Novel Blood Biomarkers that Correlate with Cognitive Performance and Hippocampal Volumetry: Potential for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Differential diagnosis of people presenting with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) that will progress to Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains clinically challenging. Current criteria used to define AD include a series of neuropsychological assessments together with relevant imaging analysis such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The clinical sensitivity and specificity of these assessments would be improved by the concomitant use of novel serum biomarkers. The branched chain aminotransferase proteins (BCAT) are potential candidates as they are significantly elevated in AD brain, correlate with Braak Stage, and may have a role in AD pathology. OBJECTIVE: In this hypothesis-driven project, we aimed to establish if serum BCAT and its metabolites are significantly altered in AD participants and assess their role as markers of disease pathology. METHODS: Serum amino acids were measured using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer for tandem mass spectroscopy together with BCAT levels using western blot analysis, coupled with neuropsychological assessments and MRI. RESULTS: We present data supporting a substantive mutually correlated system between BCAT and glutamate, neuropsychological tests, and MRI for the diagnosis of AD. These three domains, individually, and in combination, show good utility in discriminating between groups. Our model indicates that BCAT and glutamate accurately distinguish between control and AD participants and in combination with the neuropsychological assessment, MoCA, improved the overall sensitivity to 1.00 and specificity to 0.978. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that BCAT and glutamate have potential to improve the clinical utility and predictive power of existing methods of AD assessment and hold promise as early indicators of disease pathology.
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Blood biomarkers are more accessible than MEG.
“Blood biomarkers are more accessible than MEG 57”
From Alzheimer's disease and its progression reduce pyramidal cell gain and connectivity (2025) · cites this paper as [57]
Serum BCAT was higher in AD individuals relative to healthy age-matched controls.
“More recently, we reported that serum BCAT was also higher in AD individuals relative to healthy age-matched controls (Hudd et al. 2019).”
From Alzheimer’s disease: Targeting the glutamatergic system (2020) · cites this paper as Hudd et al. 2019
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Alzheimer’s disease: Targeting the glutamatergic system
Conway, M. E. (2020) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1007/s10522-020-09860-4 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Self-citationAlzheimer's disease and its progression reduce pyramidal cell gain and connectivity
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- Authors
- Hudd, F., Shiel, A., Harris, M., Bowdler, P., McCann, B., Tsivos, D., Wearn, A., Knight, M., Kauppinen, R., Coulthard, E., White, P., & Conway, M. E.
- Affiliations
- University of the West of England (GB)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Conway, Myra Elizabeth
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2019-02-12
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 931-947
- ISSN
- 1387-2877 (ISSN-L)
- 1875-8908
- OpenAlex
- W2910717753
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 2.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Journal of Alzheimer s Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- University of the West of England
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, blood biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Mental Status and Dementia Tests, Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Amino Acids, Transaminases, Apolipoproteins E, Cognition, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Organ Size, Blotting, Western, Biomarkers, Case-Control Studies, Glutamic Acid, Early Diagnosis, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Neuroimaging, Cognitive Dysfunction
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