Cited by 637Infectious Encephalopathies and EncephalitisRespiratory viral infections researchVirology and Viral Diseases

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Neurologic Alterations Due to Respiratory Virus Infections

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Bohmwald, Karen, Gálvez, Nicolás M. S., Ríos, Mariana, Kalergis, Alexis M.·2018·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

DOI 10.3389/fncel.2018.00386PMC PMC6212673

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Abstract

Central Nervous System (CNS) infections are one of the most critical problems in public health, as frequently patients exhibit neurologic sequelae. Usually, CNS pathologies are caused by known neurotropic viruses such as measles virus (MV), herpes virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), among others. However, nowadays respiratory viruses have placed themselves as relevant agents responsible for CNS pathologies. Among these neuropathological viruses are the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), the influenza virus (IV), the coronavirus (CoV) and the human metapneumovirus (hMPV). These viral agents are leading causes of acute respiratory infections every year affecting mainly children under 5 years old and also the elderly. Up to date, several reports have described the association between respiratory viral infections with neurological symptoms. The most frequent clinical manifestations described in these patients are febrile or afebrile seizures, status epilepticus, encephalopathies and encephalitis. All these viruses have been found in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which suggests that all these pathogens, once in the lungs, can spread throughout the body and eventually reach the CNS. The current knowledge about the mechanisms and routes used by these neuro-invasive viruses remains scarce. In this review article, we describe the most recent findings associated to neurologic complications, along with data about the possible invasion routes of these viruses in humans and their various effects on the CNS, as studied in animal models.

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Authors: Bohmwald, K., Gálvez, N. M. S., Ríos, M., & Kalergis, A. M.
Affiliations: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CL)
Corresponding author: Kalergis, Alexis M.
ORCID: Gálvez, Nicolás M. S.
Ríos, Mariana
Kalergis, Alexis M.
Venue: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2018-10-26
Volume: 12
Pages: 386-386
ISSN: 1662-5102 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00386
PMC: PMC6212673
OpenAlex: W2898372989
Cited by: 636
References: 138
Citations by year: 2026: 21 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 101 · 2021: 169 · 2020: 203 · 2019: 4
FWCI: 13.79
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (unspecified)
Locations: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia (P09/016-F, 3180570, 1150862)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Virology and Viral Diseases
Keywords: respiratory viral infections, neurological complications, central nervous system infection, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, encephalitis, encephalopathy, status epilepticus, febrile seizures, cerebrospinal fluid, neurotropism, pediatric respiratory infection

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Neurologic Alterations Due to Respiratory Virus Infections

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