Cited by 226Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsCholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in Alzheimer's disease: old and new mechanisms of action

Gasparini, Laura, Ongini, Ennio, Wenk, Gary·2004·Journal of Neurochemistry

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cerebral deposits of β‐amyloid (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) which are surrounded by inflammatory cells. Epidemiological studies have shown that prolonged use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduces the risk of developing AD and delays the onset of the disease. It has been postulated that some NSAIDs target pathological hallmarks of AD by interacting with several pathways, including the inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX) and activation of the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ. A variety of experimental studies indicate that a subset of NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, indomethacin and sulindac also possess Aβ‐lowering properties in both AD transgenic mice and cell cultures of peripheral, glial and neuronal origin. While COX inhibition occurs at low concentrations in vitro (n M‐low μ m range), the Aβ‐lowering activity is observed at high concentrations (≤ 50 μ m). Nonetheless, studies with flurbiprofen or ibuprofen in AD transgenic mice show that the effects on Aβ levels or deposition are attained at plasma levels similar to those achieved in humans at therapeutic dosage. Still, it remains to be assessed whether adequate concentrations are reached in the brain. This is a crucial aspect that will allow defining the dose‐window and the length of treatment in future clinical trials. Here, we will discuss how the combination of anti‐amyloidogenic and anti‐inflammatory activities of certain NSAIDs may produce a profile potentially relevant to their clinical use as disease‐modifying agents for the treatment of AD.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02743.x

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Authors
Gasparini, L., Ongini, E., & Wenk, G.
Affiliations
  • University of Cambridge (GB)
  • University of Arizona (US)
Venue
Journal of Neurochemistry
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2004-09-17
Volume
91
Issue
3
Pages
521-536
ISSN
  • 0022-3042 (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-4159
OpenAlex
W2082276462
Cited by
226
References
139
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
FWCI
2.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Neurochemistry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, amyloid-beta, neurofibrillary tangles, cyclooxygenase inhibition, PPARγ, ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, indomethacin, sulindac, anti-amyloidogenic activity, neuroinflammation, disease-modifying therapy, transgenic mouse model
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Amyloid, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Neurons, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, Neuroprotective Agents, PPAR gamma, Mice

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