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Cortisol Levels of Shelter Dogs in Animal Assisted Interventions in a Prison: An Exploratory Study

d’Angelo, Danila, d’Ingeo, Serenella, Ciani, Francesca, Visone, Michele, Sacchettino, Luigi, Avallone, Luigi, Quaranta, Angelo·2021·Animals
DOI 10.3390/ani11020345PMC PMC7911336
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Abstract

Previous studies regarding the Animal Assisted Interventions (AAI) have mainly focused on the beneficial effects of human–animal interactions on human health; whereas the impact of such activities on the welfare of the animals involved has received limited attention. So far, few studies have addressed this issue by evaluating the physiological and behavioral reactions of therapy dogs during the interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of AAI on the cortisol levels of shelter dogs. Five dogs participated in weekly AAI working activities with adult inmates held at a prison of the South of Italy for two months. Saliva samples were collected every two weeks in three conditions: at the kennel (baseline), after transportation and at the end of the working sessions. The results revealed a significant decrease in the cortisol baseline at the end of the AAI program, suggesting that the activities carried out with humans and in a different environment could improve the welfare of dogs housed in kennels. Moreover, we found that transportation significantly increased subjects’ cortisol levels, suggesting that it is a critical phase that deserves particular care.

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  • Study [24] results highlight that structured interaction with humans outside the shelter environment seems to be efficient in buffering hyperarousal linked with high cortisol levels in kennel-housed dogs.

    “The study results highlight that structured interaction with humans outside the shelter environment seems to be efficient in buffering hyperarousal linked with high cortisol levels in kennel-housed dogs [24].”

    From Therapy Dog Welfare Revisited: A Review of the Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [24]

  • A study with shelter dogs reported a significant decrease in basal cortisol concentrations across the two months of a weekly AAI program.

    “A study with shelter dogs reported a significant decrease in basal cortisol concentrations across the two months of a weekly AAI program [24].”

    From Therapy Dog Welfare Revisited: A Review of the Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [24]

  • In study [24], transportation for approximately 60 min resulted in a significant increase of the dogs' cortisol levels compared to baseline measurements at the kennel or post AAI session.

    “In addition, transportation for approximately 60 min resulted in a significant increase of the dogs′ cortisol levels compared to baseline measurements at the kennel or post AAI session.”

    From Therapy Dog Welfare Revisited: A Review of the Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [24]

  • Transport duration of between 50 and 60 min was related to increased physiological arousal.

    “Transport duration of between 50 and 60 min were related to increased physiological arousal [21,24].”

    From Therapy Dog Welfare Revisited: A Review of the Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [24]

  • In study [24], there was a significant decrease in baseline cortisol levels at the end of the AAI program, indicating a decline in physiological arousal.

    “The research findings revealed a significant decrease in baseline cortisol levels at the end of the AAI program, indicating a decline in physiological arousal.”

    From Therapy Dog Welfare Revisited: A Review of the Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [24]

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Metadata

Authors
d’Angelo, D., d’Ingeo, S., Ciani, F., Visone, M., Sacchettino, L., Avallone, L., & Quaranta, A.
Affiliations
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
  • Animal Physiology and Behavior Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70100 Bari, Italy
  • Dog Park, Ottaviano, 80137 Naples, Italy
Venue
Animals
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-01-29
Volume
11
Issue
2
Pages
345
ISSN
2076-2615
DOI
10.3390/ani11020345
PMC
PMC7911336
Cited by
36
References
2
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)

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