Cognitive and neural strategies during control of the anterior cingulate cortex by fMRI neurofeedback in patients with schizophrenia
Open accessAbstract
Cognitive functioning is impaired in patients with schizophrenia, leading to significant disabilities in everyday functioning. Its improvement is an important treatment target. Neurofeedback (NF) seems a promising method to address the neural dysfunctions underlying those cognitive impairments. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a central hub for cognitive processing, is one of the brain regions known to be dysfunctional in schizophrenia. Here we conducted NF training based on real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with schizophrenia to enable them to control their ACC activity. Training was performed over 3 days in a group of 11 patients with schizophrenia and 11 healthy controls. Social feedback was provided in accordance with the evoked activity in the selected region of interest (ROI). Neural and cognitive strategies were examined off-line. Both groups learned to control the activity of their ACC but used different neural strategies: patients activated the dorsal and healthy controls the rostral subdivision. Patients mainly used imagination of music to elicit activity and the control group imagination of sports. In a stepwise regression analysis, the difference in neural control did not result from the differences in cognitive strategies but from diagnosis alone. Based on social reinforcers, patients with schizophrenia can learn to regulate localized brain activity. However, cognitive strategies and neural network location differ from healthy controls. These data emphasize that for therapeutic interventions in patients with schizophrenia compensatory strategies may emerge. Specific cognitive skills or specific dysfunctional networks should be addressed to train impaired skills. Social NF based on fMRI may be one method to accomplish precise learning targets.
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Rt-fMRI NF is a promising non-invasive approach to support voluntary modification of BOLD activation in individuals with psychiatric disorders characterized by aberrant neural activation patterns.
“Real-time fMRI neurofeedback (rt-fMRI NF) is a promising non-invasive approach to support voluntary modification of blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activation in individuals with psychiatric disorders characterized by aberrant neural activation patterns (Cordes et al., 2015, Dyck et al., 2016, Young et al., 2017, Zaehringer et al., 2019, Zweerings et al., 2019).”
From Rt-fMRI neurofeedback-guided cognitive reappraisal training modulates amygdala responsivity in posttraumatic stress disorder (2020) · cites this paper as Cordes et al., 2015
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“Real-time fMRI neurofeedback (rt-fMRI NF) is a promising noninvasive approach to support voluntary modification of blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activation in individuals with psychiatric disorders characterized by aberrant neural activation patterns (Cordes et al., 2015; Dyck et al., 2016; Young et al., 2017; Z…”
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- Authors
- Cordes, J. S., Mathiak, K. A., Dyck, M., Alawi, E. M., Gaber, T. J., Zepf, F. D., Klasen, M., Zvyagintsev, M., Gur, R. C., & Mathiak, K.
- Affiliations
- RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- King's College London (GB)
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mathiak, Klaus
- Venue
- Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2015-06-25
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 169-169
- ISSN
- 1662-5153 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4480149
- OpenAlex
- W1492481035
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 7.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (IRTG1328, APIC: 01EE1405B, MA2631/6-1, 2631/6-1, MA 2631/6)
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01EE1405B, APIC: 01EE1405B)
- RWTH Aachen University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, fMRI neurofeedback, anterior cingulate cortex, cognitive control, cognitive strategies, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, rostral anterior cingulate cortex, musical imagery, social feedback, compensatory strategies, cognitive impairment
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