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Revisiting Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages: Heterogeneity, Development, and Function
Open accessAbstract
Tissue macrophages play a crucial role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and also contribute to inflammatory and reparatory responses during pathogenic infection and tissue injury. The high heterogeneity of these macrophages is consistent with their adaptation to distinct tissue environments and specialization to develop niche-specific functions. Although peritoneal macrophages are one of the best-studied macrophage populations, recently it was demonstrated the co-existence of two subsets in mouse peritoneal cavity (PerC), which exhibit distinct phenotypes, functions, and origins. These macrophage subsets have been classified, according to their morphology, as large peritoneal macrophages (LPMs) and small peritoneal macrophages (SPMs). LPMs, the most abundant subset under steady state conditions, express high levels of F4/80 and low levels of class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). LPMs appear to be originated from embryogenic precursors, and their maintenance in PerC is regulated by expression of specific transcription factors and tissue-derived signals. Conversely, SPMs, a minor subset in unstimulated PerC, have a F4/80(low)MHC-II(high) phenotype and are generated from bone-marrow-derived myeloid precursors. In response to infectious or inflammatory stimuli, the cellular composition of PerC is dramatically altered, where LPMs disappear and SPMs become the prevalent population together with their precursor, the inflammatory monocyte. SPMs appear to be the major source of inflammatory mediators in PerC during infection, whereas LPMs contribute for gut-associated lymphoid tissue-independent and retinoic acid-dependent IgA production by peritoneal B-1 cells. In the previous years, considerable efforts have been made to broaden our understanding of LPM and SPM origin, transcriptional regulation, and functional profile. This review addresses these issues, focusing on the impact of tissue-derived signals and external stimulation in the complex dynamics of peritoneal macrophage populations.
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“This population was selected over bone-marrow derived macrophages as peritoneal macrophages differentiate within the tissue, which allows them to mold to their environment and experience hormonal changes throughout the animal’s lifespan [29, 31, 32].”
From Alzheimer’s disease-associated protective variant Plcg2-P522R modulates peripheral macrophage function in a sex-dimorphic manner (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
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“In broad terms, LPMs are known to be resident to the peritoneal cavity, and SPMs are derived from blood-monocytes, which travel to the peritoneal cavity upon infection or other inflammatory events [29].”
From Alzheimer’s disease-associated protective variant Plcg2-P522R modulates peripheral macrophage function in a sex-dimorphic manner (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
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“In broad terms, LPMs are known to be resident to the peritoneal cavity, and SPMs are derived from blood-monocytes, which travel to the peritoneal cavity upon infection or other inflammatory events [29].”
From Alzheimer’s disease-associated protective variant Plcg2-P522R modulates peripheral macrophage function in a sex-dimorphic manner (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
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“Although the canonical sub-populations known as LPMs and SPMs are recognized as separate groups [29]”
From Alzheimer’s disease-associated protective variant Plcg2-P522R modulates peripheral macrophage function in a sex-dimorphic manner (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
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Duan, Z., & Luo, Y. (2021) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-021-00506-6 · Cited by 656
Metabolism of tissue macrophages in homeostasis and pathology
Wculek, S. K., Dunphy, G., Heras-Murillo, I., Mastrangelo, A., & Sancho, D. (2022) · Cellular & Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-021-00791-9 · Cited by 501
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Metadata
- Authors
- Cassado, A. D. A., D’Império Lima, M. R., & Bortoluci, K. R.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Cassado, Alexandra dos Anjos
- Venue
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2015-05-19
- Volume
- 6
- Pages
- 225-225
- ISSN
- 1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4437037
- OpenAlex
- W1553047467
- Cited by
- 315
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 2.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (13/16010-5, 13/07140-2)
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (2013/07140-2)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- peritoneal macrophages, macrophage heterogeneity, macrophage development, macrophage origin, inflammatory monocytes, MHC class II expression, F4/80, transcriptional regulation, IgA production, gut-associated lymphoid tissue, retinoic acid, infection, inflammation, tissue homeostasis
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