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Cited by 241Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatmentParasitic Infections and DiagnosticsPneumonia and Respiratory Infections

Genetic Variation in Pneumocystis carinii Isolates from Different Geographic Regions: Implications for Transmission

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Beard, Charles B., Carter, Jane L., Keely, Scott P., Huang, Laurence, Pieniazek, Norman J., Moura, Iaci N.S., Roberts, Jacquelin M., Hightower, Allen W. +12 more·2000·Emerging infectious diseases
DOI 10.3201/eid0603.000306PMC PMC2640877
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Abstract

To study transmission patterns of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in persons with AIDS, we evaluated P. carinii isolates from patients in five U.S. cities for variation at two independent genetic loci, the mitochondrial large subunit rRNA and dihydropteroate synthase. Fourteen unique multilocus genotypes were observed in 191 isolates that were examined at both loci. Mixed infections, accounting for 17.8% of cases, were associated with primary PCP. Genotype frequency distribution patterns varied by patients' place of diagnosis but not by place of birth. Genetic variation at the two loci suggests three probable characteristics of transmission: that most cases of PCP do not result from infections acquired early in life, that infections are actively acquired from a relatively common source (humans or the environment), and that humans, while not necessarily involved in direct infection of other humans, are nevertheless important in the transmission cycle of P. carinii f. sp. hominis.

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  • The presence of DHPS mutations in patients without prior TMP-SMX or dapsone use for PCP prophylaxis, the absence of similar mutations in Pneumocystis isolated from other mammalian species, and the impact of geography on DHPS genotype have substantial implications for disease transmission (i.e., person-to-person transmission).

    “The presence of DHPS mutations in patients without prior TMP-SMX or dapsone use for PCP prophylaxis, the absence of similar mutations in Pneumocystis isolated from other mammalian species, and the impact of geography on DHPS genotype have substantial implications for disease transmission (i.e., person-to-person transmission) that are beyond the scope of this review (32–35).”

    From Dihydropteroate Synthase Gene Mutations in<i>Pneumocystis</i>and Sulfa Resistance (2004) · cites this paper as [32]

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Authors
Beard, C. B., Carter, J. L., Keely, S. P., Huang, L., Pieniazek, N. J., Moura, I. N. S., Roberts, J. M., Hightower, A. W., Bens, M. S., Freeman, A. R., Lee, S., Stringer, J. R., Duchin, J. S., del Rio, C., Rimland, D., Baughman, R. P., Levy, D. A., Dietz, V. J., Simon, P., & Navin, T. R.
Affiliations
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
Corresponding author
Beard, Charles B.
ORCID
Venue
Emerging infectious diseases
Publisher
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Published
2000-06
Volume
6
Issue
3
Pages
265-272
ISSN
  • 1080-6040 (ISSN-L)
  • 1080-6059
DOI
10.3201/eid0603.000306
PMC
PMC2640877
OpenAlex
W2101933645
Cited by
241
References
52
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 18
FWCI
10.74
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Emerging infectious diseases (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DigitalCommons@UNMC (submittedVersion, public-domain)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
Keywords
Pneumocystis carinii, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, AIDS, genetic variation, multilocus genotypes, mitochondrial large subunit rRNA, dihydropteroate synthase, transmission, co-infection, primary infection, birthplace, human reservoir
MeSH terms
Dihydropteroate Synthase, Gene Frequency, Genotype, Humans, Mitochondria, Pneumocystis, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis, RNA, Ribosomal, United States, Genetic Variation, Logistic Models, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Sequence Analysis, DNA, DNA Primers, Genes, rRNA

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