Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in an oropharyngeal swab specimen, Milan, Italy, early December 2019
Open accessAbstract
We identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA in an oropharyngeal swab specimen collected from a child with suspected measles in early December 2019, ≈3 months before the first identified coronavirus disease case in Italy. This finding expands our knowledge on timing and mapping of novel coronavirus transmission pathways.
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Whether identifiable COVID-19 cases appeared earlier than December 2019 is unknown.
“Whether identifiable cases appeared earlier than December, 2019, is unknown.68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73”
From The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic (2022) · cites this paper as [68]
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Lobato, F. S., Libotte, G. B., Platt, G. M., Almeida, R. C. C., Silva, R. S., & Malta, S. M. C. (2021) · STEAM-H: Science, Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Mathematics & Health · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-84596-4_5
Narratív bűnbakképzés a pandémia alatt : Kit/mit és miért okolunk a koronavírusért?
Bobák, S. (2021) · Tabula · doi:10.54742/tabula.2021.2.02
Fitting Early Phases of the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Comparison of the Performances of Used Models
Sciannameo, V., Azzolina, D., Lanera, C., Acar, A. Ş., Corciulo, M. A., Comoretto, R. I., Berchialla, P., & Gregori, D. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11162363
“Over time, however, with increased testing capabilities and improved diagnostic methodologies, the accuracy of COVID-19 diagnosis likely improved [69].”
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Bayesian neural networks enable inference of complex phylodynamic processesPreprint
Marino, G., Stolz, U., Agüí, C. V., Stadler, T., & Silvestro, D. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.02.03.703458
“This timing aligns both with previous phylodynamic reconstructions [36] and with retrospective serological evidence suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 may have been circulating in parts of Europe as early as December 2019 [68, 69].”
Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on colon cancer presentations
Pietreanu, A. C., Vasile, A. I., Cheregi, C. D., Trifu, S., Cristea, B. M., & Socea, B. (2026) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.1667288
- Authors
- Amendola, A., Bianchi, S., Gori, M., Colzani, D., Canuti, M., Borghi, E., Raviglione, M. C., Zuccotti, G. V., & Tanzi, E.
- Affiliations
- Memorial University of Newfoundland (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Tanzi, Elisabetta
- ORCID
- Venue
- Emerging Infectious Diseases
- Published
- 2021-02
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 648-650
- ISSN
- 1080-6040 (ISSN-L)
- 1080-6059
- PMC
- PMC7853584
- OpenAlex
- W3110668232
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 2.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Emerging infectious diseases (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, measles, throat swabs, viral RNA detection, children, transmission routes, Milan
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing, Child, Preschool, Humans, Italy, Male, Oropharynx, RNA, Viral, Skin Diseases, Infectious
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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