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Ethanol Extract of Mao Jian Green Tea Attenuates Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation via the 5-hydroxytryptamine Signaling Pathway
Abstract
In a previous study, we demonstrated that the hydro extract of Mao Jian Green Tea (MJGT) promotes gastrointestinal motility. In this study, the effect of MJGT ethanol extract (MJGT_EE) in treating irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) in a rat model constructed via maternal separation combined with an ice water stimulation was investigated. First, a successful model construction was confirmed through the determination of the fecal water content (FWC) and the smallest colorectal distension (CRD) volume. Then, the overall regulatory effects of MJGT_EE on the gastrointestinal tract were preliminarily evaluated through gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion tests. Our findings indicated that MJGT_EE significantly increased FWC (p < 0.01) and the smallest CRD volume (p < 0.05) and promoted gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion (p < 0.01). Furthermore, mechanistically, MJGT_EE reduced intestinal sensitivity by regulating the expression of proteins related to the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) pathway. More specifically, it decreased tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) expression (p < 0.05) and increased serotonin transporter (SERT) expression (p < 0.05), thereby decreasing 5-HT secretion (p < 0.01), activating the calmodulin (CaM)/myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) pathway, and increasing 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4R) expression (p < 0.05). Moreover, MJGT_EE enhanced the diversity of gut microbiota, increased the proportion of beneficial bacteria, and regulated the number of 5-HT-related bacteria. Flavonoids may play the role of being active ingredients in MJGT_EE. These findings suggest that MJGT_EE could serve as a potential therapeutic pathway for IBS-C.
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“Several herbal products have demonstrated beneficial effects in preclinical studies of IBS, although no clinical studies in humans are currently available.”
From Plant-Derived Treatments for IBS: Clinical Outcomes, Mechanistic Insights, and Their Position in International Guidelines (2026) · cites this paper as [67]
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“Mao Jian Green Tea ethanol extract (catechins, caffeine, other polyphenols) reduces GI symptoms in a rat IBS-C model by regulating the serotonin pathway and enhancing gut microbiota diversity [67].”
From Plant-Derived Treatments for IBS: Clinical Outcomes, Mechanistic Insights, and Their Position in International Guidelines (2026) · cites this paper as [67]
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“Common medications used for IBS-C treatment include the serotonin type 4 receptor (5-HT4R) agonists, prucalopride and tegaserod [14], the type 2 chloride channel activator, lubiprostone [15], and the guanylate cyclase C agonists, linaclotide [16,17] and plecanatide [18], which can promote intestinal peristalsis.”
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The gut microbiome and irritable bowel syndrome
Menees, S., & Chey, W. (2018) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.14592.1 · Cited by 159 · cited 1×
“The gut microbiota in IBS patients is significantly different from that in healthy individuals and is characterized by lower bacterial diversity [75,78].”
BackgroundBrenner, D. M., Fogel, R., Dorn, S. D., Krause, R., Eng, P., Kirshoff, R., Nguyen, A., Crozier, R. A., Magnus, L., & Griffin, P. H. (2018) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/s41395-018-0026-7 · Cited by 145 · cited 1×
“Common medications used for IBS-C treatment include the serotonin type 4 receptor (5-HT4R) agonists, prucalopride and tegaserod [14], the type 2 chloride channel activator, lubiprostone [15], and the guanylate cyclase C agonists, linaclotide [16,17] and plecanatide [18], which can promote intestinal peristalsis.”
MethodFunctional findings in irritable bowel syndrome
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Cited by
Pastras, P., Aggeletopoulou, I., Bali, M., & Triantos, C. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18020183 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Wu, L., Gao, L., Jin, X., Chen, Z., Qiao, X., Cui, X., Gao, J., & Zhang, L.
- Venue
- Foods
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-03-04
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1101
- ISSN
- 2304-8158
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 14
- Language
- en
- Funders
- Shanxi Agricultural University Youth Science and Technology Innovation Fund (2016020, 202105D121010)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University (2016020, 202105D121010)
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