A Short History of Primary Care Practice-based Research Networks: From Concept to Essential Research Laboratories
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Sail forth—steer for the deep waters only, reckless O Soul, exploring, I with thee, and thou with me, for we are bound where mariner has not yet dared to go, and we will risk the ship, ourselves and all. —Walt Whitman This is a story about the evolution of practice-based research networks (
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Reports of PBRN performance metrics are rare for both medical and dental PBRNs, and have primarily focused on the number of studies completed and the number of participants involved.
“Indeed, reports of PBRN performance metrics are rare for both medical and dental PBRNs, and have primarily focused on the number of studies completed and the number of participants involved [6,14,15].”
From Structure, function, and productivity from the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network. (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
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Practice-based research--“Blue Highways” on the NIH roadmap
Westfall, J. M., Mold, J., & Fagnan, L. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.297.4.403 · Cited by 1,209 · see citing works
“Practice-based research has a long and robust history in the United States and throughout the world but receives limited attention from mainstream academic clinical research laboratories and the NIH.”
BackgroundMaking research relevant: if it is an evidence-based practice, where's the practice-based evidence?
Green, L. W. (2008) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cmn055 · Cited by 633 · see citing works
Self-citationWinterbauer, N. L., Bekemeier, B., VanRaemdonck, L., & Hoover, A. (2016) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244016679211 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
“PH-PBRNs are modeled after clinically oriented PBRNs, which have focused on patient care and practice design in the United States for more than 30 years (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2012; Green & Hickner, 2006).”
The creation and development of the dental practice-based research network
Gilbert, G. H., Williams, O. D., Rindal, D. B., Pihlstrom, D. J., Benjamin, P. L., & Wallace, M. C. (2008) · The Journal of the American Dental Association · doi:10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0024 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
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“The network defines a non-practitioner as anyone who does not meet both of these criteria: (1) currently licensed to practice dentistry or dental hygiene; and (2) currently treats patients on a regular basis.”
BackgroundReducing Cardiovascular Disparities Through Community-Engaged Implementation Research
Mensah, G. A., Cooper, R., Siega‐Riz, A. M., Cooper, L. A., Smith, J. D., Brown, C. H., Westfall, J. M., Ofili, E., Price, L. N., Arteaga, S. S., et al. (2018) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.117.312243 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
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“PBRNs are the culmination of a long research tradition in primary care pioneered by figures such as James Mackenzie, Will Pickles, John Fry, and Curtis Hames and emphasizing the careful observation of individual patients pieced together to build generalizable knowledge ( Green and Hickner 2006 ).”
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A systems-based partnership learning model for strengthening primary healthcare
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“healthcare, particularly in the United States [32,33].”
Practice-based Research is Community Engagement
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Medical education practice-based research networks: Facilitating collaborative research
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“Scientific research networks and clinical research networks have a long history, with primary care practice-based research networks (PBRNs) emerging in the 1960s (Green & Hickner 2006).”
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Bridging the gap between basic science and clinical practice: a role for community clinicians
Kahn, K. L., Ryan, G. W., Beckett, M. K., Taylor, S., Berrebi, C., Cho, M., Quiter, E. S., Fremont, A. M., & Pincus, H. A. (2011) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-6-34 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“In addition to the NIH endorsement, value associated with community provider participation is becoming more apparent [16,17].”
BackgroundFrayne, S. M., Carney, D. V., Bastian, L. A., Bean‐Mayberry, B., Sadler, A. G., Klap, R. S., Phibbs, C. S., Kimerling, R. E., Vogt, D. S., Yee, E. F. T., et al. (2013) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-013-2476-3 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“The WH-PBRN builds upon a tradition of non-VA PBRNs.8 By collaborating across practice settings, PBRNs S504 make it feasible to recruit from a larger pool of prospective study participants, which is critical for VA women’s health research.”
Backgroundthe DPBRN Collaborative Group, Makhija, S. K., Gilbert, G. H., Rindal, D. B., Benjamin, P., Richman, J. S., Pihlstrom, D. J., & Qvist, V. (2009) · BMC Oral Health · doi:10.1186/1472-6831-9-26 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“PBRNs have great potential to speed this process [23, 24 ,26-29].”
BackgroundPractice-Based Research: Another Pathway for Closing the Research–Practice Gap
Crooke, P. J., & Olswang, L. B. (2015) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2015_jslhr-l-15-0243 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Lessons Learned During the Conduct of Clinical Studies in The Dental PBRN
Gilbert, G. H., Richman, J. S., Gordan, V. V., Rindal, D. B., Fellows, J. L., Benjamin, P. L., Wallace‐Dawson, M., Williams, O. D., & for The DPBRN Collaborative Group (2011) · Journal of Dental Education · doi:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2011.75.4.tb05069.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“Some literature does exist on these challenges.(4,6,13-17) However, to our knowledge, none have addressed the broad and diverse range of scientific and operational challenges faced by the DPBRN—challenges that have derived from multiple U.”
Peterson, K. A., Lipman, P. D., Lange, C. J., Cohen, R. A., & Durako, S. (2012) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2012.05.120100 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“Keywords: Family Medicine Research, Practice-based Research, Practice-based Research Networks Primary care practice-based research networks (PBRNs) enhance the performance of clinical research in community settings and speed the dissemination of new knowledge into practice.1,2 Bound by a shared commitment to improving…”
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“The AAFP NRN was established in 2000 to replace ASPN as the national family medicine PBRN.(4,5) Since the AAFP NRN s inception, primary care”
MethodStructure, function, and productivity from the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network.
Gilbert, G. H., Fellows, J. L., Allareddy, V., Cochran, D. L., Cunha-Cruz, J., Gordan, V. V., McBurnie, M. A., Meyerowitz, C., Mungia, R., Rindal, D. B., et al. (2022) · Journal of Clinical and Translational Science · doi:10.1017/cts.2022.421 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“Indeed, reports of PBRN performance metrics are rare for both medical and dental PBRNs, and have primarily focused on the number of studies completed and the number of participants involved [6,14,15].”
BackgroundCohen, D. J., Keller, S., DeVoe, J. E., & Davis (2012) · Journal of Healthcare Leadership · doi:10.2147/jhl.s16441 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“Frequently considered the seminal US PBRN, the ASPN’s research and leadership played a critical role in early PBRN development.(9,10) A second national PBRN, Pediatric Research in Office Settings, was established in 1986 by the American Academy of Pediatrics, demonstrating the merit of these networks.”
InfluentialAgreement Between Clinician and Patient Ratings of Adaptive Functioning and Developmental History
DeFife, J. A., Drill, R. L., Nakash, O., & Westen, D. (2010) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09101489 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
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“This illustrates the specific need for collecting data from the sector of care where the patients are thought to benefit from the research results, and hence the relevance of data collected through primary care practice-based research networks (144).”
BackgroundRevisiting Practice-Based Research Networks as a Platform for Mental Health Services Research
McMillen, J. C., Lenze, S. L., Hawley, K. M., & Osborne, V. A. (2009) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-009-0222-2 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“This work went largely unnoticed in the United States until the late 1970s, when family medicine physicians began to promote PBRNs within their field (e.g., Green and Hickner 2005).”
Redesigning Primary Care Practice to Incorporate Health Behavior Change
Green, L. A., Cifuentes, M., Glasgow, R. E., & Stange, K. C. (2008) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.08.013 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
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Research and evaluation in the transformation of primary care.
Peek, C. J., Cohen, D. J., & deGruy, F. V. (2014) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0036223 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“PBRNs have been a feature of primary care research in the United States since the early 1980s (Davis, Keller, DeVoe, & Cohen, 2012; L. A. Green & Hickner, 2006).”
BackgroundOptimizing Practice Through Research: A New Perspective to Solve an Old Problem
Kottke, T. E., Solberg, L. I., Nelson, A. F., Belcher, D. W., Caplan, W., Green, L. W., LYDICK, E. G., Magid, D. J., Rolnick, S. J., & Woolf, S. H. (2008) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.862 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationFaith-Based Organizations, Science, and the Pursuit of Health
Asomugha, C. N., Derose, K. P., & Lurie, N. (2011) · Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved · doi:10.1353/hpu.2011.0008 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Collaborations to facilitate success of community pharmacy practice-based research networks
Goode, J. R., Mott, D. A., & Chater, R. W. (2008) · Journal of the American Pharmacists Association · doi:10.1331/japha.2008.07139 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Dania, A., Nagykaldi, Z. J., Haaranen, A., Muris, J. W. M., Evans, P. H., Mäntyselkä, P. T., & van Weel, C. (2021) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2021.04.200595 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Solberg, L. I. (2006) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-1-25 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Pruchnicki, M. C., Rodis, J. L., Beatty, S. J., Clark, C. A., McAuley, J. W., Mehta, B. H., Pedersen, C. A., Protus, B. M., & Bennett, M. S. (2008) · Journal of the American Pharmacists Association · doi:10.1331/japha.2008.07136 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Family Medicine Research in the United States From the late 1960s Into the Future.
Bowman, M. A., Lucan, S. C., Rosenthal, T. C., Mainous, A. G., & James, P. A. (2017) · PubMed · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Dulin, M., Tapp, H., Smith, H. A., de Hernandez, B. U., Coffman, M. J., Ludden, T., Sørensen, J., & Furuseth, O. J. (2012) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-769 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Although CBPR has been offered as a means of promoting community relationships and providing a framework for community interventions, there are still only a handful of published studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of CBPR in directly influencing health outcomes, indicating a clear need for additional studies [6…”
BackgroundThe Prevention Research Centers as Models of Practice-Based Evidence
Green, L. W. (2007) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2007.03.012 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationFormation of a primary care pharmacist practice-based research network
Dickerson, L. M., Kraus, C. K., Kuo, G. M., Weber, C. A., Bazaldua, O. V., Tovar, J. M., Hume, A. L., Ives, T. J., Gums, J. G., & Carter, B. L. (2007) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.2146/ajhp060650 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
No Longer Simply a Practice-based Research Network (PBRN): Health Improvement Networks
Williams, R. L., & Rhyne, R. L. (2011) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2011.05.110102 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“(Green and Hickner have provided an excellent history of the development of PBRNs, for those interested in more detail.(4)) An important evolution of PBRNs began to take shape around the turn of the century as federal funders, in providing precious infrastructure funding for PBRNs, prioritized networks with clinicians…”
BackgroundPharmacy practice-based research networks: Why, what, who, and how
Lipowski, E. E. (2008) · Journal of the American Pharmacists Association · doi:10.1331/japha.2008.08018 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Greiver, M., Dahrouge, S., O’Brien, P. J., Manca, D. P., Lussier, M., Wang, J., Burge, F., Grandy, M., Singer, A. G., Twohig, M., et al. (2019) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-019-0904-4 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Birden, H. H. (2007) · Rural and Remote Health · doi:10.22605/rrh776 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Green, L. W., & Allegrante, J. P. (2020) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/0890117120960580b · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Thus, continuous quality improvement, Berwick said, has been one of medicine’s best applications of participatory research and evaluation in response to the growing concern that academic medical research and evidence-based medicine were failing to translate its research fully to practice.4 Primary care researchers and…”
BackgroundSelf-citationHormone Therapy in Adults: Suggested Revisions to the Sixth Version of the Standards of Care
Feldman, J., & Safer, J. D. (2009) · International Journal of Transgenderism · doi:10.1080/15532730903383757 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“Practice-based research, whether performed by individual clinics or, ideally, a practice-based research network (PBRN), provides a structure for bringing together adequate numbers of researchers, clinicians, and patients (and their communities) for meaningful results ( Graham et al, 2007 ; Green & Hickner, 2006 ).”
BackgroundLazarus, S., Duran, B. J., Caldwell, L., & Bulbuli, S. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/38411 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“…Participatory Research (CBPR) (Israel, 2005; Minkler & Wallerstein, 2008), Participatory Action Research (PAR) (Cornwall & Jewkes, 1995), Action Research (Reason & Bradbury, 2001, 2008), and Research Practice Networks (Green & Hickner, 2006; Westfall, Mold & Fagnan, 2007), amongst others.”
Outcomes of root canal treatment in Dental Practice-Based Research Network practices.
Gilbert, G. H., Tilashalski, K. R., Litaker, M. S., McNeal, S. F., Boykin, M. J., & Kessler, A. W. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 28 · see citing works
How can primary care cross the quality chasm?
Solberg, L. I., Elward, K. S., Phillips, W. R., Gill, J. M., Swanson, G., Main, D. S., Yawn, B. P., Mold, J. W., Phillips, R. L., & for the Napcrg Committee on Advancing the Science of Family Medicine (2009) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.951 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Davis, M. M., Gunn, R., Kenzie, E., Dickinson, C., Conway, C., Chau, A., Michaels, L., Brantley, S., Check, D. K., & Elder, N. (2021) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-021-06610-1 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“Study topic Preventive services* 9 (35) 2 (50) 5 (63) 2 (14) Care delivery models 9 (35) 1 (25) 2 (25) 6 (43) Specific disease 3 (12) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (21) Geriatric topics 3 (12) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (21) Medication management 2 (8) 1 (25) 1 (13) 0 (0) Study length—mean (range) 3.”
Practice-based research networks add value to evidence-based quality improvement
Goldstein, K. M., Vogt, D. S., Hamilton, A., Frayne, S. M., Gierisch, J. M., Blakeney, J., Sadler, A. G., Bean‐Mayberry, B., Carney, D. V., Leone, B. A. L. D., et al. (2017) · Healthcare · doi:10.1016/j.hjdsi.2017.06.008 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Creating a culture of research
Avins, A. L., & Goldberg, H. (2007) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2007.02.004 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Indeed, despite the enormous practical obstacles, some clinicians have succeeded in establishing their own research programs, and others have joined likeminded colleagues in creating networks of clinician-focused research groups [29–31].”
BackgroundYawn, B. P., Pace, W. D., Dietrich, A. J., Bertram, S. L., Kurland, M., Graham, D., Huff, J., Rocca, L. G., & Wollan, P. C. (2010) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2010.04.090246 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Gaglioti, A. H., Werner, J., Rust, G., Fagnan, L. J., & Neale, A. V. (2016) · Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2016.05.160080 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Westfall, J. M., Roper, R., Gaglioti, A., & Nease, Jr. (2019) · Ethnicity & Disease · doi:10.18865/ed.29.s1.113 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Lucock, M. P., Barkham, M., Donohoe, G., Kellett, S., McMillan, D., Mullaney, S., Sainty, A., Saxon, D. H., Thwaites, R., & Delgadillo, J. (2017) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-017-0810-5 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“PRNs have their origins in medicine with the pioneering work of key individuals including British General Practitioners James McKenzie, Will Pickles, and John Fry (see Barkham 2014; Green and Hickner 2006).”
BackgroundAdams, J., Steel, A., Chang, S., & Sibbritt, D. W. (2015) · Chiropractic & Manual Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12998-015-0057-8 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“A PBRN design has been previously utilised in a range of health care fields including general practice [21-23], pharmacy [24] and dentistry [25].”
BackgroundHickner, J., & Green, L. A. (2015) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2015.05.150227 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationDegenhardt, B. F., Johnson, J. C., Gross, S., Hagan, C., Lund, G. C., & Curry, W. J. (2014) · Journal of Osteopathic Medicine · doi:10.7556/jaoa.2014.033 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Recruiting Rural Participants for a Telehealth Intervention on Diabetes Self‐Management
Miyamoto, S., Henderson, S., Young, H. M., Ward, D., & Santillan, V. (2012) · The Journal of Rural Health · doi:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2012.00443.x · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“18-20 The presence of a network allows researchers to build long-term relationships with local care providers and establish a foundation for future research endeavors.(18,21) While these approaches have proven successful, they require significant time and effort to establish trusted and mutually beneficial relationshi…”
Saag, K. G., Mohr, P. E., Esmail, L. C., Mudano, A. S., Wright, N. C., Beukelman, T., Curtis, J. R., Cutter, G., Delzell, E., Gary, L. C., et al. (2012) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2012.07.002 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“the United States [16,19].”
Young, L., Barnason, S. A., & Do, V. (2015) · Online Journal of Rural Research & Policy · doi:10.4148/1936-0487.1070 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“The Practice-Based Research Networks model (Lindbloom et al., 2004; Mold & Peterson, 2005), on the other hand, utilizes rural healthcare providers to conduct research (Green & Hickner, 2006).”
Kuo, G. M., Steinbauer, J. R., & Spann, S. J. (2008) · Journal of the American Pharmacists Association · doi:10.1331/japha.2008.07142 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Practice‐based research networks: Origins, overview, obstacles, and opportunities
Barkham, M. (2014) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/14733145.2014.929414 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Williams, R. L. (2008) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.168.17.1919 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Articles that exist typically describe processes of a single study or type of network.(13) We report herein lessons learned from the Clinical Research Networks initiative with these 12 diverse networks reflecting their efforts with expansion and linkage, including both successes and barriers encountered.”
BackgroundEngaging Communities in Education and Research: PBRNs, AHEC, and CTSA
Westfall, J. M., Ingram, B., Navarro, D., Magee, D., Niebauer, L., ZITTLEMAN, L. K., Fernald, D. H., & Pace, W. D. (2012) · Clinical and Translational Science · doi:10.1111/j.1752-8062.2011.00389.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Community clinicians provide a significant amount of clinical education and training to health professional students in all disciplines, and are key participants in practice-based research [11–15].”
Egan, B. M., Laken, M. A., Wagner, C. S., Mack, S. S., Seymour‐Edwards, K., Dodson, J. A., Zhao, Y., & Lackland, D. T. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/j.1751-7176.2011.00491.x · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Practice networks were developed in the 1970s to improve health care through ongoing quality improvement and ⁄ or practice-based research.(2) Many practices successfully implemented new guidelines and tested new treatments in primary care settings where they are most often used.”
BackgroundOptions for Meaningful Engagement in Clinical Research for Busy Frontline Clinicians
Goldstein, K. M., Gierisch, J. M., Tucker, M., Williams, J. W., Dolor, R. J., & Henderson, W. (2021) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06587-3 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Yawn, B. P., Dietrich, A. J., Graham, D., Bertram, S. L., Kurland, M., Madison, S., Littlefield, D., Manning, B. K., Smail, C., & Pace, W. D. (2014) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2014.01.130026 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Sauers, E. L., McLeod, T. C. V., & Bay, R. C. (2012) · Journal of Athletic Training · doi:10.4085/1062-6050-47.5.11 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“The first US PBRNs were regional primary care networks that emerged in the 1970s.(36) Although most AHRQregistered PBRNs focus on primary care, a wide variety of PBRNs focus on areas including dentistry, pharmacy, and chiropractic.”
BackgroundRole of practice-based research networks in comparative effectiveness research
Hartung, D. M., Guise, J., Fagnan, L. J., Davis, M. M., & Stange, K. C. (2012) · Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research · doi:10.2217/cer.11.7 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“These seminal studies were critical in demonstrating that community-based physicians could generate important research findings within the context of their clinical practices [6].”
BackgroundThe PBRN Initiative: Transforming New Technologies to Improve Patient Care
Curro, F. A., Vena, D., Naftolin, F., Terracio, L., & Thompson, V. P. (2012) · Journal of Dental Research · doi:10.1177/0022034512447948 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“First conceived over 100 years ago in England, PBRNs took root in the United States in the 1970s (Lanier, 2005; Green and Hickner, 2006).”
BackgroundPractice-Based Research Networks and the Mandate for Real-World Evidence
Hall-Lipsy, E., Barraza, L., & Robertson, C. (2018) · American Journal of Law & Medicine · doi:10.1177/0098858818789428 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Institutional review board and regulatory solutions in The Dental PBRN
Gilbert, G. H., Qvist, V., Moore, S. D., Rindal, D. B., Fellows, J. L., Gordan, V. V., Williams, O. D., & for the DPBRN Collaborative Group (2009) · Journal of Public Health Dentistry · doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.2009.00139.x · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Evaluating Primary Care Research Networks: A Review of Currently Available Tools
van Os-Bleeker, J. M. C., Stalman, W. A. B., & van der Horst, H. E. (2010) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2010.04.090297 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“a decade earlier only 28 PCRNs could be identified.(6) PCRNs initially were developed to provide”
BackgroundCoordinating Centers and Multi-Practice-based Research Network (PBRN) Research
Mold, J. W., Lipman, P. D., & Durako, S. J. (2012) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2012.05.110302 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Kozak, M. A., Gernant, S. A., Hemmeger, H. M., & Snyder, M. E. (2015) · INNOVATIONS in pharmacy · doi:10.24926/iip.v6i2.385 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Vessey, J. A., & the Founding Oversight Board Members of MASNRN (2007) · The Journal of School Nursing · doi:10.1177/10598405070230020201 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“Since their inception in the United States in the late 1970s, numerous physician-centered PBRNs have emerged (Green & Hickner, 2006; Wasserman, Slora, & Bocian, 2003).”
BackgroundMagin, P. J., Marshall, M. J., Goode, S. M., Cotter, G. L., Pond, D. C., & Zwar, N. A. (2011) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2011.tb03283.x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Pomernacki, A., Carney, D. V., Kimerling, R. E., Nazarian, D., Blakeney, J., Martin, B. D., Strehlow, H., Yosef, J., Goldstein, K. M., Sadler, A. G., et al. (2015) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2015.05.150029 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Practice-based Research Networks at the Crossroads of Research Translation
Nagykaldi, Z. J. (2014) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2014.06.140263 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Corelli, R. L., Zillich, A. J., de Moor, C., Giuliano, M. R., Arnold, J., Fenlon, C. M., Douglas, C. L., Magnusson, B., Zbikowski, S. M., Prokhorov, A. V., et al. (2012) · Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.06.001 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Représentativité des médecins généralistes maîtres de stage universitaires
Leroy, O., Bouton, C., Huez, J.-F., Bellanger, W., & Ramond‐Roquin, A. (2015) · Santé Publique · doi:10.3917/spub.151.0059 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Dania, A., Nagykaldi, Z. J., Haaranen, A., Muris, J. W. M., Evans, P. H., Mäntyselkä, P. T., & van Weel, C. (2022) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2022.04.210411 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Future Directions for Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRNs): A CERA Survey
Binienda, J., Neale, A. V., & Wallace, L. (2018) · Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2018.06.180069 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“The earliest PBRNs were organized in the 1970s and provided important observations on the natural history of primary care health concerns.(2) The land-”
BackgroundDeveloping Primary Care: The Contribution of Primary Care Research Networks
Peckham, S., & Hutchison, B. G. (2012) · Healthcare policy · doi:10.12927/hcpol.2012.23132 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“In addition, primary care practice involves an interest in the appropriateness of care and low-technology interventions as well as new drugs (Carter et al. 2000; Green and Hickner 2006; Thomas et al. 2001).”
BackgroundPositioning Social Work Researchers for Engaged Scholarship to Promote Public Impact
Jensen, T. M., & Kainz, K. (2019) · Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research · doi:10.1086/706266 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Historically rooted in primary-care settings (Green & Hickner, 2006; Mold & Peterson, 2005), practice-based research networks (PBRN) are “ collaborations of practicing providers who commit to using their work settings as laboratories for practice-based knowledge generation ” (McMillen, Lenze,…”
BackgroundRiley, A. R., & Freeman, K. A. (2018) · Behavior Analysis Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/bar0000114 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Such research is often conducted in practice-based research networks (PBRNs), collectives of practitioners who collaborate with researchers to serve as “realworld” laboratories (Green & Hickner, 2006; Heintzman et al., 2014; Nutting, Beasley, & Werner, 1999).”
BackgroundMAPPING THE FUTURE OF PRIMARY HEALTHCARE RESEARCH IN CANADA
Glazier, R. (2008) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.810 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Leading Improvement through Inquiry: Practice-based Research Networks in Public Health
Mays, G. P. (2011) · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Is a practice-based rural research network feasible in Europe?
Klemenc–Ketiš, Z., Kurpas, D., Tsiligianni, I., Petrazzuoli, F., Jacquet, J.-P., Buono, N., Lopez-Abuin, J. M., & Lionis, C. D. (2015) · European Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3109/13814788.2015.1046376 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“As a place, they are laboratories for quality surveillance and research, by meeting the population health needs which assists the family physicians in their responsibility to improve frontline clinical care (19).”
BackgroundA Narrative Review of Natural History of Diseases and Continuity of Care in Family Medicine
Turabián, J. L. (2017) · Archives of Community Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.17352/2455-5479.000023 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Some of them have been recognized for their seminal work in the last 125 years [7-10,64-68].”
BackgroundWerner, J. J., & Stange, K. C. (2014) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2014.06.140034 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“vestigating questions to improve the quality of primary care.(1) This work initially involved developing”
BackgroundLivingood, W. C., Peden, A. H., Shah, G. H., Marshall, N. A., Gonzalez, K. M., Toal, R. B., Alexander, D. S., Wright, A., & Woodhouse, L. D. (2015) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-015-0956-3 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“PBRNs originated with clinical practices where they have demonstrated over decades that that they can make major and unique contributions in improving clinical practice [21–25].”
Establishing a Practice‐Based Research Network: Lessons From the Massachusetts Experience
Pulcini, J. A., Sheetz, A. H., & DeSisto, M. C. (2008) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2007.00280.x · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Project ECHO Integrated Within the Oregon Rural Practice-based Research Network (ORPRN)
McDonnell, M., Elder, N., Stock, R., Wolf, M., Steeves-Reece, A., & Graham, T. (2020) · Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2020.05.200051 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Tyler, C. V., & Werner, J. J. (2014) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2014.06.140022 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Developmental disabilities (DDs) are defined by federal law as severe chronic disabilities manifesting before age 22 due to a physical and/or mental impairment and resulting in “substantial functional limitations in 3 or more of the following areas of life activity: (1) self-care; (2) receptive and expressive language…”
BackgroundSkonnord, T., Steen, F., Skjeie, H., Fetveit, A., Brekke, M., & Klovning, A. (2016) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.6560 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Interventions usually take place in small and busy practices, and researchers often need to organize their study by themselves [1-3].”
BackgroundBrewer, S. E., Crump, N. M., & O’Leary, S. T. (2019) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2019.05.190028 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The Epistemology of Practice: An Argument for Practice-Based Research in HRD
Dirkx, J. M. (2008) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/1534484308320857 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“This movement is predicated on the assumption that “new knowledge can be discovered by practicing family physicians” (Green & Hickner, 2006, p. 1).”
Background
- Authors
- Green, L. A., & Hickner, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Health (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
- Published
- 2006-01-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-10
- ISSN
- 1557-2625 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-7118
- OpenAlex
- W2134927115
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 22.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health and Medical Research Impacts
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Sciences Research and Education
- Keywords
- practice-based research networks, primary care research, research infrastructure, family medicine research
- MeSH terms
- Family Practice, Humans, Laboratories, Primary Health Care, Research Support as Topic, United States, Biomedical Research, History, 20th Century
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