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Cited by 50Liver Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentLiver physiology and pathologyLiver Diseases and Immunity

Innate Immunity and MASLD

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Meyer, Moritz, Schwärzler, Julian, Jukic, Almina, Tilg, Herbert·2024·Biomolecules
DOI 10.3390/biom14040476PMC PMC11048298
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Abstract

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as the most common liver disease worldwide in recent years. MASLD commonly presents as simple hepatic steatosis, but ~25% of patients develop liver inflammation, progressive fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and related hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver inflammation and the degree of fibrosis are key determinants of the prognosis. The pathophysiology of liver inflammation is incompletely understood and involves diverse factors and specifically innate and adaptive immune responses. More specifically, diverse mediators of innate immunity such as proinflammatory cytokines, adipokines, inflammasomes and various cell types like mononuclear cells, macrophages and natural killer cells are involved in directing the inflammatory process in MASLD. The activation of innate immunity is driven by various factors including excess lipids and lipotoxicity, insulin resistance and molecular patterns derived from gut commensals. Targeting pathways of innate immunity might therefore appear as an attractive therapeutic strategy in the future management of MASLD and possibly its complications.

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  • Progression to MASH is mediated by lipotoxic injury, sterile and metabolic inflammation, and progressive fibrotic remodeling.

    “Although simple steatosis is often clinically silent, progression to MASH reflects a key transition mediated by lipotoxic injury, sterile and metabolic inflammation, and progressive fibrotic remodeling (Meyer et al. 2024).”

    From The double-edged sword of regulatory T cells in MASLD: from inflammation control to fibrosis promotion (2026) · cites this paper as Meyer et al. 2024

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Authors
Meyer, M., Schwärzler, J., Jukic, A., & Tilg, H.
Affiliations
Innsbruck Medical University (AT)
Corresponding author
Tilg, Herbert
ORCID
Venue
Biomolecules
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2024-04-13
Volume
14
Issue
4
Pages
476
ISSN
2218-273X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/biom14040476
PMC
PMC11048298
OpenAlex
W4394805741
Cited by
50
References
120
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 5
FWCI
3.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Biomolecules (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Austrian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (ÖGGH) (TWF F.45107, 843536)
  • Tyrolean Science Funds (TWF F.45107, 843536)
  • German Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (DACED) (TWF F.45107, 843536)
  • excellence initiative (Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies-COMET) of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (TWF F.45107, 843536)
  • Research Center of Excellence in Vascular Ageing Tyrol (TWF F.45107, 843536)
  • VASCage (TWF F.45107, 843536)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Diseases and Immunity
Keywords
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, innate immunity, liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, inflammasome, macrophages, natural killer cells, lipotoxicity, insulin resistance, therapeutic target
MeSH terms
Animals, Fatty Liver, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, Cytokines, Inflammasomes

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