The ‘Effect of fruit vinegars on oxidative stress’ section reports exactly these four increases after pomegranate vinegar was administered. The claim generalizes the result to fruit vinegars without specifying pomegranate vinegar, and it calls TAS an enzymatic antioxidant although the paper identifies it as total antioxidant status. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredFruits vinegar decreased TBARS levels both in serum and liver by 61.20% and 43.83% against hyper fat diet.
“Additionally, fruits vinegar proved its ability to decrease TBARS levels both in serum and liver by 61.20% and 43.83% against hyper fat diet [32].”
From Fruits Vinegar: Quality Characteristics, Phytochemistry, and Functionality (2021) · cites this paper as [32]
The “Effect of fruit vinegars on oxidative stress” section reports that pomegranate vinegar reduced TBARS in serum by 61.20% and in liver by 43.85% in high-fat-fed rats. The citing sentence gives the liver reduction as 43.83% and attributes the measured reductions to fruit vinegar generally rather than specifically to pomegranate vinegar. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAdministration of fruits vinegar provides a remarkable antioxidant ability.
“The antioxidant properties of fruits vinegar were previously studied.”
From Fruits Vinegar: Quality Characteristics, Phytochemistry, and Functionality (2021) · cites this paper as [32]
Fruits vinegar consumption positively counteracts numerous diseases.
“Literature data reported that fruits vinegar consumption is positively counteracting against numerous diseases [3,32,39,42,62,67,84,85,86].”
From Fruits Vinegar: Quality Characteristics, Phytochemistry, and Functionality (2021) · cites this paper as [32]
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- Authors
- Bouazza, A., Bitam, A., Amiali, M., Bounihi, A., Yargui, L., & Koceir, E. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (DZ)
- École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (DZ)
- Corresponding author
- Bouazza, Asma
- Venue
- Pharmaceutical Biology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-04-08
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 260-265
- ISSN
- 0925-1618 (ISSN-L)
- 1388-0209
- 1744-5116
- OpenAlex
- W1988723183
- Semantic Scholar
- ef1b38ca8940770bc4eb88f047491c90b1359c39
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 3.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Pharmaceutical Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Pomegranate: compositions and health benefits
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- fruit vinegar, apple cider vinegar, high-fat diet, hyperlipidemia, liver injury, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, lipid profile, lipid metabolism, hepatoprotection
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antioxidants, Body Weight, Dietary Fats, Disease Models, Animal, Fermentation, Fruit, Liver, Male, Organ Size, Rats, Wistar, Oxidative Stress, Acetic Acid, Dyslipidemias, Lipid Metabolism, Diet, High-Fat, Polyphenols
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