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Digital Twin: Origin to Future
Open accessAbstract
Digital Twin (DT) refers to the virtual copy or model of any physical entity (physical twin) both of which are interconnected via exchange of data in real time. Conceptually, a DT mimics the state of its physical twin in real time and vice versa. Application of DT includes real-time monitoring, designing/planning, optimization, maintenance, remote access, etc. Its implementation is expected to grow exponentially in the coming decades. The advent of Industry 4.0 has brought complex industrial systems that are more autonomous, smart, and highly interconnected. These systems generate considerable amounts of data useful for several applications such as improving performance, predictive maintenance, training, etc. A sudden influx in the number of publications related to ‘Digital Twin’ has led to confusion between different terminologies related to the digitalization of industries. Another problem that has arisen due to the growing popularity of DT is a lack of consensus on the description of DT as well as so many different types of DT, which adds to the confusion. This paper intends to consolidate the different types of DT and different definitions of DT throughout the literature for easy identification of DT from the rest of the complimentary terms such as ‘product avatar’, ‘digital thread’, ‘digital model’, and ‘digital shadow’. The paper looks at the concept of DT since its inception to its predicted future to realize the value it can bring to certain sectors. Understanding the characteristics and types of DT while weighing its pros and cons is essential for any researcher, business, or sector before investing in the technology.
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“In accordance with DT characteristics, the DTP is able to simulate manufacturing scenarios and perform validation testing, evaluation and even quality control testing prior to the actual manufacturing process itself.This approach effectively reduces production costs and operational time by identifying flaws or possible risks of the physical twin before production.”
From Digital Twin Technology Challenges and Applications: A Comprehensive Review (2022) · cites this paper as [10]
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In the citing paper
“It is important to note that the development and widespread implementation of DTs depend on the advances in research and enabling technologies such as AI, ML, big data, 5G communication and cloud/edge computing [10,83].”
From Digital Twin Technology Challenges and Applications: A Comprehensive Review (2022) · cites this paper as [10]
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In the citing paper
“The proposed approach involved utilizing DT technology to replicate the aircraft's physical and mechanical characteristics, aiming to forecast potential fatigue or structural cracks.This strategy would effectively extend the operational lifespan of the aircraft [21].”
From Digital Twins in the IIoT: Current Practices and Future Directions Toward Industry 5.0 (2025) · cites this paper as [21]
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“Furthermore, the continuous transfer of information between DT and its physical counterpart enables ongoing validation and optimization of the system's processes [21].”
From Digital Twins in the IIoT: Current Practices and Future Directions Toward Industry 5.0 (2025) · cites this paper as [21]
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“However, the modern state of the art classifies and defines DTs based on the application domain [10] and their levels of integration.”
From Digital Twin Technology Challenges and Applications: A Comprehensive Review (2022) · cites this paper as [10]
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“High costs of implementation due to the increased amount of sensors and computational resources needed [10,18].”
From Digital Twin Technology Challenges and Applications: A Comprehensive Review (2022) · cites this paper as [10]
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“Issues related to data (trust, privacy, cybersecurity, convergence and governance, acquisition and large-scale analysis) [10].”
From Digital Twin Technology Challenges and Applications: A Comprehensive Review (2022) · cites this paper as [10]
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Citations
Cites
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A consistency management framework for digital twin models
Muctadir, H. M., Kamburjan, E., Cleophas, L., & van den Brand, M. (2025) · Journal of Systems and Software · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2025.112750 · Cited by 2
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Underhill, H., McEwen, L. J., & Coulthard, T. (2026) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2025.1724250 · Cited by 2
Cao, Y., Liu, X., Huang, R., Zhu, M., Wang, Z., & Xu, P. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0340062 · Cited by 2
“Beyond these applications, the OPM method is also extensively used in various industries such as engineering surveying [22–25], power line inspection [26–29], building extraction [30–32], and smart cities [33–35].”
Xue, C., Li, L. C., Liu, J., Su, F., Wu, W., Ma, Z., Xiang, Z., Wu, S., & Qin, Q. (2026) · Digital Twin · doi:10.1080/27525783.2025.2610851 · Cited by 2
Kumar, C. P., Ramu, T. B., Manohari, V., Al-Assaf, K. T., Lakhanpal, S., & Balasubramaniyan, R. (2025) · International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS) · doi:10.1109/icsss66939.2025.11346244 · Cited by 2
“Digital Twin (DT) has recently been proposed as a promising paradigm to link physical batteries to sophisticated computational models [12].”
Carracciuolo, L., D’Amora, U., Dubbioso, R., & Fasolino, I. (2026) · AppliedMath · doi:10.3390/appliedmath6020022 · Cited by 2
“It could also lay the foundations for the definition of a protocol useful for constructing “ digital twins” [74,75] of the entire process of study, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease from the perspective of innovative precision medicine.”
Song, N., Su, S., Yu, P., & Wang, H. (2026) · International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2026.100746 · Cited by 2
Chavez, Z. B. R., Porcaro, A., Simone, M. C. D., Falco, D. D., & Guida, D. (2026) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su18052269 · Cited by 2
Opportunities and Gaps in Supply Chain Digital Twin Deployments: A Biopharmaceutical Industry Focus
Charoenwut, P., Kulvatunyou, B., & Wing, S. (2026) · Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering · doi:10.1115/1.4071384 · Cited by 2
“Singh et al. 2021 [62] added that a digital twin can be in various forms.”
Real-Time Mechanical Modeling for Bridge Construction Based on Digital Twins and Parameter Inversion
Yu, X., Wan, X., Nie, J., Song, G., Yu, A., & Yu, J. (2026) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app16062920 · Cited by 2
Ontology-Driven and Human-Centric Digital Twins in Hospitality: A Survey and Research Agenda
Manzano-Farray, D., Segura-Cedres, M., Aguiar-Castillo, L., Guerra-Yanez, V., & Pérez‐Jiménez, R. (2026) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s26092764 · Cited by 2
“This distinction is consistent with the evolution of DTs from asset-centric models toward more process-oriented and human-centric representations in complex systems [3,4,7,19,20].”
Resilient Digital Twin Estimation for Smart Manufacturing Systems under Sensor Data Loss
Nandy, D., Bouraima, M. O., Koneru, S. P., Shahin, M. B. N., Biswas, A., & Islam, M. J. (2026) · International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies (ICICT) · doi:10.1109/icict68280.2026.11511027 · Cited by 6
“Digital twins have emerged as a key enabling technology for monitoring, analysis, and control of complex engineering systems [1].”
Designing Materials for a Circular Economy: A Multiscale and Multiphysics Approach
Halarnkar, V. N., Naik, S., Nehla, P., & Munjal, S. (2026) · Materials Circular Economy · doi:10.1007/s42824-026-00237-5 · Cited by 2
“It involves the integration of real-time data from physical systems with the DT (Singh et al. 2021 ).”
Torno, E. (2026) · International Journal of Lean Six Sigma · doi:10.1108/ijlss-08-2025-0235 · Cited by 2
Zhao, X., Peng, M., & Chen, G. (2026) · Annals of Nuclear Energy · doi:10.1016/j.anucene.2026.112514 · Cited by 2
Qureshi, M. A., Feng, Z., Kumar, V., Besharat, M., & Lovreglio, R. (2026) · Discover Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s43621-026-03825-2 · Cited by 2
“Among the more widely applicable definitions, Singh et al. [62] describes DT as: A Digital Twin is a dynamic and self-evolving digital/virtual model or simulation of a real-life subject or object (part, machine, process, human, etc) representing the exact state of its physical twin at any given…”
Immersion Without Instability: A Digital Twin Approach to Solve Imbalance Issues in Virtual Reality
Pavel, M. S. R., & Mahmud, M. R. (2026) · doi:10.1145/3786169.3788396 · Cited by 2
Vicente-Martínez, P., Chust-Ros, A., Soria‐Olivas, E., García-Escrivà, M. Á., William, E., & Sánchez-Montañés, M. A. (2026) · Computers · doi:10.3390/computers15080484 · Cited by 2
Sustainable Development Using Digital Twin Technology With Image Processing
Dhibar, K., Maji, P., Prasad, S., & Pal, M. (2023) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-6821-0.ch020 · Cited by 2
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“[19] Singh M, Fuenmayor E, Hinchy EP, Qiao Y, Murray N, Devine D.”
BackgroundEnsuring the Connection Between Physical and Virtual Models in the Context of Digital Twins
Abadi, M., Abadi, A., Abadi, C., & Ben-Azza, H. (2023) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-29860-8_84 · Cited by 2
Reducing Service Trips and Its Effects on Service Delivery and Customer Experience
Schweiger, L., & Meierhofer, J. (2023) · Progress in IS · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36698-7_22 · Cited by 2
ÖZTEMİZ, H. (2023) · Journal of Research in Business · doi:10.54452/jrb.1220823 · Cited by 2
Hu, F., Bi, S., & Zhu, Y. (2024) · Mathematics · doi:10.3390/math12020355 · Cited by 2
Digital Technologies for the Design of Human-Robot Collaborative Cells
Cella, C., Zanchettin, A. M., & Rocco, P. (2023) · IEEE International Conference on Metrology for eXtended Reality, Artificial Intelligence and Neural Engineering (MetroXRAINE) · doi:10.1109/metroxraine58569.2023.10405765 · Cited by 2
“In the following years the digital transformation favoured by the industry 4.0 paradigm led industries to see the link between these two worlds as a revolutionary concept [15].”
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Data fusion and homogenization
Muñoz-Arcentales, A., Conde, J., Alonso, Á., Salvachúa, J., Velásquez, W., & López‐Pernas, S. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13462-3.00002-9 · Cited by 2
A tutorial on digital twins for predictive maintenance
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From Reactive to Proactive: Predicting and Optimizing Performance for Competitive Advantage
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Using Petri Nets for Digital Twins Modeling and Deployment: A Power Wheelchair System Case Study
Lagartinho-Oliveira, C., Moutinho, F., & Gomes, L. (2024) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-61433-0_20 · Cited by 2
Digital Twin Technology: A Comprehensive Review
Abayadeera, M. R., & Ganegoda, G. U. (2024) · International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) · doi:10.38124/ijisrt/ijisrt24jun425 · Cited by 2
Digital twin-based change control for supply chain system
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Towards an Urban Digital Twins Continuum Architecture
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Zhang, X., & Simeone, A. L. (2024) · ACM Symposium on Spatial User Interaction (SUI) · doi:10.1145/3677386.3682100 · Cited by 2
Exploring Digital Twin Dynamics: An Analysis of Structure Configurations
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Digital twin model design for smart village
Ahmad, N., Fatima, I., Alam, M., Khan, I. R., & Mahmoud, A. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-28884-5.00006-3 · Cited by 5
Energy transition of cultural heritage: opportunities, risks, and challenges
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Li, Y., Huang, L., Yu, Q., & Ning, Q. (2025) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3563858 · Cited by 4
“By creating virtual representations of physical entities, the DT technology enables state synchronization, predictive maintenance, and performance optimization [2], [3].”
Ding, X., & Xing, J. (2025) · PeerJ Computer Science · doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.2892 · Cited by 4
“The digital twin serves as a virtual replica of a physical entity, continuously synchronizing real-time data with its physical counterpart to mirror its state accurately ( Singh et al., 2021 ).”
Bhaskarkumar, M. S., & Sivakumar, P. B. (2025) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2025.03.236 · Cited by 2
Development approach for value-creating service process twins based on service design methods
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“Combining different existing technologies, the DT is one of the key approaches in the fourth industrial revolution [1].”
BackgroundA Hybrid Architecture of Digital Twin with Decision Support Layer for Industrial Maintenance
dos Santos, C. F., Netto, R. J. K., Kondo, R. E., Loures, E. D. F. R., Santos, E. A. P., & Szejka, A. L. (2023) · Lecture notes in mechanical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-17629-6_61 · Cited by 2
Digital Twins in Real Economy: Unobvious Effects
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Some Features of Social Structures and Institutions Transformation in the Digital Age
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A Critical Review of Digital Twin Confidentiality in a Smart City
Kismul, A., Al‐Khateeb, H., & Jahankhani, H. (2023) · Advanced sciences and technologies for security applications · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-20160-8_25 · Cited by 2
Digitaler Zwilling für die additive Fertigung/Digital twin for additive manufacturing
Wittmeir, T., Oettl, F., & Schilp, J. (2023) · wt Werkstattstechnik online · doi:10.37544/1436-4980-2023-03-53 · Cited by 2
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Mooie plaatjes maken nog geen goede participatie
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Automating Built Heritage Modelling for the Integration into 3D City Models
Aboohamzeh, A., Avena, M., & Spano, A. T. (2024) · The international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences/International archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences · doi:10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-w10-2024-5-2024 · Cited by 2
“(Singh et al. 2021) Another aspect not to be underestimated is the increasingly close connection between geoinformation management strategies with the approaches of communities that develop and enhance the AEC sector and the related paradigms of modelling, representation, and visualization based on…”
BackgroundPrakash, J. (2022) · doi:10.1002/9781119842316.ch15 · Cited by 2
Digital Twin in Pharmaceutical Industry
Patel, A. K., Patel, A. S., & Patel, K. M. (2022) · doi:10.1002/9781119842316.ch11 · Cited by 2
Monitoring Structural Health Using Digital Twin
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Digital Twin in Development of Products
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Utama, P. H. K., Haq, I. N., Pradipta, J., Putra, A. P., & Leksono, E. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4844249 · Cited by 2
Blockchain for Edge Association in Digital Twin Empowered 6G Networks
Fancy, C., Anand, M., & Sheeba, T. M. (2024) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394287420.ch7 · Cited by 3
Hull, R., Chauke-Malinga, N., Gaudji, G. R., Blenman, K., & Dlamini, Z. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36461-7_8 · Cited by 1
Cloud-Native Architecture for Mixed File-Based and API-Based Digital Twin Exchange
Eskandani, N., & Grüner, S. (2023) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-42592-9_20 · Cited by 1
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“The digital twin technology is expected to bring new value to a variety of industries [1].”
BackgroundGreenship Data Center – A Green Data Centre Standard for Indonesia
Widyanto, T., & Hardjoprakoso, W. (2024) · Proceeding of The International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research for Sustainable Innovation. · doi:10.31098/icmrsi.v1i.836 · Cited by 1
“Digital twin technology offers a powerful tool to achieve these goals (Singh , Fuenmayor, Hinchy, & Qiao, 2021) (Crespi, Drobot, & Minerva, 2023).”
MethodAdaptive Reconstruction Offloading for Digital Twin-assisted Intelligent Transportation Systems
Chen, J., Liu, S., Zhu, P., Yuan, J., Wu, C., Chen, X., Lu, W., & Yin, R. (2024) · IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC) · doi:10.1109/iccc62479.2024.10682032 · Cited by 1
“Digital Twin (DT) is an advanced virtual reality (VR) technology that creates an exact virtual replica of a physical entity for simulation and analysis, enabling more efficient and precise monitoring and optimization [1]-[2].”
BackgroundApplication of Digital Twins of Project-Oriented Productions in Digital Project Management
Teslia, I., Yehorchenkova, N., Yehorchenkov, O., Khlevna, I., Kataieva, Y., & Latysheva, T. (2024) · Lecture notes on data engineering and communications technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-71804-5_6 · Cited by 1
Developing Digital Twins to Assist in the Control of Nuclear Complex Processes
Chabal, C., Durand, T., Belaazri, H., Delrieu, J., Gauthier, M., Ledoux, A., & Père, C. (2024) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-73344-4_53 · Cited by 1
A Cross Reality Application for a Hydrogen Pipeline Digital Twin
Wang, N., & Maurer, F. (2024) · IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct) · doi:10.1109/ismar-adjunct64951.2024.00038 · Cited by 1
“For the past decade, there has been a surge in case studies focused on fields such as manufacturing, automotive, computing, smart city, energy, aerospace, medical, education, and others on tasks including designing, optimization, maintenance, planning, decision, training, etc, [37, 27].”
Strakošová, S., Novák, P., & Kadera, P. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN) · doi:10.1109/indin58382.2024.10774436 · Cited by 2
“It can also provide ways to simulate, analyze, maintain, and optimize the physical entity’s operation and behavior in a virtual environment [12].”
Automated Production Data Integration and Processing via Simulation Based Digital Twin
Burčiar, F., Juhás, M., Juhásová, B., Važan, P., Halenár, I., & Halenárová, L. (2024) · International Conference on Mechatronics - Mechatronika · doi:10.1109/me61309.2024.10789722 · Cited by 1
“…the past, the DTs were often used to represent a single machine or a product and its lifecycle, while nowadays it is possible to recreate an entire production process within he digital space, potentially offering various new possibilities with control strategies in the manufacturing department [6].”
Munko, M. J., Vidmar, M., Brádaigh, C. M. Ó., Cuthill, F., Camacho, M. A. V., & Dubon, S. A. L. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC) · doi:10.1109/ice/itmc61926.2024.10794252 · Cited by 1
“The influence of the DT on the physical asset can either require human intervention, or be fully-automated [2].”
Brooks, A. L., Bell, N., Jambeck, J., Werner, M., & Bilec, M. M. (2024) · Detritus · doi:10.31025/2611-4135/2024.19444 · Cited by 2
“Similarly, a DT is a virtual rep - resentation of a physical entity that exchanges data in a real-time (Singh et al., 2021).”
Filippi, F. D., & Carbone, C. (2024) · Advances in electronic government, digital divide, and regional development book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-5956-3.ch014 · Cited by 1
Hanai, H., Mita, Y., Wada, Y., Nakagawa, M., HIROGAKI, T., & AOYAMA, E. (2025) · International Journal of Automation Technology · doi:10.20965/ijat.2025.p0071 · Cited by 1
Towards Digital Twin Integrated Border Control
Tobing, V., Hamzah, M., Chew, J., & Hamdan, M. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Computing (ICOCO) · doi:10.1109/icoco62848.2024.10928191 · Cited by 1
“…defined as a dynamic and self-evolving digital/virtual model or simulation of real life subject or object (part, machine, human, process, etc.) representing the exact state of its physical twin at any given point in time via exchanging the real time data as well as keeping the historical data [43].”
Chen, Y., Ma, X., Zheng, L., Yan, H., Wang, C., Li, S., Zhang, H., & Zhao, X. (2025) · Lecture notes in electrical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-3965-6_18 · Cited by 1
Oditallah, M., Alam, M., Ekambaram, P., & Ranjha, S. A. (2025) · Journal of Information Technology in Construction · doi:10.36680/j.itcon.2025.023 · Cited by 4
Digital Twin for Sustainable Manufacturing: Integrating Networking and Factory Assets
Grasselli, C., Contoli, C., & Callegati, F. (2025) · IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference · doi:10.1109/ccnc54725.2025.10975951 · Cited by 1
“As recently discussed by Singh et al. in their review article [6], both the industry and academia provided a multitude of definitions of DT, making the agreement on a unique definition difficult because of the multiplicity of the field of applications.”
Abdelhalim, A. M. (2025) · International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies · doi:10.53894/ijirss.v8i3.6776 · Cited by 1
Advancing the Metaverse: The Convergence of Digital Twins, AI, and Emerging Technologies
Kakkar, P., Mittal, S., Ulaganathan, S., Kannadasan, T., & Kanuparthi, S. L. (2025) · doi:10.1109/icoact63339.2025.11004721 · Cited by 1
“To achieve reliable data access, the DT layer uses blockchain technology [13] to store virtual imitations securely.”
Nicoletti, B. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-94046-0_10 · Cited by 1
Rella, A., Schiuma, G., Raimo, N., Ricciardelli, A., & Vitolla, F. (2025) · International Journal of Public Administration · doi:10.1080/01900692.2025.2538179 · Cited by 1
A digital twin architecture for the provisioning of heterogeneous IoT devices
Maree, J.-M., Basson, A. H., & Kruger, K. (2026) · Future Generation Computer Systems · doi:10.1016/j.future.2026.108561 · Cited by 2
Internal audit and complex systems: emerging approaches
Lindgreen, E. R., Hartog, P., & Hamaker, P. (2025) · Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie · doi:10.5117/mab.99.154652 · Cited by 1
A novel method for listing all collision-free carrier arrangements of maypole braiding machines
Krauskopf, J. E., Rauh, A., & Hein, A. (2025) · Journal of Industrial Textiles · doi:10.1177/15280837251371994 · Cited by 1
“16 This publication presents a novel algorithm for enumerating all collision-free switch states and carrier arrangements that can be produced on a maypole braiding machine with rectangular horn gear con fi gurations.”
Model Predictive Control of Underwater Tethered Payload
O’Connor, M., Simoneau, A., & Dubay, R. (2025) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app151810122 · Cited by 1
A Proxy Re-Encryption Based Trusted Data Sharing Scheme for Digital Twins with Privacy Protection
Wu, J., Gao, H., Chen, Y., Zhang, R., Hu, J., Ye, K., & Yan, X. (2025) · ACM Transactions on the Web · doi:10.1145/3768586 · Cited by 1
da Cruz, A. M. R., Cruz, M., Carvalho, R., & Cruz, E. F. (2025) · IFAC-PapersOnLine · doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.09.217 · Cited by 1
Innovation in the Monitoring and Control of Cultural Heritage: An Integrated BIM-GIS Approach
Genovese, E., Bilotta, G., Calluso, S., Maesano, C., Manti, M. P., & Barrile, V. (2025) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-91144-6_8 · Cited by 1
Enhancing Waste Management Using Digital Twin Technology
Menon, R. R. K., Ganesh, P. V. S., & Saikrishna, S. (2025) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-02537-1_24 · Cited by 1
Digital twins and cloud computing
Pathare, P. B., Patil, H., Nirmal, N. P., de Waal, J. M., Jagtap, S., Mahanti, N. K., Sharma, P., & Prasath, V. A. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-33750-5.00008-1 · Cited by 2
Soni, L., Taneja, A., & Sachdeva, A. (2025) · Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers · doi:10.1142/s0218126626300011 · Cited by 1
A review of artificial intelligence in train driving and control
Xie, Y., & Yang, H. (2025) · Railway Sciences · doi:10.1108/rs-09-2025-0036 · Cited by 2
Mutashar, H. Q., Abu-Alsaad, H. A., & Mahmoud, S. M. (2025) · IoT · doi:10.3390/iot6040073 · Cited by 1
“These models are designed to convey a structural, data-driven representation of complex real-world processes to provide essential tools for real-time monitoring and decision support so as to enable predictive analysis in several fields [5].”
Gvozdyanyy, S. E., & Myaskov, A. V. (2025) · Russian Journal of Industrial Economics · doi:10.17073/2072-1633-2025-3-1463 · Cited by 1
Zhu, C., Bao, J., Zhao, Z., Yang, Z., Huang, C., Kang, J., Xu, H., & Zhang, Z. (2025) · Digital Communications and Networks · doi:10.1016/j.dcan.2025.11.004 · Cited by 1
Kider, J. T. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-3658-0_88 · Cited by 3
Developing a Digital Twin for Lathe Machine Real-time Monitoring
Mazen, A., Barber, A., DeVries, J., Linenberg, N., VanAlstine, A., & Yazdipaz, K. (2025) · International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Internet of Things (AIBThings) · doi:10.1109/aibthings66987.2025.11296185 · Cited by 1
“Particularly for small and medium-sized manufacturers (SMMs), implementation is hindered by high costs, integration complexity, lack of standardization, and limited tool availability [13].”
Design Thinking, Building Information Modelling, and Digital Twins
Lee, J. H., Ostwald, M. J., & Gu, N. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-94721-6_6 · Cited by 1
Alam, K. S., Kaif, A. M. A. D., Das, S. K., Chen, G., Islam, S. M., & Muyeen, S. M. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy · doi:10.1109/tste.2025.3635204 · Cited by 1
Digital twin framework for addressing water management challenges in Malaysia
Kamil, A. I. M., Fathi, M. S., Aziz, Z., & Ismail, N. A. A. (2025) · Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer · doi:10.1680/jmuen.25.00092 · Cited by 1
Bayer, H., ARACI, F. G. İ., & Gürkan, G. (2025) · İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17679/inuefd.1718877 · Cited by 1
Harnessing the Power of Simulation in Supply Chain Digital Twins
Köksalmış, E. (2025) · International series in management science/operations research/International series in operations research & management science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-08147-6_3 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Singh, M., Fuenmayor, E., Hinchy, E., Qiao, Y., Murray, N., & Devine, D.
- Affiliations
- Athlone Institute of Technology (IE)
- University of Limerick (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Devine, Declan
- Venue
- Applied System Innovation
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-05-24
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 36
- ISSN
- 2571-5577 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3164800436
- Cited by
- 1,038
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 189 · 2025: 275 · 2024: 260 · 2023: 198 · 2022: 102 · 2021: 14
- FWCI
- 74.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Applied System Innovation (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Limerick Institutional Repository (University of Limerick) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Research@THEA (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- Science Foundation Ireland (16/RC/3918)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering › Digital Transformation in Industry
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering › Applied Advanced Technologies
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Digital Innovation in Industries
- Keywords
- digital twin, physical twin, Industry 4.0, real-time data exchange, predictive maintenance, digital thread, digital models, digital shadow, terminology confusion, industrial digitalization
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