Neonatal Morbidities of Fetal Growth Restriction: Pathophysiology and Impact

Fetal and placental size and risk of hypertension in adult life.

Barker, D. J., Bull, A. R., Osmond, C., & Simmonds, S. J. (1990) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.301.6746.259 · Cited by 1,728

Consensus definition of fetal growth restriction: a Delphi procedure: Consensus definition of FGR

Gordijn, S. J., Beune, I. M., Thilaganathan, B., Papageorghiou, A., Baschat, A. A., Baker, P. N., Silver, R. M., Wynia, K., & Ganzevoort, W. (2016) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.15884 · Cited by 1,638

The Dutch Famine and Its Long-Term Consequences for Adult Health

Roseboom, T., de Rooij, S., & Painter, R. (2006) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.07.001 · Cited by 1,137

Pathophysiology of placental-derived fetal growth restriction

Burton, G. J., & Jauniaux, E. (2018) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2017.11.577 · Cited by 1,070

Relation of birth weight and childhood respiratory infection to adult lung function and death from chronic obstructive airways disease

Barker, D. J., Godfrey, K. M., Fall, C., Osmond, C., Winter, P. D., & Shaheen, S. O. (1991) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.303.6804.671 · Cited by 889

Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Antenatal and Postnatal Aspects

Sharma, D. K., Shastri, S., & Sharma, P. K. (2016) · Clinical Medicine Insights Pediatrics · doi:10.4137/cmped.s40070 · Cited by 887

Reduced fetal growth rate and increased risk of death from ischaemic heart disease: cohort study of 15 000 Swedish men and women born 1915-29

Leon, D. A., Lithell, H. O., Vågerö, D., Koupilová, I., Mohsen, R., Berglund, L., Lithell, U.-B., & McKeigue, P. M. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7153.241 · Cited by 807

Endocrine Regulation of Human Fetal Growth: The Role of the Mother, Placenta, and Fetus

Murphy, V. E., Smith, R., Giles, W. B., & Clifton, V. L. (2006) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2005-0011 · Cited by 673

The consequences of fetal growth restriction on brain structure and neurodevelopmental outcome

Miller, S. L., Huppi, P. S., & Mallard, C. (2016) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp271402 · Cited by 620

Classification of stillbirth by relevant condition at death (ReCoDe): population based cohort study

Gardosi, J. O., Kady, S. M., McGeown, P., Francis, A. I., & Tonks, A. M. (2005) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.38629.587639.7c · Cited by 551

The search for blood biomarkers that indicate risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in fetal growth restriction

Musco, H., Beecher, K., Chand, K. K., Boyd, R. N., Colditz, P. B., & Wixey, J. A. (2024) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2024.1396102 · Cited by 5

The Impact of Fetal Growth Restriction on Prenatal 2D Ultrasound and Doppler Study of the Fetal Adrenal Gland

Pattamathamakul, S., Duangkum, C., Chaiyarach, S., Kongwattanakul, K., Saksiriwuttho, P., Komwilaisak, R., Chantanavilai, S., Pongsamakthai, M., & Sirikarn, P. (2024) · Journal of Pregnancy · doi:10.1155/2024/9968509 · Cited by 5

Brain morphometric changes in children born as small for gestational age without catch up growth

Takatani, T., Shiohama, T., Takatani, R., Hattori, S., Yokota, H., & Hamada, H. (2024) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2024.1441563 · Cited by 5

Calorie restriction during gestation impacts maternal and offspring fecal microbiome in mice

Gilley, S. P., Ruebel, M. L., Chintapalli, S. V., Wright, C. J., Rozance, P. J., & Shankar, K. (2024) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1423464 · Cited by 6

Perinatal glucocorticoid sensitivity in the preterm newborn: molecular mechanisms, endogenous determinants, and clinical implications

Anti, N. A. O., Gheorghe, C. P., Deming, D. D., Adeoye, O. O., Zhang, L., & Mata‐Greenwood, E. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1587891 · Cited by 6

Malnutrition

Campisi, S. C., Khan, A. M., Zasowski, C., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80068-0_44 · Cited by 5

Treatment of high fat diet‐induced obese pregnant mice with IL‐6 receptor antibody does not ameliorate placental function and fetal growth restriction

Kretschmer, T., Turnwald, E., Janoschek, R., Wohlfarth, M., Handwerk, M., Dötsch, J., Hucklenbruch‐Rother, E., & Appel, S. (2022) · American Journal of Reproductive Immunology · doi:10.1111/aji.13564 · Cited by 5

Added value of the pulmonary vein pulsatility index and its correlation to neonatal umbilical artery pH in fetal growth restrictions: a Vietnamese matched cohort study

Pham, M. S., Tran, D. V., Pham, C. K., Truong, T. L. G., & Nguyễn, V. Q. H. (2023) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-023-05910-0 · Cited by 5

Valproic acid elevates HIF-1α-mediated CGB expression and suppresses glucose uptake in BeWo cells

Kitahara, G., Higashisaka, K., Nakamoto, Y., Yamamoto, R., Okuno, W., Serizawa, M., Sakahashi, Y., Tsujino, H., Haga, Y., & Tsutsumi, Y. M. (2024) · The Journal of Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.2131/jts.49.69 · Cited by 5

IMPACT OF REAL-LIFE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES ON REPRODUCTION: Evidence for reproductive health effects following exposure to hydraulic fracturing chemical mixtures

Siegel, K. R., Bérubé, R., Day, M., Heldman, S., Daley, C., Murray, B. R., Hecht, R., Caron-Beaudoin, É., & Kassotis, C. D. (2024) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-24-0134 · Cited by 6

Birth weight and head circumference for 22–29 weeks gestation neonates from an international cohort

Fenton, T. R., Alshaikh, B. N., Kusuda, S., Helenius, K. K., Modi, N., Norman, M., Lui, K., Lehtonen, L., BATTIN, M. R., Klinger, G., et al. (2025) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/archdischild-2024-327845 · Cited by 5

Polymorphic loci of the ESR1 gene are associated with the risk of developing preeclampsia with fetal growth retardation

Golovchenko, O., Abramova, M. Y., Ponomarenko, I., & Churnosov, M. I. (2020) · Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproduction · doi:10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2020.187 · Cited by 5

Maternal energy metabolism and angiogenesis genes polymorphisms in fetal growth restriction

Novikova, I. A., Alset, D., Shkurat, T. P., Pokudina, I. O., Butenko, E. V., Kuznetsova, N. B., & Zabanova, Z. Е. А. (2021) · Gene Reports · doi:10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101170 · Cited by 5

Machine learning classification models for fetal skeletal development performance prediction using maternal bone metabolic proteins in goats

Liu, Y., Munteanu, C. R., Yan, Q., Pedreira, N., Kang, J., Tang, S., Zhou, C., He, Z., & Tan, Z. (2019) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.7840 · Cited by 5

Stem Cell Therapy for Neuroprotection in the Growth-Restricted Newborn

Chand, K. K., Nano, R., Wixey, J. A., & Patel, J. (2022) · Stem Cells Translational Medicine · doi:10.1093/stcltm/szac005 · Cited by 5

Fetal growth restriction

Hendrix, M. (2021) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20210924mh · Cited by 5

SPAG7 deletion causes intrauterine growth restriction, resulting in adulthood obesity and metabolic dysfunction

Flaherty, S. E., Bezy, O., Paulhus, B. L., Song, L., Piper, M., Pang, J., Park, Y., Asano, S., Lien, Y.-C., Griffin, J. D., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv · doi:10.7554/elife.91114 · Cited by 5

Intended delivery mode and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies with fetal growth restriction

Rodriguez-Sibaja, M. J., Mendez-Piña, M. A., Lumbreras-Marquez, M. I., Acevedo‐Gallegos, S., Velazquez‐Torres, B., & Ramirez‐Calvo, J. (2023) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2023.2286433 · Cited by 4

Comprehensive evaluation of fetal renal ultrasound parameters for fetal growth restriction

Wang, Q., Wang, L., Hu, M., Yang, S., Zhang, W., Chen, H., & Jiao, Y. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36687 · Cited by 4

Slowing fetal growth velocity from the mid-trimester may signal increased risks of perinatal morbidity and mortality: a retrospective cohort study

Jamieson-Grigg, C., Kalinowski, P., Tong, S. Y. C., Turner, E., Banting, S. A., Walker, S. P., & MacDonald, T. M. (2025) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-025-04117-8 · Cited by 4

Sequelae of preterm birth over the lifespan: an exploratory analysis of behavioral problems in childhood and increased risk of major depression and anxiety in adulthood from a cohort study

Fieß, A., Hartmann, A., Ernst, M., Schuster, A. K.-G., Mildenberger, E., Brähler, E., Urschitz, M. S., Pfeiffer, N., Beutel, M. E., Gißler, S., et al. (2025) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103316 · Cited by 4

Monocyte chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) decreases mineralization of the villous stroma in the macaque placenta

Keding, L. T., Vázquez, J., Liu, R.-Y., Bove, E. M., Dorobek, J., Simmons, H. A., Antony, K. M., Racine, J. L., Shah, D. M., Wieben, O. E., et al. (2025) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2025.07.083 · Cited by 4

Effect of the COVID-19 lockdown in Shanghai on maternal and neonatal outcomes

Chen, X., Jin, C., Xue, Y., Zhang, T., Li, J., & Jin, C. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-025-08171-1 · Cited by 4

Fetal growth restriction, neonatal morbidity and placental pathology in dichorionic twins-a comparison of twin-specific versus singleton growth charts

Dekalo, A., Kogan, Z., Herman, H. G., Marelly, C., Yaka, C., Schreiber, L., Weiner, E., & Miremberg, H. (2023) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2023.07.008 · Cited by 4

Biomarker screening in fetal growth restriction based on multiple RNA-seq studies

Li, X., He, X., Li, Z., & Chen, Y. C. (2023) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology X · doi:10.1016/j.eurox.2023.100259 · Cited by 4

Etiology, Diagnosis and Management of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn in Resource-limited Settings

Bandiya, P., Madappa, R., & Joshi, A. R. (2023) · Clinics in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.clp.2023.11.002 · Cited by 4

Nutrition and Epigenetic Modifications During Pregnancy

Maugeri, A., Barchitta, M., Lio, R. M. S., Favara, G., & Agodi, A. (2024) · Epigenetics and human health · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-54215-2_5 · Cited by 4

Altered purine and pentose phosphate pathway metabolism in uteroplacental insufficiency-induced intrauterine growth restriction offspring rats impair intestinal function

Ho, S., Yuliana, M. E., Chou, H., Huang, L., & Chen, C. (2024) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109737 · Cited by 4

Mid-Pregnancy Placental Transcriptome in a Model of Placental Insufficiency with and without Novel Intervention

Wilson, R. L., Davenport, B. N., & Jones, H. N. (2024) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43032-024-01769-4 · Cited by 4

The effect of air pollution exposure on foetal growth restriction in pregnant women who conceived by in vitro fertilisation a cross-sectional study

Jiang, Y., Liu, P., Zeng, M., Zhuang, G., Qiu, C., Wang, L., Liu, W., & Liu, W. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-87955-z · Cited by 4

Relationship of Anemia in Pregnancy and Low Birth Weight Infants

Ghrahani, R., Syafiqoh, G., & Yuniati, T. (2021) · Pediatric Oncall · doi:10.7199/ped.oncall.2021.38 · Cited by 4

Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance in a Novel Fetal Growth Restriction Model

Tokita, K., Shoji, H., Arai, Y., Awata, K., Santosa, I., Murano, Y., & Shimizu, T. (2023) · Pediatric Reports · doi:10.3390/pediatric15010006 · Cited by 4

Fetal brain development in small-for-gestational age (SGA) fetuses and normal controls

Jacob, E., Braun, J., Oelmeier, K., Köster, H. A., Möllers, M., Falkenberg, M. K., Klockenbusch, W., Schmitz, R., & Hammer, K. (2020) · Journal of Perinatal Medicine · doi:10.1515/jpm-2019-0401 · Cited by 4

Analyzing the Effects of Intrauterine Hypoxia on Gene Expression in Oocytes of Rat Offspring by Single Cell Transcriptome Sequencing

Li, T., Liu, Y., Yue, S., Liao, Z., Luo, Z., Wang, M., Cao, C., Ding, Y., & Lin, Z. (2019) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.01102 · Cited by 4

Low lung function in the developing world is analogous to stunting: a review of the evidence

Mishra, N., Salvi, S., Lyngdoh, T., & Agrawal, A. (2020) · Wellcome Open Research · doi:10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15929.1 · Cited by 5

Short-term outcomes of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for fetal growth restriction: a study protocol for a systematic review with individual participant data meta-analysis, aggregate meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis

Liauw, J., Groom, K. M., Ganzevoort, W., Gluud, C. N., McKinlay, C. J. D., Sharp, A., Mackay, L., Kariya, C. T., Lim, K. I., von Dadelszen, P., et al. (2021) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-021-01849-5 · Cited by 4

Early cognitive assessment in premature infants: the discriminatory value of eye-tracking vs. Bayley Scales

Καλτσά, Μ., Babacheva, E., Fotiadou, G., Goutsiou, E., Kantziou, K., Nicolaidis, K., & Soubasi, V. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1384486 · Cited by 3

Left ventricle longitudinal strain of the endocardial and epicardial layers and left ventricle remodelling in children born with low and extremely low body weight aged from one to five years old

Pavlyukova, E. N., Kolosova, M. V., Neklyudova, G. V., & Karpov, R. S. (2021) · Translational Medicine · doi:10.18705/2311-4495-2021-8-2-23-36 · Cited by 3

Influence of chest/head circumference ratio at birth on obstetric and neonatal outcomes: The Japan environment and children's study

J-P, N. A., Mitsuda, N., Eitoku, M., Yamasaki, K., Maeda, N., Fujieda, M., Suganuma, N., & The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) Group (2023) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.23875 · Cited by 3

Anti-Phospholipid Antibodies in Women with Placenta-Mediated Complications Delivered at >34 Weeks of Gestation

Amikam, U., Hochberg, A., Shenhav, M., Haj, L., Hochberg-Klein, S., Hiersch, L., & Yogev, Y. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12134516 · Cited by 3

Factors that enhance midwifery students’ learning and development of self-efficacy in clinical placement: A systematic qualitative review

Folkvord, S. E., & Risa, C. F. (2023) · European Journal of Midwifery · doi:10.18332/ejm/172128 · Cited by 3

Nano-formulated curcumin uptake and biodistribution in the fetal growth restricted newborn piglet brain

Xu, N., Wixey, J. A., Chand, K. K., Wong, M., & Nance, E. A. (2025) · Drug Delivery and Translational Research · doi:10.1007/s13346-025-01830-y · Cited by 4

Maternal oxygen inhalation affects the fetal hemodynamic in low-risk with uncomplicated late pregnancy

Wu, X.-Q., Yang, X.-F., Ye, L., Zhang, X., Hong, Y.-Q., & Chiu, W. (2025) · European journal of medical research · doi:10.1186/s40001-025-02456-z · Cited by 3

Evaluation of cerebral oxygenation and perfusion in small for gestational age neonates and neurodevelopmental outcome at 24–36 months of age

Milona, E., Rallis, D., Mitsiakos, G., Goutsiou, E., Hatziioannidis, E., Tsakalidis, C., Lithoxopoulou, M., Nikolaidis, N. L., & Karagianni, P. (2020) · Journal of Perinatal Medicine · doi:10.1515/jpm-2019-0274 · Cited by 3

Serial measurement of soluble endoglin for risk assessment at the diagnosis of fetal growth restriction

Deniz, M. E., Deniz, A., Mendilcioğlu, İ., Sanhal, C. Y., Özdem, S., Küçükçetin, İ. Ö., & Kandemir, H. (2021) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/ijcp.14840 · Cited by 3

Locus rs833061 of the VEGF Gene in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia Is Associated with Newborn Weight

Golovchenko, O., Abramova, M. Y., Ponomarenko, I., & Churnosov, M. I. (2021) · Russian Journal of Genetics · doi:10.1134/s1022795421090039 · Cited by 3

Could serotonin play a role in abnormal brain outcomes in fetal growth restriction?

Beecher, K., & Wixey, J. A. (2022) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.346481 · Cited by 3

Liposome-Encapsulated Anti-inflammatory Proteins for Targeted Delivery to the Placenta to Treat Fetal Growth Restriction

Murthi, P., & Harris, L. K. (2023) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-3495-0_14 · Cited by 3

Changes in fetal cerebral hemodynamics in fetal growth retardation

Yusenko, S. R., Nagorneva, S. V., & Kogan, I. Y. (2024) · Russian Bulletin of Obstetrician-Gynecologist · doi:10.17116/rosakush20242403136 · Cited by 3

How effective digital technologies in midwifery education

Tekeş, H., & Uluşen, M. (2023) · European Journal of Midwifery · doi:10.18332/ejm/172484 · Cited by 3

Differences in the Brain Cortical Thickness and Area of Different Lobes Between Fetuses with Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Controls Based on 3-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Moradi, B., Shirazi, M., Nezhad, Z. A., Saadat, N. S., Hashemi, H., Kazemi, M. A., Gity, M., Rahmani, M., & Ghanaati, H. (2021) · Iranian Journal of Radiology · doi:10.5812/iranjradiol.106888 · Cited by 3

Anisotropy in the Human Placenta in Pregnancies Complicated by Fetal Growth Restriction

Slator, P. J., Ho, A., Bakalis, S., Jackson, L. H., Chappell, L. C., Alexander, D. C., Hajnal, J. V., Rutherford, M., & Hutter, J. M. (2021) · Mathematics and visualization · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56215-1_13 · Cited by 3

Neonatal Mortality in Jordan: Rate, Determinants, and Causes Using Jordan Stillbirth and Neonatal Surveillance SystemPreprint

Al‐Sheyab, N., Khader, Y. S., Shattnawi, K. K., Alyahya, M. S. I., & Batieha, A. M. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-24128/v1 · Cited by 3

Simulation-based education advocacy for patient safety in a limited resource country, experiences from Tanzania

Rogathi, J. J., & Kidayi, P. (2023) · European Journal of Midwifery · doi:10.18332/ejm/172341 · Cited by 2

Fetal growth restriction: How reliable is information available to patients on Google? A systematic review

Hall, M., Wu, L. E., Nanda, S., Bakalis, S., Shennan, A. H., & Story, L. (2023) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.11.022 · Cited by 2

Vitamin D and intrauterine growth restriction: a cross-sectional study

Arnan, F., Chalid, M. T., Farid, M. F., Lukas, E., & Wewengkang, E. (2024) · Italian Journal of Medicine · doi:10.4081/itjm.2024.1833 · Cited by 2

Organ development in growth‐restricted fetuses in the reduced uterine perfusion pressure rat model: A vascular approach of brain, heart, and kidney

Alhama-Riba, J., van Kammen, C. M., Nijholt, K. T., Viveen, D., Amarouchi, K., Shasha, D., Krebber, M. M., Hoebeek, F. E., Lely, A. T., Nijboer, C. H. A., et al. (2025) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.70244 · Cited by 2

Differential linear brain growth patterns in preterm neonates based on birth gestational age and steroid exposure: A retrospective chart review

Goyal, M., Quigley, M., Dutta, S., Stein, N., & Goswami, I. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0323454 · Cited by 2

Care of neonates following in-utero growth restriction: A prospective cohort study exploring neonatal morbidity

Alda, M. G., WOOD, A. G., MacDonald, T. M., & Charlton, J. K. (2025) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/s41372-025-02397-9 · Cited by 2

Maternal Exposure to Carbamazepine at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations Causes Growth Delay in Mouse Embryos

Veretnik, E., Orit, D.-M., Kalev‐Altman, R., Haiman, A., Quint, M., Mordehay, V., Shlezinger, N., Cinnamon, Y., Chefetz, B., & Sela‐Donenfeld, D. (2025) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.5c04235 · Cited by 2

Small-for-Gestational-Age Birth Weight Risk Stratification Using First-Trimester Fetal Cardiac Parameters

Horgan, R., Sinkovskaya, E. S., Kalafat, E., Saade, G. R., & Abuhamad, A. (2025) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000006040 · Cited by 2

Flavored e-cigarettes modulate embryo development, fetal growth, and potentiate early fetal demise without nicotine

Wetendorf, M., Cripps, S. M., Huang, R., Kistner, B. M., Somany, A., Douglas, E. S., & Caron, K. M. (2025) · Communications Medicine · doi:10.1038/s43856-025-01094-0 · Cited by 2

Assessing the impact of fetal growth restriction using high-resolution MRI: a comprehensive cortical analysis

Huang, S., Kong, L., Bai, S., Xu, Q., Zhang, K., Zhang, X., Chen, G., & Zhao, M. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-025-07746-2 · Cited by 2

Changes in Fetal Hemoglobin in Very Preterm Infants Born Small for Gestational Age: A Retrospective Observational Study

Dani, C., Cipriani, F., Ciavotta, M., & Remaschi, G. (2026) · Children · doi:10.3390/children13010117 · Cited by 2

Foramen Ovale Measurements and Venous Hemodynamic Changes Assessed by Inferior Vena Cava Doppler Parameters in Early- and Late-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction

Özkan, M. A., Özkan, H. D., Dayanan, R., Sarı, H., Akın, F., Dağdeviren, G., & Çağlar, A. T. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm15030980 · Cited by 2

Placenta‐derived extracellular vesicles: Signal messengers shuttling across the maternal‐fetal barrier

Du, J., Tao, M., Xiao, Y., Wang, Z., Situ, B., & Zheng, L. (2026) · Interdisciplinary medicine · doi:10.1002/inmd.70111 · Cited by 2

Family single-cell atlases reveal pig pregnancy and fetal growth restriction critical cell types

Cai, L., Zhang, Q., Yao, T., Zou, X., Xie, L., Yang, S., Xiao, Y., Huang, F., Peng, Z., Yang, J., et al. (2026) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adu7265 · Cited by 2

Brain sparing in fetal growth restriction: The double‐edged sword of fetal hypoxaemia

Allison, B. J., White, T. A., Camm, E. J., & Miller, S. (2026) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp291253 · Cited by 2

Non‐reassuring fetal status and anesthetic impact on cesarean section‐delivered very‐low‐birthweight infants

Kim, M. S., Kim, H., Seo, Y., & Yum, S. K. (2022) · Pediatrics International · doi:10.1111/ped.15308 · Cited by 2

Dosis prenatal de rescate de betametasona en el prematuro con restricción del crecimiento intrauterino

García, N. S., Martínez-Pajares, J. D., Chaffanel, M., Serrano-Martín, M. D. M., Espinosa-Fernández, M. G., Moreno, E. T., & Sánchez‐Tamayo, T. (2023) · Andes pediatrica · doi:10.32641/andespediatr.v94i2.4378 · Cited by 2

Artificial intelligence and digital twins in simulating pregnancy

Barbounaki, S. G., Nanou, C., Lykeridou, A., & Vivilaki, V. G. (2023) · European Journal of Midwifery · doi:10.18332/ejm/172490 · Cited by 2

Hemostatic Status of Neonates with Perinatal Hypoxia, Studied via NATEM in Cord Blood Samples

Tsaousi, M., Sokou, R., Pouliakis, A., Politou, M., Iacovidou, N. M., Boutsikou, Τ., Sulaj, A., Karapati, E., Tsantes, A. G., Tsantes, A. Ε., et al. (2024) · Children · doi:10.3390/children11070799 · Cited by 2

Unisex and Sex-Specific Prescriptive Fetal Growth Charts for Improved Detection of Small-for-Gestational-Age Babies in a Low-Risk Population: A post hoc Analysis of a Cluster-Randomized Study

van Roekel, M., Verhoeven, C. J. M., Kamphof, H. D., Gordijn, S. J., Ganzevoort, W., Franx, A., van Wieringen, W. N., de Jonge, A., & Henrichs, J. (2024) · Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy · doi:10.1159/000540554 · Cited by 2

Placental apelin expression is low in early-onset fetal growth restriction but there is no association between maternal circulating apelin and pregnancy outcome

Braun, N., Bethell, K., Chaloner, L., Maksym, K., Spencer, R. N., Maguire, J. J., Davenport, A. P., David, A. L., & Vaughan, O. R. (2026) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2026.04.023 · Cited by 2

Understanding the Impact of Maternal Health on Neonatal Disease: A New Horizon

Maheshwari, A., Motta, M., & Lui, K. (2022) · Newborn · doi:10.5005/newborn-1-4-iv · Cited by 2

The effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program on stress, anxiety, and prenatal attachment of the high-risk pregnant women

Akça, E. İ., Cengizhan, S. Ö., & Gökbulut, N. (2023) · European Journal of Midwifery · doi:10.18332/ejm/172466 · Cited by 2

Education for leadership in midwifery; The start of the Dutch National Master of Science Midwifery

Groenen, C. J. M., Nieuwenhuijze, M. J., Kors, J., & Welling, L. D. (2023) · European Journal of Midwifery · doi:10.18332/ejm/171969 · Cited by 2

Vaginal miR-210-3p as a potential biomarker for pregnancies complicated by early fetal growth restriction: A proof-of-concept case-control study

Bigagli, E., Spataro, E., Pasquini, L., Cinci, L., D’Ambrosio, M., Blasi, C. D., Bartolini, C., Petraglia, F., & Luceri, C. (2025) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2025.02.015 · Cited by 2

Characterising the role of placental angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) during the onset of oxidative insult by hypoxia/reoxygenation: Implications for fetal growth restriction

Brooker, I. A., Fisher, J. J., Delforce, S. J., Morosin, S. K., Lumbers, E. R., Sutherland, J. M., & Pringle, K. G. (2025) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2025.04.008 · Cited by 2

Gestational hypoxia increases brain-blood barrier permeability in the neonatal cerebral cortex of Guinea pigs

Figueroa, E. G., Paz, A. A., Jiménez, T. A., Meza-Vilches, O., Daniel Palma, C., Muños-Guzman, F., Beñaldo, F., Herrera, E. A., & González‐Candia, A. (2025) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-025-04345-x · Cited by 2

Placenta and Cord Blood as Source of Immune Markers of Offspring Neurodevelopment and Psychopathology

Silva, A. C. S. E., Moreira, J. M., & Magalhães, R. C. (2020) · Progress in inflammation research · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39335-9_14 · Cited by 2

Customized birthweight standard for a Polish population

Kajdy, A., Hugh, O., Modzelewski, J., Rabijewski, M., Francis, A. I., & Gardosi, J. O. (2020) · Archives of Medical Science · doi:10.5114/aoms.2020.98351 · Cited by 2

Neurodevelopment of infant with late fetal growth restriction

Stampalija, T., Ciardo, C., Barbieri, M., Risso, F. M., & Travan, L. (2021) · Minerva Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.23736/s2724-606x.21.04807-3 · Cited by 2

NR4A2 expression is not altered in placentas from cases of growth restriction or preeclampsia, but is reduced in hypoxic cytotrophoblast

de Alwis, N., Beard, S., Binder, N. K., Pritchard, N., Kaitu’u‐Lino, T. J., Walker, S. P., Stock, O., Groom, K. M., Petersen, S., Henry, A., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-00192-y · Cited by 2

Differential fetal growth rates mediated by sociodemographic factors in Yucatan, Mexico: an epidemiological study

Aldrete–Cortez, V., Rendón-Macı́as, M. E., Azcorra, H., & Salvador-Ginez, O. (2022) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2022.2066992 · Cited by 2

Investigation of Cardiac Remodeling and Cardiac Function on Fetuses with Growth Restriction: A Review

Kurjak, A., Antsaklis, P. J., Barišić, L. S., Medjedović, E., Papamichail, M., & Malojčić, S. M. (2022) · Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1928 · Cited by 2

Incidence of post-partum complications and referrals of mothers and neonates to hospitals from a Midwife Obstetric Unit

Hoque, A. M., Buckus, S., & Hoque, M. (2024) · African Health Sciences · doi:10.4314/ahs.v24i2.27 · Cited by 2

Placental abnormalities differ in small for gestational age neonates in relation to their prenatal sonographic abdominal circumference measurements

Grinstein, E., Schreiber, L., Gluck, O., Torem, M., Izaik, Y., Bar, J., & Kovo, M. (2020) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2020.1731463 · Cited by 2

Leptin deficiency, a potential mechanism for impaired fetal lung development in uteroplacental insufficiency?

Gopal, S. H., Donepudi, R., & Pammi, M. (2024) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-024-03038-1 · Cited by 1

Effect of fetal growth restriction on the development of regional brain volume and neurodevelopmental outcomes: Evidence from magnetic resonance imaging based on a fully automated segmentation method

Kong, L., Huang, S., Zhang, J., Ji, L., Duan, S., Xu, X., Tian, S., Shi, F., Wu, F., Shen, D. G., et al. (2025) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/j.mri.2025.110407 · Cited by 1

External validation of a risk‐scoring model for predicting adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with fetal growth restriction

Lekhalawan, J., Suwanrath, C., Khwankaew, N., & Vichitkunakorn, P. (2025) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.16319 · Cited by 1

Cerebral-Placental-Uterine Ratio in the Early Third Trimester as a Predictor of Small-for-Gestational-Age Birthweight: A Prospective Cohort Study

Leelarujijaroen, C., Petpichetchian, C., Suntharasaj, T., Chainarong, N., & Watthanasathitnukun, W. (2025) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2025.102952 · Cited by 1

A human cytotrophoblast-villous endothelium-fetal organ multi-cell model and the impact on gene and protein expression in placenta cytotrophoblast, fetal hepatocytes and fetal kidney epithelial cells

Jones, H. N., Williams, A., & Wilson, R. L. (2025) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2025.05.029 · Cited by 1

Effect of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) intake during pregnancy on fetal and placental growth in obese albino rats

Greash, Z. A., Fayad, E., Binjawhar, D. N., Alahmari, L. A., Katouah, H. A., Elsaid, F. G., & Almaaty, A. H. A. (2025) · Tissue and Cell · doi:10.1016/j.tice.2025.103045 · Cited by 1

Risk Factors for Early Neonatal Hypocalcemia in Preterm Neonates Born After 32 Weeks Gestation

Sabljić, J., Runjić, E., Čogelja, K., Markoski, B., Barbača, M., & Bačić, B. (2025) · Children · doi:10.3390/children12091213 · Cited by 1

Machine learning demonstrates normal fetal Doppler velocimetry associated with reduced risk of necrotizing enterocolitis among preterm infants with growth restriction

Kim, F., Joung, K. E., Field, H., Garland, M., LYFORD, A., Sheen, J., & Hays, T. (2025) · Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine · doi:10.1177/19345798251382946 · Cited by 1

Mediating role of preterm birth in the relationship between maternal disease and infant development

Tan, S., Wang, Y., Tang, C., Li, S., & Mei, J. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-025-08268-7 · Cited by 1

Cervical ripening balloon vs oral misoprostol for induction of labor in small‐for‐gestational age: retrospective multicenter study

Zaccaria, G., Dutemeyer, V., Carlin, A., Forlani, F., Maiorana, A., Brodowski, L., Kaisenberg, C. V., Jani, J. C., & Badr, D. A. (2025) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.70142 · Cited by 1

The effects of therapeutic drugs on brain development in infants with fetal growth restriction

Wixey, J. A., White, T. A., Piscopo, B. R., Chand, K. K., Colditz, P. B., & Miller, S. (2026) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp289645 · Cited by 1

Protective Effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation during Pregnancy against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Fetal Mice

Meng, Q., Cheng, J., Wang, X., Ren, M., Hong, Y. C., Tang, K., Zhang, Z., Xie, Y., Lin, Q., Gong, W., et al. (2026) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101419 · Cited by 1

Impact of Fetal Growth Restriction on Neonatal Outcomes, Neurodevelopment and Growth - Experience of a Tertiary Center

Martins, I. A., Queirós, J. C., Carvalho, I. S., Sousa, D., Cunha, A., Guedes‐Martins, L., Borges, T., Barros, A. C., Nascimento, M., Teixeira, L. C., et al. (2026) · Neonatal. · doi:10.35702/neo.10030

Placental insufficiency and its consequences

Gagnon, R. J. (2003) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/s0301-2115(03)00179-9 · Cited by 335

Long-term implications of fetal growth restriction

D’Agostin, M., Morgia, C. D. S., Vento, G., & Nobile, S. (2023) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v11.i13.2855 · Cited by 73

FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION: A GROWTH PATTERN WITH FETAL, NEONATAL AND LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES

Piro, E., Serra, G., Schierz, I. A. M., Giuffrè, M., & Corsello, G. (2026) · EuroMediterranean Biomedical Journal · doi:10.3269/1970-5492.2019.14.09 · Cited by 10

Short- and Long-Term Implications of Small for Gestational Age

Fung, C. M., & Zinkhan, E. K. (2021) · Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ogc.2021.02.004 · Cited by 54