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Cited by 30Gut microbiota and healthLiver Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentAlcohol Consumption and Health Effects

Unlocking the gut-liver axis: microbial contributions to the pathogenesis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease

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Buchynskyi, Mykhailo, Kamyshna, Iryna, Halabitska, Iryna, Petakh, Pavlo, Kunduzova, Oksana, Oksenych, Valentyn, Kamyshnyi, Oleksandr·2025·Frontiers in Microbiology
DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1577724PMC PMC12061941
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Abstract

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation and subsequent inflammation. This condition is closely linked to metabolic syndrome and obesity, with its prevalence rising due to sedentary lifestyles and high-calorie diets. The pathogenesis of MAFLD involves multiple factors, including insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in MAFLD development, with dysbiosis contributing to liver inflammation through various mechanisms, such as enhanced intestinal permeability and the translocation of bacterial products like lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids, influence hepatic function and immune responses, with potential implications for disease progression. Specific gut microbiome signatures have been identified in MAFLD patients, offering potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Moreover, gut-derived toxins, such as endotoxins, lipopolysaccharides, trimethylamine-N-oxide and bacterial metabolites, significantly influence liver damage and inflammation, highlighting the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and hepatic health. This review comprehensively examines the complex interplay between the gut microbiota and MAFLD, focusing on underlying pathogenic mechanisms, potential biomarkers, and emerging microbiome-targeted therapeutic strategies for disease management.

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  • In states of dysbiosis, increased intestinal permeability can facilitate translocation of endotoxins into the portal circulation, thereby exacerbating liver inflammation, insulin resistance, and metabolic dysfunction and contributing to diseases such as fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, or metabolic syndrome.

    “In states of dysbiosis, increased intestinal permeability can facilitate the translocation of endotoxins into the portal circulation, thereby exacerbating liver inflammation, insulin resistance, and metabolic dysfunction and contributing to the development or progression of diseases such as fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, or metabolic syndrome [94][95][96][97].”

    From The Seven Methods for the Evaluation of Nutritional Status—ABCDEFG: Narrative Review (2026) · cites this paper as [97]

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Authors
Buchynskyi, M., Kamyshna, I., Halabitska, I., Petakh, P., Kunduzova, O., Oksenych, V., & Kamyshnyi, O.
Affiliations
  • I.Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University (UA)
  • Uzhhorod National University (UA)
  • Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (FR)
  • University of Bergen (NO)
Corresponding author
  • Buchynskyi, Mykhailo
  • Oksenych, Valentyn
  • Kamyshnyi, Oleksandr
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Microbiology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2025-04-25
Volume
16
Pages
1577724-1577724
ISSN
1664-302X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fmicb.2025.1577724
PMC
PMC12061941
OpenAlex
W4409825112
Cited by
30
References
22
Citations by year
2026: 24 · 2025: 6
FWCI
2.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
Keywords
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gut-liver axis, gut microbiota, dysbiosis, hepatic lipid accumulation, liver inflammation, insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, intestinal permeability, lipopolysaccharide translocation, short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, trimethylamine N-oxide, microbial metabolites, metabolic syndrome, obesity, microbiome-targeted therapy, biomarkers

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